Exercises for paralysis of the right arm and leg. First step

A congenital disorder of cerebral palsy is a paralysis of the central nervous system, which can occur in a child due to damage to some parts of the brain. Violation motor functions may begin to progress in the prenatal or birth period, as well as in the first days of life. With cerebral palsy, spastic syndrome is often found - a painful increase in muscle tone and tendon reflexes. You can reduce the negative consequences of the disorder at home with the help of gymnastic exercises recommended for cerebral palsy.

Therapeutic effect of exercise

Therapeutic physical culture (LFK) helps to learn how to control your body. By doing special therapeutic exercises for children with cerebral palsy, you can improve coordination, braking processes, and motor amplitude. The technique is an integral part of a holistic complex aimed at reducing the manifestations of the disease caused by cerebral disorders.

The therapeutic effect of exercise therapy on the body:

Strengthens the tissues and organs of the child's body.
Activates weakened muscles.
Improves posture.
Normalizes metabolism.
Improves the functioning of the brain and circulatory system.
Promotes overall health.

With regular training, you can achieve the following results:

development of the necessary basic skills in the child;
mastering simple labor activity;
self-care without outside help.

Need to start conducting exercise therapy as early as possible, in the first days of life, gradually complicating classes. Moreover, physical education should be carried out if the newborn does not have symptoms of cerebral palsy, but he is predisposed to its development.

Basic principles of the methodology

Physiotherapy exercises are based on a number of basic principles:
Classes are held regularly, without gaps and long breaks.
Gradual increase in physical activity.
Individual approach.
Conducting classes taking into account the stage of the disease, age, state of mind.

Along with exercise therapy, corrective and educational measures must be taken to compensate for functional disorders.

Types of exercises and features of conducting classes

Any recreational gymnastics should be selected taking into account the needs of each individual patient. Nevertheless, the following types of exercises are included in each exercise therapy program:

relaxing;
contributing to the improvement of dynamics;
stimulating motor activity;
performed lying down;
performed while sitting;
with a gaming focus.

If the gait is difficult, or the patient is not able to walk, the lesson should be carried out near the bars or a rigid support. On next step occupation continues near the wall. In order for the center of gravity to be equally distributed on both sides of the body, actions are performed first with one limb, for example, with the right arm or leg, then with the other. The weaker side is given a greater burden. Squats should not be performed deep, most often they are performed only from the knee to the foot (semi-squat).

Classes for the development of the motor apparatus

With damage to the central or peripheral nervous system, there may be a violation of the movement of the upper or lower extremities- tetraparesis. Relevant gymnastic exercises it is possible to strengthen the motor skills of children with disabilities, increase the level of control over the actions performed.

Exercises that improve motor activity:

Starting position - sitting on the heels. An adult conducting exercise therapy puts his palms on his shoulders, then holds the child in the hip area, gradually pushing him to kneel.
At first, the child sits on his lap. Holding him in the armpit, you should start moving from side to side so that he learns to independently transfer body weight to one leg. He tries to tear off the second leg from the fulcrum and spread his arms to the sides.
It is necessary to turn to face the child sitting on a chair. An adult fixes his legs on the floor with his own and takes his hands. Hands stretch forward and up, so the patient with cerebral palsy learns to stand up on his own.
Starting position - standing, feet are placed in one line (one after the other). It is necessary in turn to lightly push the small patient in the back, then in the chest. Such actions will teach him to maintain balance.
Starting position - standing. Holding the child by the hand, you need to rock it different sides so that he can try to walk on his own.

The position is lying on the back, next to a wall or other support. We must try to press our feet on a hard surface, training the ability to stand firmly on the ground.

Exercises to strengthen joints

With cerebral palsy, various articular pathologies, cramps and joint pain are often encountered. Exercises needed for their development:

The exercise is performed lying down. One leg needs to be straightened and fixed, the other should be gradually bent at the knee. If possible, the thigh should be pressed to the stomach, then taken back.
Being on your side and keeping your knee bent, you need to start slowly retracting the thigh.
It is necessary to lean against the table with your stomach so that your legs can hang freely, then gradually straighten them.
The starting position is on the back. First you need to bend the knee, then, as far as possible, straighten it.
The starting position is lying on the stomach, a roller is placed under the chest. Holding the patient by the arms, you need to lift upper part body, slightly abruptly making springy movements.
The arm of the child lying on his back must be bent so that his face remains turned in the same direction. Then the limb bends when turning the head to the other side.

Strengthening the abdominal muscles

Within the framework of exercise therapy, classes are held that develop and strengthen a group of muscles located in the abdominal cavity:

The child needs to be put on his knees, pressing his back to his chest, after that you need to bend over with him. In the next step, the legs and pelvis of the little patient are fixed so that he can stand up on his own.
Starting position - lying on your back, arms pressed to the body. Making swing movements and not helping yourself with your hands, you should try to roll onto your stomach and back.
Lying on your back, inhale and exhale with the retraction of the abdomen as you exhale.

Stretch improvement

Stretching and flexibility exercises help to achieve the following results:

the degree of severity of pathologies of the back of the spine decreases;
condition improves spinal cord and spinal nerve endings;
the muscles of the limbs are strengthened.

Sitting on the floor, you need to straighten your legs, while the body should form a right angle with them. Inhaling, stretch your arms in front of you. Exhaling, you must try to bend down to reach your toes with your hands. An adult can help by lowering the body even more so that the forehead also touches the legs.

Starting position - on the stomach, arms extended along the body. Emphasis is placed on the palms, with a gradual rise in the chest. It is important to make sure that the head is thrown back, and the breathing is even.

Lying on your back, legs, without bending at the knees, connect and rise above your head. You need to try to get the floor above the crown with your toes. Hands should not be torn off the floor.

From a sitting position on the floor, you need to bend your right leg so that the heel reaches the left thigh. The left foot should be on the right side of the other knee joint.

The right hand is transferred around the left knee, she needs to hold the left leg. After performing these actions, the left hand is removed behind the back to the other side of the waist. In this case, the head turns to the left side, an inclination is made to touch the chin to the left shoulder. The right knee remains pressed to the floor.

Relaxation exercises

There are exercises for the upper and lower limbs:

To give rest to the upper limbs, you need to lie down, then fix the head, arm and leg on one side using weighting agents, for example, sandbags.
The free arm is bent at the elbow joint, the forearm is held by an adult doing gymnastics. The hand should be fixed until the muscle tone decreases, after which the hand is shaken, then it must be alternately bent, rotated and moved to the side.
In the prone position, the fixed arms and legs are in contact with the abdomen. The adult holds the shins, moving the legs at the hip joint. After fixing one leg, you should perform circular motions, trying to pull the leg. Legs need to be alternated.

Breathing exercises

You need to perform all the actions while lying on your back, sitting down some time later, then move on to a standing position. Breathing exercises:

The child needs to be shown how to take a deep breath and exhale through the nose and mouth. You can inflate balloons, rubber toys, soap bubbles.
Different vowel sounds are pronounced with different loudness. You can alternate with singing and playing wind instruments.
At the count of times, the arms are stretched up, a breath is taken, at the count of two, the arms are down and exhaled. The exercise will be more difficult if the head is immersed in water as you exhale.

Game exercises

Such elements of exercise therapy help maintain interest in the lesson, at the same time contributing to relaxation. Game elements of exercise therapy:

Tower destroyer. For this game, special soft modules or ordinary pillows can be used. If a child is able to build a tower, he does it himself, if not, adults help him. The main task is to destroy the tower.

Better get out. Again need pillows. This time the child is lying on the gymnastic mat, the adult puts about 6 pillows on him and explains that on the count of three he needs to free himself.

Folding knife. Starting position - the position of the embryo. The command is given: “the knife opens”: at the same time, you need to pull your arms up and your legs down, remaining on your side. The action is performed at a measured pace. Then the "knife" must be folded. Slowly, the arms are pulled to the chest, and the legs to the stomach. "Knife" is complicated. The exercise is repeated three times on each side.

Sausage. The starting position is lying on your back. The adult gently grabs the baby's ankles and begins to slowly turn the child in different directions. Gradually the pace picks up.

Lion on the hunt. Good for group lessons. Children sit on their heels with emphasis on their knees around a large soft module (you can purchase a special one or use gymnastic mats as an “island”). An adult tells a short story about a lion: “There was a lion in the world. He was brave and agile, and he also liked hunting. He waited in an ambush for prey so that no one could see him (children should, without straining, group themselves, resting their heads on their palms, pressed to their knees). Then he quietly crept (they show how the lion sharpens its claws and stretches its back) and jumped (they rise on their hands, helping themselves with their legs, and fall on a soft surface).

It is impossible to say in advance exactly when improvements will come. Much depends on the degree of damage and how strongly the spastic syndrome manifests itself. To achieve a significant reduction in the manifestations of cerebral palsy, exercise therapy with such children should be done regularly, observing gradualness and listening to the personal needs of each of them.

- a pathological condition that is associated with weakness of certain muscles. The main reason for this is a violation of the connections between muscle fibers and the nervous system. Moreover, paresis is not an independent disease, but a consequence of any pathology, for example, a stroke, spinal cord injury or injury.

Therefore, it should be understood that the treatment of paresis should never be carried out separately from the treatment of the disease that caused this condition. Along with exercise therapy, with paresis of the lower extremities, the doctor prescribes medication, massage and physiotherapy.

Basic exercises

The exercises performed will depend on which muscles are damaged. However, there are a number of universal exercises that all patients with this diagnosis can perform.

Lying on your back. Raise your right leg and inhale, lower your right leg and exhale. Do the same movements with the other leg.
Also on the back. Bend one leg at the knee and pull it as hard as possible in the chest. Stay in this position for a while, then extend your leg. Repeat also with the other leg.
Lying on your back. Draw circles in the air, first with one foot, then with the other.
Raising and lowering legs with the help of a block. It is important to control your breathing. When lifting the legs, inhale, and when returning to the starting position, exhale.
On the back. Turning the body to the right or left side with throwing the leg opposite to the turn to the side.
Imitate swimming - make movements with your legs as if in water when swimming with a breaststroke.
Lying on your back. Raise your leg and draw a circle in the air with your toe. After that, repeat with the other leg.
Lying on your back, bend and unbend your toes. In this case, one must try to follow the sequence, that is, first bend the fifth finger, then the fourth, then the third, second and first. When unbending, it is desirable to spread the toes.
Lying on your back. Pull the feet towards you. You can do it in turn, or you can do it with both legs at the same time.
Rotate your feet left and right. Can be done both lying down and sitting.
Bend and unbend the legs at the knee.
Lying on your back. Pull the foot of the right foot towards you, the foot of the left foot - away from you.

Do all exercises very slowly, if you feel unwell, it is better to cancel all classes. To perform passive movements, you need to use additional devices. It may also require the assistance of an instructor. The total duration of classes should not be more than 15 - 20 minutes, for weakened patients and bedridden patients - no more than 10 minutes. Each exercise should be repeated 3-4 times. In this case, the patient should not experience fatigue, shortness of breath, or other signs that may adversely affect his health.

When to perform

The peculiarity of exercise therapy is that you can perform exercises at almost any time of the day. It could be morning exercises, which has a significant positive effect on the body. Moreover, if the patient cannot get out of bed, he can perform them lying down.

It can be an independent lesson, which is also carried out at home.

These can be classes in specialized exercise therapy centers, under the supervision of an instructor. In this case, the first will be breathing exercises, then the main, and the final part, which includes relaxation exercises.

It can be dosed walking on fresh air, or dosed ascents and descents along specially laid routes.

Contraindications

Not always with paresis of the limbs, exercise therapy can be prescribed. This procedure, like many others related to human health, has its own contraindications, which must be remembered.

So, for example, the main contraindications should be considered the lack of contact with the patient due to certain mental disorders. Classes can not be carried out with infectious diseases and intoxications. It should also be postponed for the duration of the exercise and when the patient complains of pain.

Other contraindications include:

or risk of thrombosis.
Embolism or risk of embolism.
Bleeding or the threat of its occurrence.
Increased body temperature.
Increased ESR.
High blood pressure, especially when the numbers are 200 over 120 and above.
All malignant neoplasms.
Metastases.

This means that before you start exercising, you must always consult with a specialist.

The term "cerebral palsy" is commonly understood as a whole group of diseases.

With perinatal damage, some muscles undergo spasm, as a result of which the child loses the ability to sit and walk. In violation of the cortical structures, many children have problems with mental development.

To be effective, it must necessarily be comprehensive. When doing therapeutic exercises, the brain, as it were, learns the correct movement of the muscles of the body and limbs, which ultimately forces it to regulate the regulation of this process.

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Importance of physical activity

Therapeutic gymnastics with such a diagnosis is very important, because it helps to solve such problems:

produces a restorative and healing effect on the body, which helps to restore its performance;
normalizes blood circulation and metabolism in the affected area, which allows you to fully or partially cope with metabolic and neurovascular disorders;
prevents the appearance of adhesions between the nerve sheaths and nearby tissues;
if adhesions are already present, thanks to special exercises, it is possible to form the replacement fitness of normal tissues for such formations;
strengthens the weak muscle tissue;
develops coordination of movements;
helps to cope with concomitant pathologies - for example, curvature and impaired mobility of the spine.

Of course, there are no treatments that help restore brain disorders. But if you practice in accordance with a properly designed program, an intact nervous system has the ability to perform its functions.

Exercise therapy programs are a very important part of the comprehensive rehabilitation of such children. The specialist must analyze in detail the condition of each child and, on the basis of this, select a complex that will help stimulate his motor activity.

Children with this diagnosis have a lack of perceptual power. To deal with this problem, you need to perform special exercises. In this case, the training program includes movements that help develop tactile and visual sensations.

Also, the task of therapeutic exercises is to reduce primitive reflexes, to form the ability to maintain one's body. Of no small importance is also the increase in motor strength and the implementation of rhythmic movements.

Examples of exercise therapy exercises for cerebral palsy

Soon after determining the diagnosis, doctors recommend starting a course of physical exercise. It is important that the child does not have convulsions, and the indicators are within the normal range.

Rehabilitologists and neurologists select exercises that are aimed at:

prevention of muscle weakness that cannot work due to illness;
prevention of damage to non-working muscle tissue;
reducing muscle tension - this is done in order to prevent the development of contracture, in which the muscles are fixed in an abnormal position.

Training should be carried out every day, and the load should be increased gradually. The doctor-rehabilitator must necessarily monitor the condition of the child.

Complex exercise therapy exercises with cerebral palsy includes the following components:

position therapy - in this case, the limbs are fixed in special splints or splints;
muscle stretching - consists in swinging the limbs in all joints, and the amplitude should gradually increase;
muscle relaxation - while the arms and legs are alternately fixed in order to reduce the number of involuntary movements and weaken the increased tone;
walking;
exercises with the participation of muscle agonists and antagonists - involve flexion and extension of all joints, and this process is accompanied by muscle massage;
lifting on an inclined surface with the help of an instructor - this allows you to train the muscle tissue of the press and legs, and also helps to maintain balance;
endurance exercises.

If a child is diagnosed with spastic diplegia, exercises are used that are accompanied by continuous movement.

If he has an asthenic form of the disease, then all exercises should be short in time. In addition, you should definitely take breaks between them. The atonic form requires exercise to develop balance.

Support for motor functions

In this case, perform the following exercises:

The kid should sit on his heels	You need to stand in front of him and put his hands on your shoulders. Fixing the baby in the pelvic area, stimulate his attempt to kneel.
The child needs to kneel	It is necessary to support the baby under the armpits and move him in both directions. He must learn to transfer the weight of the body on one leg. In this case, the child must tear off the second limb from the floor, while spreading his arms to the sides.
The child needs to squat	You need to stand behind and press on your knees. Then gradually move the baby's body forward so that his knees straighten.
The child should sit on a chair	You need to stand facing the baby and with your feet press his legs to the floor, and also take his hands. Stretch your arms forward and up to make the child stand up on their own.
The child should stand up and put one leg forward	In turn, you should push the baby in the back and chest to teach him to keep balance.
The child must get up	You need to take his hand, pull and push in different directions to make him take a step.
The child needs to lie on his back and press his feet on a hard surface	Thanks to this exercise, it will be possible to improve the support ability.

joints

To normalize the work of the joints, you should do the following exercises:

The child needs to lie on his back.	One leg of the baby should be kept in the extension position, and the other should be gradually bent at the knee and hip joint. If possible, the thigh should be brought to the stomach, and then slowly take it to the side.
The baby needs to lie on its side and slowly move the hip	The knee should be bent while doing this.
The child should lie on his stomach on the edge of the table and hang his legs down	He should gradually unbend the limbs.
The baby should lie on his back	First bend the knee, and then straighten the leg as much as possible.
The child needs to lie on his stomach, and place a roller under his chest	It is necessary to lift it by straightened arms and, making small jerks, perform springy extensor movements. upper region body.
The child needs to lie on his back.	The baby's arm should be bent so that his face is turned in the direction of this limb. Then bend, turning your head to the other side.

Abdominal muscles

To strengthen the abdominal muscles, the following exercises are useful:

To consolidate the results, be sure to do stretching exercises:

The child should sit on the floor and stretch their legs forward so that the torso is at a right angle.	Hands should be placed in front of you and inhale. On exhalation, the body must be bent forward so that the palms reach the toes. The torso should be tilted more and more so that the forehead touches the legs. By using this exercise you can make the spine more flexible and cope with the stiffness of the back muscles. Also, thanks to this, it will be possible to normalize blood circulation and the work of the spinal nerves.
The child should lie on his back and stretch his arms along the body	Then you should lean on your palms and gradually lift up chest. The torso from the waist to the feet should touch the support. The head should be thrown back, and the legs should be together. It is important to monitor breathing - it should be deep and slow. Thanks to this, throughout the spine it is possible to increase the tone of muscle tissue and ligamentous apparatus. The work of the nerve trunks and blood vessels is also significantly improved.
The child should lie on his back, put his feet together	Straight legs should be raised above the head, hands should be placed on the floor, while the knees do not need to be bent. The kid should try to reach with his fingertips to the floor above his head. Then you can slowly return to the starting position. Such an exercise is useful to perform not only for the spinal cord and spine - it perfectly works out the muscles of the limbs.
The child should sit on the floor and bend the right leg so that the heel reaches the left thigh	Then the left foot should be placed on the floor on the right side of the right knee, and the right hand should be moved around the left knee and fix the foot of the left foot with it. Then place the left hand behind the back in the direction of the right side of the waist. In this case, the head should be turned to the left and tilted so as to reach the left shoulder with the chin. It is important to ensure that the right knee does not come off the floor. With this exercise, back defects can be corrected. Toddlers should perform it with the participation of adults who help fix the initial position.

Muscles of the trunk and neck

To strengthen the muscle tissue of the neck and body, you should do the following exercises:

The child should lie on his back	It is necessary to hold the baby's body on both sides and gently rock his torso from side to side. It is important to ensure that the child does not resist. After that, holding the baby's head, gently shake it, replacing swaying with head turns.
The child should lie on the right side, place the right hand under the head, and stretch the left along the body.	Then you should gently push the baby so that he falls on his stomach or back. At the same time, it is important that he maintains his original position, and you can relax your muscles and fall only on a signal.
The child should sit in a chair, put his hands on the armrests, lower his head to his chest	With the help of an adult, you need to perform passive tilts and turns of the head, bend and unbend the neck. In this case, the baby should not resist.

It is important that the child fixes the head when performing passive movements, after which it actively relaxes the muscles so that the head seems to fall on the chest.

Breath Correction

To improve the breathing process, you need to do the following exercises:

The child should be shown how to inhale deeply and exhale through the nose and mouth, and then invite him to exhale into his palm or a thin sheet of paper. It is also very useful to blow bubbles or inflate toys.
To improve the functioning of the respiratory system, you should teach the baby to exhale sounds with different volumes. Singing, playing the harmonica, whistling helps a lot.
The child should take a breath at the expense of "1, 2, 3" and raise his hands up. Then exhale to the count of “4, 5, 6” and lower your hands at the same time. You can also lower your head into the water and exhale.

facial expressions

It is very important for children with this diagnosis to learn to recognize the feelings of other people. Thanks to this, it will be possible to correctly respond to negative emotions, which will ensure mental comfort and physical health.

It is necessary to teach the baby to imitate different emotions in order to subsequently be able to distinguish them in everyday life.

By using facial muscles he must carry out the discharge of emotions. This is the main task of psycho-gymnastics.

Emotions

To train emotions, perform the following exercises:

interest, attention	You need to show the baby how the fox eavesdrops or the dog sniffs, and then ask him to repeat what he saw.
Suffering	Show the baby how the stomach hurts or the baby is crying. Then you can ask him to repeat.
Anger	Ask the child to show how angry mom or dad is.
Disgust	Ask the child to imagine that he needs to drink salt water.
Joy, pleasure	You need to ask the baby to show how the cat behaves when it is stroked. It is also worth asking to smile, imagining that Santa Claus came and brought sweets.
Fear	Ask the kid to imagine how the bunny lost his house.
Guilt and shame	Invite the child to remember how he lost his mother's favorite thing, and ask for forgiveness.

In a swimming pool

Water procedures can be used for physical recovery children with this diagnosis. Everyone knows that water promotes excellent muscle relaxation, helps to stabilize muscle tone, fills with energy. Thanks to such activities, you can weaken the effect of stressful situations and cope with depression.

A special effect can be achieved with a combination of therapeutic exercises and stay in the water. This method is called hydrokinesitherapy. It includes the performance of certain exercises in the water, classes game types sports, underwater massage.

Excellent results can be achieved when a baby swims in a dolphinarium, because dolphins have a pronounced therapeutic effect on such children.

Rehabilitation

In order for the rehabilitation of children with this diagnosis to be as successful as possible, parents should definitely use special simulators. Even if the baby's spastic limb syndrome is not very pronounced, close attention should be paid to its correction.

The sooner the problem is identified and home rehabilitation is started, the easier it is to correct the consequences of cerebral palsy.

In addition to drug therapy, such children need massage and the use of special simulators.

The first simulators

To increase efficiency, you need to purchase special simulators for your baby:

Rug with bumpy surface	First, the child needs to be laid out for several minutes on the back and stomach. You can also massage the limbs on it - for this you should rest the baby's heels on the surface or help him touch the tubercles with his hands. Ordinary rugs in the form of a heel equipped with plastic spikes are also perfect for such children. It is enough to put such devices near the baby's crib and every morning you need to offer the child to walk on them. The positive effect of such training is obvious - there are quite a lot of nerve endings in the human heel. In addition, it normalizes blood circulation in the legs. To harmonize physical and intellectual development, mom can make a multi-colored cover for a massage mat. It can be depicted with beautiful patterns and pictures. Thanks to this, it will be possible not only to improve the health of the baby, but also to arouse his cognitive interest.
Expander	For babies, you can make a rattle from a dense material. It can be filled with buckwheat or rice. Such a simulator will help develop a grasping reflex and eliminate spasticity of the fingers.
Jumpers and walkers	Of no small importance for the recovery of the child is the use of jumpers and walkers. In this case, it is necessary to remember the strength of materials and the stability of all devices. Since babies with cerebral palsy have poor coordination, plastic walkers that are unstable can be dangerous. Jumpers for children with such a diagnosis should be equipped with an orthopedic insert, wall mount and durable fastex. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the use of jumpers and walkers for such children is an ambiguous issue. Some doctors believe that the baby will have enough simulators for support and pushing. This is due to the fact that the skills that a child acquires with the help of a walker are very different from the norm, so there may be a need to retrain the baby. However, the parents must make the final decision.

Sports and household

Of no small importance for the recovery of children with cerebral palsy is a pool filled with plastic balls. Experts advise using exclusively solid materials as the basis. It is important to consider that inflatable options or tents are absolutely not suitable.

An excellent solution would be a frame made of a chipboard sheet, which needs to be sheathed with padding polyester and fabric. The role of the base can be performed by a massage mat with tubercles.

All the simulators that are needed to restore impaired functions can be done independently. For example, it is quite possible to hang an elastic band from the ceiling, which will help develop strength and coordination of movements. It can also act as a vertical walking lock.

Personal trainers deserve special attention, which contain stretch marks, splints, orthopedic shoes and supports in an upright position. Such devices are made individually in orthopedic workshops based on the prescription of the attending physician.

To work out the tactile activity of the fingers, relief paintings are perfect. Great option become wooden toys or rough wallpaper. To train the initial functions of walking, you can use themed carpets and special massage paths.

It is very important to keep the child interested in activities. Therefore, the training process should be presented in the form of a game.

If a child does not succeed or feels pain, there is a risk that he will refuse to make an effort. It is very important for parents to persuade the child to continue the lesson.

To ensure normal coordination of movements, you should use comfortable furniture with various recesses and tacks.

Swedish wall and Gross simulator

Gross simulator

A system that provides organic support for a variety of exercises. In this device, you can not fall or take the wrong position. Since the simulator provides reliable fixation, it is possible to correct the curvature of the spine and pelvis of the baby.
Thanks to this device, the child can learn to walk, do special exercises and even ride a bicycle. The soft helmet protects the head from impacts, and the design promotes the development of the musculoskeletal system. Without this, it is difficult to imagine the full intellectual development of the baby.
The Gross simulator can be used in the process of training on the rings. It is used for insurance and ensures the normal position of the spine.
It can also be used to teach your baby to sit or crawl. It allows you to do gymnastics on special devices.

Swedish wall

Such simulators can be wooden or metal. They are equipped with hanging ladders, rings, a counterweight system.
It is very important for children with such a diagnosis to exercise on such simulators, since they contribute to the development of coordination of movements, help to cope with spastic phenomena and the consequences of paresis.

Children's paralysis of the central nervous system or cerebral palsy is formed against the background of damage various departments brain and causes a disorder of motor functions in a child. Atonic-astatic form of cerebral palsy is one of the most severe types of the disease. Today, doctors do not have effective remedies for the treatment of serious disorders in the functioning of the nursery, but some techniques can reduce negative manifestations. These include medical treatment.

The importance of exercise therapy in cerebral palsy

The child goes down into the pool, takes his hands overboard. The legs are alternately laid back (5 times each). Then leg extensions are made to the sides 10 times.
Turning his back to the side, the baby clings to him with his hands, lifts his legs up and spreads them to the sides. Do this 10 times.
Having laid the patient with his back on the water, it is necessary to let him grab the side. Mom puts her hands behind the baby's back. Starts lifting both legs up (10 times), spreading them to the sides (10 times), crossing the legs (“scissors” 10 times).
Turn the patient over on his stomach, let him hold his hands over the side, and you support him by the stomach. Do alternating leg raises 5 times, then parting to the sides 10 times, and bending at the knees of each limb 5 times.
Having pressed the child with his back to the pool, ask him to take a sitting position. Then he must twist the “bicycle” with his legs in the water.

Additional simulators

To harmonize intellectual and physical development children with cerebral palsy must be used, which you can buy or do it yourself. The bumpy rug is perfect for therapeutic massage and physical education, improve blood circulation in the limbs. Mats are sold in specialized pharmacies different sizes: separately for the foot, for the whole body. A rug can be placed near the baby's crib so that in the morning he can walk on it.

To eliminate spasticity of the fingers, which is often observed in patients with cerebral palsy, sew a bag and fill it with cereals (rice, buckwheat). Such a homemade expander will prepare your hands for grasping and manipulating objects. So you get a wonderful one. Useful for the limbs of the baby and classes with jumpers and walkers.

Note!

You should not buy a plastic walker for a patient with cerebral palsy, they are unstable and can harm the child.

Brain diseases that develop in babies require patience and perseverance from parents so that the life of the child is happy and rich. Of course, there can be no question of a complete cure, but the exercise therapy complexes that are created for such children can achieve a lot. They raise physical ability children and make life easier for parents. Class programs are compiled individually, but with their regular implementation, they provide a common success for all.

Video - An unusual exercise for children with cerebral palsy

How often lately can one hear that someone has been diagnosed with "vegetative-vascular dystonia". What is this disease? The reason is a disorder of neuroendocrine regulation of the activity of the cardiovascular system. Unfortunately, the symptoms of the disease are diverse. Palpitations, an increase or decrease in blood pressure, pallor, sweating are disorders of the cardiovascular system. Nausea, lack of appetite, difficulty swallowing - malfunctions of the digestive system. Shortness of breath, tightness in the chest - respiratory disorders. All of these disorders are a breakdown in the interaction between the vascular and autonomic systems. But most often dystonia develops with a disorder of cardiovascular activity. And neuropsychic exhaustion, acute and chronic infectious diseases, lack of sleep and overwork contribute to this.

Systemic vegetative-vascular dystonias proceed according to the hyper- and hypotensive type. The first type is characterized by small and infrequent rises in blood pressure within 140/90 mm Hg. Art., fatigue, sweating, increased heart rate, etc.

The second type is hypotensive. Arterial pressure is characterized by a pressure of 100/60 mm Hg. Art., and in this case dizziness, weakness, increased fatigue, drowsiness, a tendency to fainting are noted.

Since vegetative-vascular dystonia can be observed in adolescence and youth, the prevention of this disease must begin at an early stage. This concerns the organization of a rational mode of work and rest.

Have you been diagnosed with "vegetative-vascular dystonia"? That's not fatal. Compliance with all doctor's prescriptions, regimen, avoidance of traumatic factors have a beneficial effect on the treatment process. On a par with the drug treatment of this disease are non-drug treatments: hardening procedures, physiotherapy, balneotherapy, certain sports, as well as physical education.

A very good effect is achieved by exercising in the pool. But dosed physiotherapy exercises have no less effect, since it increases the activity of the most important organs and systems that are involved in the pathological process. Physiotherapy perfectly increases efficiency, balances the processes of excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system.

An approximate set of general developmental exercises for vegetative-vascular dystonia

Exercise 1. Starting position - lying on your back. Hands to the sides, in the right hand tennis ball. Pass the ball to your left hand. Return to starting position. Look at the ball. Repeat 10-12 times.

Exercise 2. Starting position - lying on your back. Hands to the side. Perform cross movements with straight arms in front of you. Repeat for 15-20 s. Follow hand movements. arbitrary.

Exercise 3. Starting position - lying down. Hands forward. Swing with the right foot to the left hand. Return to starting position. Do the same with the left foot. Repeat 6-8 times. Look at the toe of the foot. The move is fast.

Exercise 4. Starting position - lying on your back. In hand basketball. Leg swing - get the ball. Repeat with each leg 6 times.

Exercise 5. Starting position - lying on your back. In the raised right hand is a tennis ball. Make circles clockwise, then counterclockwise. Return to starting position. Repeat with the left hand. Look at the ball. Run 10-15 seconds.

Exercise 6. Starting position - sitting on the floor. Hands on the back. Straight legs are raised slightly above the floor. Make cross movements with your legs, right on top, then change legs. Don't hold your breath. Look at the toe of the foot. Run 10-15 seconds.

Exercise 7. Starting position - sitting on the floor. Hands on the back. Mahi with straight legs alternately. The amplitude is high. Run 10-15 seconds.

Exercise 8. Starting position - sitting on the floor. Swing your legs to the sides. Alternately repeat 6-8 times with each leg.

Exercise 9. Starting position - sitting on the floor. Hands on the back. Take the right leg to the right until it stops. Return to starting position. Do the same with your left foot. Make movements slowly. Repeat 6-8 times.

Exercise 10. Starting position - sitting on the floor. Hands on the back. Slightly raise the right leg and draw a circle in the air clockwise, then against. Initial position. Repeat the same with the left leg. Repeat 6-8 times with each leg.

Exercise 11. Starting position - sitting on the floor. Emphasis with hands - raise both legs above the floor and make circular movements in one direction, then in the other. Run 10-15 seconds.

Exercise 12. Starting position - standing. In hand gymnastic stick. Raise the stick above your head - bend in the lower back - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale. Repeat 8-10 times.

Exercise 13. Starting position - standing. Hands lowered, in the hands of a gymnastic stick. Sit down, raise the stick up above your head - inhale. Return to the starting position - exhale. Repeat 6-8 times.

Exercise 14. Starting position - standing. Dumbbells in lowered hands. Hands to the sides - inhale, lower - exhale. Repeat 8-10 times.

Exercise 15. Starting position - the same. Raise your arms at shoulder level, to the sides. Make circular motions with your hands. The pace is slow. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 16. Starting position - standing. Dumbbells in lowered hands. Raise hands alternately. Repeat 6-8 times.

Special exercises (performed in pairs)

Exercise 1. Passing the ball from the chest to a partner standing at a distance of 5-7 m. Repeat 12-15 times.

Exercise 2. Passing the ball to a partner from behind from behind the head. Repeat 10-12 times.

Exercise 3. Passing the ball to a partner with one hand from the shoulder. Repeat with each hand 7-8 times.

Exercise 4. Throw the ball up with one hand, catch it with the other. Repeat 7-8 times.

Exercise 5. Hit the ball with force on the floor. Let him bounce and try to catch with one hand, then the other. Repeat 6-8 times.

Exercise 6. Throwing a tennis ball into the wall from 5-8 m. Repeat 10-15 times.

Exercise 7. Throwing the ball into the basketball hoop with one hand from a distance of 3-5 m, then with two. Repeat 10-12 times.

Exercise 8. Throwing a tennis ball at a target. Repeat 10-12 times.

Exercise 9. Starting position - sitting on a chair. Lower your head (assuming the fetal position) and take a calm, deep breath.

Exercise therapy for paresis and paralysis

Paralysis and paresis are a consequence of damage to the spinal cord that occurs with spinal injuries. The most common cause of spinal injuries are compression fractures of the vertebral bodies. At the same time, wedging takes place rear surface vertebral bodies into the anterior spinal cord, which leads to its compression without destruction of the medulla or with destruction, up to a complete anatomical break as a result of the introduction of bone fragments into the substance of the brain. Depending on the area of damage to the spinal cord, either upper limbs, or both upper and lower at the same time, with paralysis of the respiratory muscles and anesthesia of the whole body. With timely elimination of compression, in contrast to the anatomical break, these phenomena are reversible.

We do not set ourselves the task of telling about all stages of the treatment of paralysis and paresis, since the book is not a manual for doctors. One of the stages of treatment and restoration of the health of such patients is therapeutic gymnastics, which is quite effective tool in the prevention of atrophy, strengthening and development of the muscular system. Approach to therapeutic gymnastics for this category of patients, it should be differentiated and focused directly on the degree of compensation of the patient, the type of paralysis and the timing of the injury. Depending on the severity of the case, this happens on the 3-5-12th day after the injury. The first gymnastics lessons in a patient with a fracture of the spine of the lumbar or thoracic region consist of light movements of the head, arms and legs and in training correct breathing. All movements should be carried out without sharp muscular tension.

When performing exercises in paralyzed limbs, some relief positions should be used, as well as various devices.

We would like to note that in the early period of illness, classes should be conducted only with an instructor, since such patients need constant help from a health worker. Then, in the chronic and residual stages, the patient must work on his own. Mobilizing gymnastics contributes to the improvement of all general physiological processes, therefore, we do not see any contraindications for its implementation. This gymnastics is necessary for the patient at all stages of rehabilitation.

A set of exercises for patients with spastic paresis and paralysis (acute stage of the early period of traumatic disease of the spinal cord)

All exercises are performed lying on your back.

Exercise 1. Strong inhalation of air with expansion of the chest. Long deep breath. On exhalation, retract the stomach, on inhalation - protrude.

Exercise 2. Take a deep breath, bring the shoulder blades together, relax the shoulder blades - exhale.

Exercise 3. Hands along the body. Slide your palms along the body up - inhale, down - exhale.

Exercise 4. Inhale - bend your arms in elbow joints, exhale - unbend.

Exercise 5. Move your legs apart - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale.

Exercise 6. Raise the straight right leg - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale, repeat the same with the left leg.

Exercise 7. Bend the right leg at the knee and pull it towards the chest - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale. Repeat the same with the left leg.

Exercise 8. Spread your arms to the sides - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale.

Exercise 9. Raise your hands up, take them behind your head - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale.

Exercise 10. Bend the right arm at the elbow, pull it to the shoulder, the left straight arm - inhale, bend the left arm, pull it to the shoulder, straighten the right arm - exhale.

Exercise 11. Raise your right leg and draw a circle in the air with your foot - inhale, return to the starting position, repeat everything with your left foot.

Exercise 12. We count the fingers. Use your thumb to touch your fingers and count. Perform the exercise first with the right hand, then with the left.

Exercise 13. Fingering as if playing the piano or working on a typewriter.

Exercise 14. Rest on the forearms and raise the pelvis - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale.

A set of exercises for patients with flaccid paresis and paralysis (acute stage of the early period)

Exercise 1. Raise your hands up - inhale, lower - exhale.

Exercise 2. Take dumbbells. Bend and unbend your arms while holding dumbbells. The exercise is done with effort.

Exercise 3. Raise the dumbbells, on outstretched arms - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale.

Exercise 4. Lean on shoulder joints and raise the pelvis - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale.

Exercise 5. Raise and lower your legs with the help of a block and traction. Raise your legs - inhale. Return to the starting position - exhale.

Exercise 6. Bending the legs at the knees and hip joints with the help of a block and traction.

Exercise 7. Turning the body to the right side with throwing the leg over the left leg. Then turn the body to the left with throwing the left leg over the right.

Exercise 8. Relying on the forearms. Bend in the thoracic region ("bridge").

Exercise 9. Hand movements. Imitate the movements of the breaststroke style of swimming.

Exercise 10. Hand movement - boxing imitation.

Exercise 11. Leg movements - imitation of swimming on the back.

Exercise 12. Raise your leg and in the air draw a circle with your toe. Change the position of the legs.

Exercise 13. Put one hand on the chest, the other on the stomach. Inhale - inflate the stomach, exhale - retract.

Exercise 14. In the hands of an expander. Stretch in front of the chest. Stretch - inhale, return to the starting position - exhale.

Exercise 15. Extend and bring the elbows of the hands behind the head. Bring your elbows together - inhale, spread - exhale.

Exercise 16. Stretch the expander with arms extended forward.

Exercise 17. Stretch the expander over your head.

Exercises are done in slow pace. If you feel unwell, you should not cancel classes, you just need to reduce the dosage. To perform passive exercises, blocks, hammocks, loops are used, for strength exercises- dumbbells, expanders. The duration of classes should not exceed 15-20 minutes, in debilitated patients 10-12. Repeat exercises from 3-4 times to 5-7 times.

Exercise therapy after a stroke

A stroke is an acute violation of the coronary circulation. This disease is the third leading cause of death. Unfortunately, a stroke is a very severe and extremely dangerous vascular lesion of the central nervous system. It is caused by a violation of cerebral circulation. More often than others, the elderly suffer from this disease, although recently this disease has begun to overtake the young. jumps in blood pressure, overweight, atherosclerosis, overwork, alcohol and smoking - all these factors can cause spasm of cerebral vessels.

Conventionally, a stroke is divided into cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. So, young people most often have a cerebral infarction, that is, a hemorrhagic stroke. The elderly are overtaken by the so-called ischemic stroke, which is caused by a violation of the oxygen supply to nerve cells. This disease is characterized by a much more severe course and more serious complications.

Hemorrhagic stroke is a complication of hypertension. It usually occurs after a busy day at work. Nausea, vomiting and severe headache- the first signs of hemorrhagic stroke. Symptoms come on suddenly and escalate rapidly. Speech, sensitivity and coordination of movements change, the pulse is rare and intense, fever is possible. The person turns red, sweat comes out and there is a kind of blow in the head. Loss of consciousness is already a stroke. From a ruptured vessel, blood enters the brain tissue, which is fraught with a fatal outcome.

External signs of hemorrhagic stroke: increased pulsation of blood vessels in the neck, hoarse and loud breathing. Sometimes vomiting may occur. Eyeballs sometimes begin to deviate to the affected side. Possible paralysis of the upper and lower extremities on the opposite side of the affected area.

Ischemic stroke does not develop so rapidly. The ailments that can be observed during this period in a patient can last for several days. The blow most often happens either at night or in the morning. And if ischemia is not caused by a thrombus or atherosclerotic plaque (embolus), which can be brought with the bloodstream, then the onset of the disease is quite calm. The patient may not lose consciousness and, feeling a deterioration in health, consult a doctor. Signs of "strike": the face is pale, the pulse is soft and moderately rapid. However, paralysis of the limbs on either side may soon occur, depending on the area of brain damage.

Despite such calmness, the consequences are quite severe. The part of the brain deprived of blood dies and cannot perform its functions. And this, depending on which part of the brain is affected, leads to impaired speech and memory, coordination of movements and paralysis, recognition and even dumbness. The patient either speaks in separate words and phrases, or becomes completely dumb.

An experienced doctor can tell exactly which part of the brain is affected by a stroke based on certain symptoms, which makes it possible to predetermine the course of the disease and a possible prognosis. It includes three options: favorable, average and unfavorable. Lost functions and abilities are restored - this is the first case. The course of the disease is complicated by chronic diseases that have joined, which worsens and prolongs the course of the disease - this is the second option. The third option, as a rule, does not bode well. A large area of the brain is affected or the patient experiences repeated strokes. The probability of repeated strikes is very high and reaches 70%. The most critical days after the first strike are the 3rd, 7th and 10th.

Urgent hospitalization in a specialized neurological department is an indispensable condition for a stroke, since with a hemorrhagic stroke it is urgent to lower blood pressure and reduce cerebral edema, and in ischemic stroke it is necessary to take control of blood clotting.

Timely provision of medical care, attention associated with the general care of the patient, classes in therapeutic and regenerative gymnastics - these are the possibilities to bring the patient back to life. Not the last role in the victory of a stroke is played by the patient's awareness of his current condition. Negative emotions will not do you any good and can lead to a second hit, so focus on restoring health. Your goal is to restore mobility to the limbs. All together will help you restore health.

It is an important effective method of rehabilitation, since it affects various body systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal, nervous. She is also effective method in the recovery period.

Therapeutic gymnastics for a stroke is, in fact, physical exercise affecting motor and sensory functions. Not the last place in rehabilitation is occupied by breathing exercises. Its tasks are to improve pulmonary ventilation and train external respiration.

Breathing exercises are carried out for 3-6 minutes 8-12 times a day. Breathe deeply and evenly. If there is sputum, it must be coughed up. Breathing exercises are used with an extended inhalation and exhalation (diaphragmatic breathing).

IN motor complex exercises include exercises for small and medium muscle groups of the arms and legs, as well as movements in shoulder girdle. In case of severe disorders of the cardiovascular system and unstable blood pressure, as well as arrhythmias accompanied by heart failure, active breathing exercises are not recommended.

On early periods diseases and with insufficient activity of the patient, passive breathing exercises are used, which are carried out by an instructor of physiotherapy exercises.

The instructor stands on the side of the patient. His hands are located on the patient's chest, during the exhalation of the patient, he begins to squeeze his chest with a vibrating movement and adjusts to the patient's breathing, thereby activating exhalation. The degree of impact on the chest increases with each exhalation. Every 2-3 respiratory movements, the position of the health worker's hands on the patient's body changes. This increases irritation respiratory apparatus. Hands alternately placed on different areas chest and abdomen. The number of forced breathing exercises is 6-7, then the patient performs 4-5 normal cycles. Then the breathing exercise is repeated again. To get the best effect from breathing exercises it is desirable to carry it out 5-6 times a day. The duration is 10-15 minutes.

In a later period, the patient takes an active part in breathing exercises with a combination of semi-passive and active movements of the upper and lower extremities. In order to do breathing exercises correctly, it must be controlled. Hands should be placed one on the chest, the other on the stomach. We inhale calmly and smoothly.

Respiratory gymnastics complex for stroke survivors

Exercise 1. Inhale to do so, to feel how the stomach rises. The hand on the chest should remain motionless. This indicates that there is no chest breathing. Exhale more fully, so that the stomach seems to be drawn in.

Exercise 2. Inhale - the chest has risen, along with it the arm. The stomach does not rise. This indicates that there is no abdominal breathing. The exercise is performed calmly and slowly.

Exercise 3. Inhale with abdominal breathing, and then continue to breathe with your chest. Fill the chest as if to failure. Exhalation begins with the stomach, then chest exhalation follows. This exercise is called "full breathing".

Exercise 4. Inhale with significant tension of all respiratory muscles. Then take 2 calm breaths and exhalations.

Exercise 5. Repeat exercise 4.

Having mastered breathing exercises, you will help yourself and your body by doing a kind of ventilation of the lungs. This reduces the likelihood of pneumonia, congestion in the lungs and bronchi.

With a motor deficit - paresis - it is necessary to start with exercises, first of all, to overcome the resistance to movement. Thanks to regular classes the affected limbs will acquire greater mobility. At the same time, you will not only restore mobility to the limbs, but also strengthen them. Of great psychological importance for the patient is the ability to see how, with the help of simple, but purposeful and deliberate methods, the desired effect is achieved with little effort.

An approximate set of exercises to overcome resistance

Exercise 1. With a healthy hand - thumb and forefinger - squeeze the other hand. At the instructor’s command, make stepwise efforts “weakly, a little stronger, still, very strongly, maximally.”

Exercise 2. Then gradually teach the patient to hold a slice of bread, a comb and other small household items.

Exercise 3. Rotating the telephone dial, whipping soap suds, stirring with a spoon in a glass bring the patient closer to performing familiar and important skills.

In addition to such exercises, it is advisable to perform motor exercises under the supervision and with the help of an instructor.

Approximate set of motor exercises

All exercises are performed from a prone position.

Exercise 1. Movement with the hands without taking your hands off the bed. Raise the brush, lower the brush. If it is impossible to perform movements with a sore hand, then the help of an instructor is required. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 2. Circular movements with brushes. The exercise is performed at a slow pace.

Exercise 3. Lying down, bend and unbend your toes. Try to do this consistently, i.e. start bending from the little finger. When unbending, try to spread your fingers (the help of an instructor or relatives is useful).

Exercise 4. Pull the feet towards you. Return to starting position. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 5. Turn the feet to the sides: to the left - return to the starting position, then to the right, and vice versa.

Exercise 6. Without taking your head off the pillow, turn it to the right and left. The amplitude of movement depends on the degree of damage.

Exercise 7. Lying on the bed, put your hands with your palms up. Bend your fingers, trying to make a fist. Squeeze, squeeze.

Exercise 8. Hands lie on the bed. The fingers are closed. Spread your fingers, close your fingers.

Exercise 9. Hands lie on the bed. Bring the fingers into the cam of one hand, the second lies quietly. Then change hands (the instructor or relatives help to do the movement on the diseased limb).

Exercise 10 knee joint. The pace is slow.

Exercise 11. Give a tennis ball to the patient's hand. Squeeze the ball. With a healthy hand, do more repetitions, with a sick hand - if possible.

Simple and familiar to us everyday activities are quite difficult for the patient. The most difficult period is the early stages of recovery. But in order for the patient to learn, he needs the help of not only medical personnel, but also the active help of relatives.

Since the coordination of movements is impaired, among the exercises to increase the coordination of actions between two or more muscle groups there should be exercises to train balance in standing and walking. With small and medium lesions, patients are transferred to a vertical position from the 5-7th day.

As soon as the patient was put on his feet, you need to start training correct walking. To do this, he is taught to bend his lower leg. The methodologist sits next to the patient on a bench and helps him fix the thigh, creates an emphasis for him. As soon as the patient has mastered this, he is taught to bring the hip forward with simultaneous extension of the lower leg with the back flexion of the foot.

In the same period, the patient is taught accuracy and coordination of actions with his hands.

An approximate set of exercises for the development of fine motor skills of the hand

Exercise 1. Prick with a needle. Repeat 6-8 times with one hand, then with the other (if the patient is not able to grab the needle with the affected hand, the help of an instructor or relatives is necessary).

Exercise 2. Give the patient scissors. On command, he must shift them from hand to hand. The pace is slow.

Exercise 3. The patient has a pen in his hands. At the instructor's command, he should try to fix the position of the pen, as for writing.

Exercise 4. The patient folds his palms like a boat. The instructor lightly tosses him a tennis ball. The patient tries to pass the ball to the instructor with a bad hand (if it doesn't work, the ball is passed with a healthy one).

Exercise 5. Starting position - sitting on the bed. Bend one leg at the knee, then the other.

Exercise 6. Starting position - sitting on the bed. Do not take your feet off the floor, raise your socks, lower them. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 7. Starting position - sitting on the bed. Bend your arms at the elbows, straighten. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 8. Starting position - lying on the bed. Bend your arms at the elbows (with the elbows resting on the bed). Turning the closed hands towards you with your palm, away from you. Repeat 3-4 times.

Exercise 9. Starting position - lying on the bed. Hands in the same position as in the previous exercise. We make a cam with one hand, then with the other. Repeat 3-4 times.

Exercise 10. Starting position - lying on the bed. Hands in the position of exercise 8. Bend the hands (depict a "duck"). Turn your hands away from you, towards you. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 11. Starting position - lying down. Hands in exercise position 8. Make circular movements with your hands. Elbows are motionless, rest against the bed.

Exercise 12. Starting position - lying down. Bend your legs at the knees. Hands along the body. Place one leg on the bent knee of the other leg. Bend and unbend the lower leg of the "hanging" leg. Repeat 3-4 times. Then change the position of the legs.

Exercise 13. Starting position - standing by the bed and leaning on it. The instructor rolls the ball to the patient's leg. He must push him away.

Exercise 14. Starting position - standing by the bed and leaning on it. The instructor places a matchbox on the floor in front of the patient. Raise your leg just above the box and, as it were, step over it. Perform with one foot, then change the position of the legs.

Exercise 9. Starting position - sitting on the bed. The patient rolls the round block with the foot of the foot.

Self-service motor skills are one of the most important tasks in rehabilitation. Therefore, they need to teach the patient with the help of exercises of a special nature. Efficiency is achieved by a sequence of exercises, moving from simple to complex and gradually increasing the load.

Very effective in the rehabilitation of the patient are children's games with the ball, where there are exercises with the ball rebounding from the wall, from the floor, throws up and elements of football. All of these exercises help restore joint movement and muscle strength.

Approximate set of exercises

Exercise 1. Starting position - sitting on a chair or bed. Hands on knees. Head tilts forward and backward. Movements are indistinct. Repeat 3-4 times.

Exercise 2. Starting position - the same. Head tilts to the side. Repeat 3-4 times.

Exercise 3. Starting position - the same. Raise your arms in front of you and shake your hands. Then bend your elbows and shake them.

Exercise 4. Starting position - the same. Hands are extended in front of you. Fists clench, unclench. Spread your fingers as wide as possible. Repeat 3-4 times.

Exercise 5. Starting position - sitting on a chair. Grab your leg under your knee and lift it up with your hands. Repeat the same with the other leg. Repeat 3-4 times.

Exercise 6. Starting position - sitting on a chair. Stretch your arms out in front of you and lean forward slightly. Repeat 3-4 times.

Exercise 7. Starting position - sitting on a chair. Bend your arms at the elbows, put your hands on your shoulders. Pull your elbows towards each other.

Exercise 8. Starting position - lying on the bed. Bend your arms at the elbows. The palms are turned towards the patient's face. Lower your arms, turn your palms away from you. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 9. Starting position - lying down. Hands along the body. Bend one arm at the elbow and reach the shoulder with the hands. Change the position of the hands. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 10. Starting position - sitting on a chair. Raise your legs off the floor and cross your legs. Repeat 3-4 times.

Exercise 12. Starting position - lying on the bed. Pull the foot of one leg towards you, pull the other away from you. Repeat with a change of legs 3-4 times.

Exercise 13. Starting position - sitting on a chair. Hands on knees. Tilt your body to the right, then to the left. When changing positions, return to the starting position. Repeat 4-6 times.

Exercise 14. Starting position - sitting. Hands on the belt. Turn your body to the left, return to the starting position, then turn to the right. Repeat 4-6 times.

The pace of execution is slow. If you experience discomfort during execution, do not perform the exercise or perform it with a smaller range of motion.