The tactics of using classic ski moves in different parts of the distance. Ski racing tactics and hacks Ski racing tactics
The rational distribution of forces at a distance is one of the most important issues in the tactical training of a skier-racer. In the matter of improving the tactical skills of cross-country skiers, we conducted a study in which the task was to determine the efficiency of the distribution of forces of the participants in the competition, depending on their sports qualifications, terrain and meteorological conditions.
Depending on the preparedness, individual characteristics, track profile and external conditions, the participants of the competition pass the distances in the following ways:
1. With a relatively uniform speed over the entire distance.
2. With a relatively uniform speed for most of the distance and an increase in speed at the end.
3. With a relatively uniform speed for most of the distance with a deceleration at the end.
4. With a fast start, a slowdown in the distance and an acceleration at the end.
5. With a quick passage of the first half of the distance and a decrease in speed in the second.
6. With gain in the second half of the distance.
7. With a gradual decrease in speed.
8. With an increase in the speed of travel in certain sections of the distance (in jerks).
Based on the results of mathematical processing of the “layout” of forces by skiers on tracks of different lengths, it can be considered established that of the above options, riders mostly prefer the following: uniform distribution of forces over the entire distance (oscillation average speed not higher than 2-3%), an increase in the speed of movement in its individual sections (in jerks), a relatively weak start and an increase in speed in the second half of the distance, strong start(8-9% above average speed) and a relatively weak finish (5-6% below average speed). However, the last option, as V.D. Shaposhnikov, requires the skier to be highly trained and to develop the quality of speed.
It has been established that in most cases, skiers and skiers who took the first ten places in competitions cover distances (5, 10, 15 km) more evenly, although small fluctuations in speed (no more than 2-3% of the average intensity, or the so-called "optimal zone", according to G.P. Bogdanov and others) are found even among the strongest skiers. Athletes who take places in the following dozens cover the distance less evenly, i.e. start the race strongly (5-10% above average speed), and finish weakly. The reason for this uneven passage is that skiers misjudge their strength. Therefore, in competitions, they perform below their capabilities.
The ability to tactically correctly distribute their forces on race tracks is especially necessary for highly skilled ski racers, for whom victory or defeat in a race is often decided by one or two seconds gained or lost.
Rational options for the distribution of forces at distances should be chosen mainly on control training. In this case, it is mainly necessary to test the following options: a uniform distribution of forces over the entire distance, or an option with an increase in the speed in certain sections, or passing the first half of the distance faster than the second, and vice versa. The choice of an option should be determined by the degree of preparedness of the skier, the strength of rivals, knowledge of external conditions and the profile of the track.
The choice and testing of options for the distribution of forces should be made on different terrain. It is one thing to choose a variant of the distribution of forces when the competition track is laid on a slightly rugged terrain, it is quite another when it runs on a heavily rugged one. In addition, non-standard external conditions, different composition of participants in competitions, etc. involuntarily force the racer to change the established variant of the distribution of forces and thoughtfully, creatively treat his choice in a particular race. That is why the choice of a rational variant of the distribution of forces and its successful implementation during the race is a very difficult question.
Passing the distance taking into account your preparedness, the distribution of strength in such a way as to achieve a better result.
1. If the skier is sufficiently well prepared and has high speed qualities, it is advisable for him to pass the first half of the distance strongly (8-9% higher than the average speed). The meaning of this variant is that, using the indicated quality, the skier wins the distance in the first half of the distance against rivals who have significant speed endurance and pass the second half of the track faster than the first.
2. If the skier is poorly trained, he should pass the competition distance relatively evenly (with speed fluctuations not exceeding 3-5% of the average speed). With this version of the distribution of forces, he has more opportunities to use all aspects of his readiness than with other options, since in this case he is less dependent on tactics their competitors.
3. In the event that the rider is well prepared and has significant speed endurance, it is advisable to start the race at an optimal pace (3-5% higher than the average speed), and go through the finish segment strongly (8-9% higher than the average speed). This option often brought victory to the famous skier G. Kulakova.
The skier should remember: many hours of running (with moderate and uniform intensity), as well as many kilometers of hiking help the ability to distribute forces. When fatigue appears (especially in the second half of the distance), the rider needs to focus on the rational use of the remaining forces in order to maintain the intensity of work and maintain speed over the distance.
| Main focus | Classes | |||
| For the development of those | The transition from the same | Move from move to move | ||
| nicki -ski ho | change moves on | depending on us- | ||
| dove | variables. Overdo- | catch the distance and | ||
| lifting and | ski conditions. | |||
| obstacles. Pro- | Elements of tactics | |||
| distance walking | cross-country skiing | |||
| up to 5 km (girls) and | limit of forces, leader | |||
| up to 6 km (boys) | roving, overtaking, finishing | |||
| stitching, etc. | ||||
| distance walking | ||||
| up to 5 km (girls) and | ||||
| up to 8 km (boys) | ||||
| Main focus | Classes | |||
| For knowledge about physical culture | Rules for conducting self-study. Peculiarities physical training skier. The basic elements of tactics in cross-country skiing. Competition rules. Safety precautions for skiing. First aid for injuries and frostbite | |||
Elements of martial arts
In secondary school, students must consolidate previously mastered, as well as learn new methods of fighting lying and standing. The result of training and the criterion of trained is the ability to lead; training fight (Table 21). As in grades 8-9, material on the types of martial arts should be widely used for the versatile development of coordination skills (orientation in space, quick response and rebuilding motor actions, balance, vestibular stability, the ability for voluntary muscle relaxation, differentiation of power parameters of movement) and conditioning (power, power endurance, speed-strength) abilities. During this period, the associated improvement of complex martial arts techniques and the development of appropriate coordination and conditioning abilities are enhanced.
To master the program material, you can take the time of the entire lesson or include elements of martial arts when passing through the material of other sections, primarily gymnastics. Given the limited time allocated for the basic part for a deep mastery of this type, you should use part of the variable part, as well as extra-curricular and self-study. Along with the boys, the section of martial arts can be mastered by girls who have shown interest in this.
Table 21 1
Program material on the elements of martial arts
| Main focus | Classes | ||
| To master the technique of mastering the techniques | Self-insurance practices. Receptions of struggle lying and standing. Training fight | ||
| Main focus | Classes | ||
| 10 11 | |||
| For the development of coordination abilities | Passed material on martial arts techniques, outdoor games such as "Strength and Agility", "Riders Fight", "Two vs. Two Fight", etc. | ||
| For the development of strength abilities and strength endurance | Strength exercises and martial arts in pairs | ||
| For knowledge about physical culture | Self warm-up before the fight. Competition rules for one of the types of martial arts. The influence of martial arts on the development of moral and volitional qualities. Safety engineering. Wrestler hygiene | ||
| To develop organizational skills | Ability to judge a training fight of one of the types of martial arts | ||
| self-study | Exercises in pairs, mastering the techniques of insurance, outdoor games. Self-control in martial arts | ||
Swimming
In schools where there are conditions, the stage of in-depth consolidation of the studied material continues, aimed at acquiring the skill of reliable and long-term swimming in deep water. At the same time, new elements for the development of applied swimming(Table 22). Swimming lessons can be interspersed with lessons in other sections, conducted as separate courses, and also taken out of the training sessions and conducted in open water, observing safety rules.
We continue the cycle of winter materials about skiing and ski race. Today we will tell you about the structure of this interesting and close in spirit to us, northern people, world. Like it or not, skiing is the main winter national pastime and view. physical activity. And to hint that ski racing is very interesting to watch, especially spectacular short distances and massstarts.
November 26 in the Finnish Hand starts the next professional ski season, the next drawing of the Grand Crystal Cup Peace. Modern cross-country skiing has a very large audience, especially in Scandinavia and former USSR. Cross-country skiing is quite popular in the USA, northern Italy, southern France and southern Germany, and other countries of central, eastern and northern Europe. However, not everyone understands what's what in the world of big skiing. Many people watch skiing and ask the same questions: “What kind of start is this?”; "And what will he get for the victory?"; "What is this World Cup?" and so on. In this article, we will try to answer the most popular questions about cross-country skiing and bring readers up to date.
Main races of the season
Every year, thousands and thousands of different cross-country skiing competitions are held in different parts of the world, but not all of them get on television screens. A certain set of starts since 1981 have been combined into the World Cup. Also in the 16/17 season we are waiting for the World Championship, which is held every two years. In 2017 the world championship in ski activities sports will be held in Finnish Lahti in late February - early March. Quite spectacular and eye-catching is the Ski Classics series, which consists mainly of marathon distances held in Europe. Surely many have heard of the legendary Marchalong and the no less legendary Vasaloppet - you can also see them this season. Russia also has its own official marathon series - Russialoppet. The marathon season starts with the Neva classic at the end of January and ends at the end of April at Lake Baikal. In addition to the above, various continental cups are held, international competitions and so on, but it is almost impossible to see them on the screens.
Are there rules in cross country skiing?
There are rules. Not only ski competitions, but also all other competitions with the presence of skis are supervised by the International Ski Federation (FIS, hereinafter referred to as FIS). Not only cross-country skiing, but also mountain, ski jumping and northern biathlon (ski jumping and pursuit based on the results of the jump). Actually, the FIS dictates the rules and monitors their implementation, and punishes for their violation. The most common point of contention in cross-country skiing is the violation of a given style. Cross-country skiing is held in two styles - classical and free. Classic style, in other words, overcoming the distance along a pre-prepared ski track, when the skis move strictly parallel to each other (with the exception of very steep climbs, when you can only run into the climb with a herringbone, but without a sliding element). Freestyle (skating, movement like skating) is more powerful and faster than the classic one. Thus, at the starts held classic style, some athletes may cheat or accidentally earn extra money by skating in an unobserved area, which may be the subject of subsequent disputes and possible sanctions.
Types of cross-country skiing Starts differ not only in the style of movement, but also in the regulations and distances. Let's consider them in more detail.
Sprint. The sprint consists of a qualification and a final part. As a result of qualification, 30 athletes go to the final part, after which they fight against each other in contact. The final part is divided into quarter-finals, semi-finals and final. In the quarterfinals there are 5 races with 6 participants in each. According to the results of the quarter-final run, the two fastest from each heat, as well as the two best in time among those ranked lower than the second, go directly to the semi-finals. In the semi-finals, everything is by analogy, in the final, the fastest wins.
Team sprint. It is held mainly twice during the season, as well as at the World Championships and the Olympics. Teams are formed from two representatives of one team. As part of team sprint Team members go through three sprint stages in turn each. Often, stages 1, 3 and 5 will be run by an athlete who is doing well in distance events, while stages 2, 4 and 6 will be run by a clean sprinter who will finish and claim victory.
Time Trial Racing(individual races). Held quite frequently and different distance. Within the framework of the World Championship and the Olympics, the traditional distance for cutting is 10 km for women and 15 for men, however, within the framework of the World Cup and stages, this distance can vary both in the shorter and longer directions.
Pursuit racing. They are held mainly as part of multi-day races and represent a start at a certain interval, when each of the riders starts according to the time shown in the race with a separate start.
Skiathlon. Start, where half of the distance is covered in a classic style, and the other half is freestyle with a change of skis. The traditional distance for the World Championship and the Olympics is 7.5 + 7.5 km for women and 15 + 15 km for men, however, by analogy with races with a separate start within the multi-day races, the skiathlon distance changes.
Mass start. Traditional races with a general start, where a huge group of athletes starts at the same time and overcomes a certain distance. The most popular race from the general start is the marathon, but there are many other races for other, shorter distances, mainly as part of multi-day events. Relay race. Traditional team racing with four participants in one team. Two stages are held in the classical style, two are free. The most common format for women 4 5 km, for men 4 10 km.
What is the World Cup
The World Cup is a season-long race consisting of nine stages, as well as three stages: the three-day Scandinavian Tour, the Tour de Ski and the World Cup Final. In total, in the calendar of the World Cup season 16/17, both men and women are scheduled for 32 starts. For each of the starts, the athlete receives points. For a victory at the start of the World Cup stage, the athlete receives 100 points. For the second place 80, the third 60, then 50, 45, 40, 36, 32 and so on. Points are awarded to the first 30 places. At the multi-day stages, the first 30 places also receive points, but not 100, but 50 points are already awarded for the victory. For the second place 46, for the third 43 and so on. However, for final result in the stage race, points are doubled relative to points for winning the World Cup stages, and in the Tour de Ski, the top thirty get points with a coefficient of 4. In addition, at individual starts there are bonus points that the top ten riders receive at a certain cut-off during the race. The winner in the overall standings of the World Cup is the one who scored the most points. But there are also two more tests - this is the sprint World Cup and the distance World Cup. The Sprint World Cup score includes all sprint starts of the season, with the exception of the team sprint. Off remote cup The world includes all starts of the season, with the exception of sprint and relay races.
What is the Tour de Ski
The Tour de Ski is already a traditional, integral part of the World Cup. For the first time, the Tour de Ski was held in the 2006/2007 season, after which it firmly established itself in the World Cup calendar and annually gathers a huge audience. In the 16/17 season, the Tour de Ski will consist of seven stages, of which only one will be a sprint. Competitions within the framework of the Tour de Ski will visit Switzerland, Germany and Italy, and the Tour will end with a climb up the mountain in Val di Fiemme. The main advantages, as well as what attracts viewers to the screens, are a tight schedule of starts, where seven stages of the Tour de Ski take place in nine days, as well as an unusual format of these starts, which makes the struggle at each stage as dynamic as possible. And, of course, do not forget about the final climb, which is a unique action in modern cross-country skiing.
Massacre in the Alps 
Profile of the final climb of the Tour de Ski - Alpe Cermis**
** Elements of tactics in cross-country skiing
There is an element of tactics, but it is rather transparent. For example, in relay races there is a so-called “running tactic”, where the team focuses on the first stages, putting their strongest representatives there in order to escape from other teams that rely on the finish line. IN individual races representatives of the coaching staff of the national team often release two athletes on different types ski waxes to see which one performs better and gives an advantage in the current weather conditions, or to avoid a mass failure, thereby sacrificing the chances of one of the athletes. Similar tricks are performed as part of marathons, where skis are often changed along the course. But cross-country skiing is not a bicycle or even a triathlon - "sit" on the wheel, spending an average of 25% less effort than the one in front, will not work. In the aspect of leadership, there is no element of tactics. But on the other hand, there is an element of closing the corridor and loopholes for the passage of the body - almost like in cycling or track and field races in the arena.
Where and how to watch cross-country skiing
The Eurosport channel will show the entire World Cup and World Cup and broadcasts will begin this coming weekend. The main starts of the season are the World Championship and the Tour de Ski, but in the 16/17 season, the third most important start will take place on the territory Russian Federation. In March, Tyumen will host the World Cup final. If you want to see the world's strongest skiers with your own eyes, then Tyumen is a unique chance to make this goal come true.
It remains only to wait for the weekend and the start of the season for professional skiers. And we will cover and analyze the most important starts of the 2016/2017 season. Have a great winter season!
The distribution of forces over the distance - the skier masters this tactical skill throughout the training. The pace in training races and races, students choose according to their physical fitness. It is important to teach students to choose the optimal speed of movement, to work out this skill well on sections of ski slopes with an average competitive speed.
Performing a tactical plan in a control or competitive race, the skier maintains the chosen pace throughout the distance, taking into account the various sections of the track, making the most of his knowledge and skills acquired in the lessons ski training.
High school students know that the best results in competitions, including those with the participation of the strongest racers in the world, are shown with a relatively even distribution of forces throughout the entire time of passing the distance. Fluctuations in intensity should not exceed an average of 3-5%. These boundaries define the so-called optimal zone. So, it is very important, after consulting with the teacher, to find for yourself right pace race. If you start the race at too high a speed, you may experience the feeling of heaviness, characteristic of the "dead center". When the skier slows down, they gradually pass. In order to prevent these sensations, you should first restrain your forces, remember that with fresh forces, speed is achieved quite easily. This is important to consider when overtaking an opponent at a distance. Catching up with an opponent is not the main goal of the competition (an exception is relay races). It is important to show the best possible result.
If you have to overtake a skier, then you need to do it tactically correctly. It is better to overtake him before the descent, on a flat section of the track, but you can also go uphill, retaining a reserve of strength in order to immediately break away from him. If, nevertheless, he is “hooked”, one should not strain excessively to run away from him, remembering the need to save maximum strength.
And when you don't have to spare your strength, it's when finishing. The beginning of the finishing acceleration must also be chosen skillfully. It is important to finish the race in such a way that there is no strength left and the speed does not fall. The duration of the final acceleration depends on the individual characteristics of the skier. You need to know yourself and feel the power. This is acquired by experience, constant work on oneself on ski slopes. It is especially dangerous to get involved in wrestling when there are parallel tracks. In this case, imperceptibly for yourself, you can use up all your strength.
You can teach the technique of skiing together for both boys and girls. Two circles should be made: outer - for boys, inner - for girls (especially when classes are not divided). As in the 7th grade, the demonstration and explanation of the technique should be brief. Some of the messages, as well as showing simulation exercises, are best done in gym before skiing. In frosty and windy weather, you also need to do a short warm-up there.
It is very important to instill in high school students the skills of independent study of this wonderful view. exercise explaining the accessibility, health value and ease of skiing. Therefore, here, in the hall, you need to report on the pulse mode of the upcoming tasks, tell what abilities and qualities this or that intensity of training develops, what significance it has for future soldiers, mothers, workers of mental and physical labor.
Due to the increase training work special exercises on the slopes are given less often, the slopes are included in the training segments. It is necessary to show the effectiveness of a technically competent passage of descents and ascents with the help of a “break situation”, fixing the time or distance.
Taking into account the increased ability of older students for tactical thinking and more effective learning opportunities in divided classes, it is necessary to continue improving in technology not only the methods of skiing provided for by the program for these classes, but also those previously studied.
Requirements for homework remain the same as in grades IV-VII. Boys and girls of the 8th grade should do the same amount of work at home as they did in the double skiing lesson, but in two steps, with an interval of a day or two.
Tests by physical education.
1. The oldest form of organization of physical culture was:
B) single combat
B) chariot racing
D) games
2. The physical culture of the slave-owning society had:
A) applied orientation
B) military and recreational orientation
B) educational orientation
D) educational orientation
3. The Russian Olympic Committee was created in
a) 1908
b) 1911
c) 1912
d) 1916
4. Alexander Popov - Champion Olympic Games V …
5. Which of the following types is not included in the modern pentathlon program
A) shooting
B) fencing
B) gymnastics
D) horseback riding
6. Why were the ancient Olympic Games called holidays of peace?
A) the games were peaceful in nature
B) wars stopped during the games
C) Athletes from all over the world took part in the Olympic Games
D) The Olympic Games were world famous
7. What type of program was the program of the first Olympic Games of Ancient Greece?
A) javelin throw
B) wrestling
B) running one stage
D) running in four stages
8. What was the name of the species sports program Olympic Games of antiquity, combining wrestling with fisticuffs?
A) dolichodrome
B) pankration
B) pentathlon
D) diaulom
9. What organization is leading the modern Olympic movement?
A) United Nations
B) International Council physical education and sports
B) International Olympic Committee
D) International Olympic Academy
10. Who was the first president of the International Olympic Committee?
A) Pierre de Coubertin
B) Alexey Butovsky
B) Michael Killanin
D) Demetrius Vikelas
11. Who became the first Olympic champion from Russian athletes?
A) N. Orlov
B) A. Petrov
C) N. Panin - Kolomenkin
D) A. Butovsky
12. Why does the Fair Play movement award the Pierre de Coubertin?
A) for fair refereeing
B) for victories at three Olympics
C) for a fair and just fight
D) for a great contribution to the development of the Olympic movement
13. Who is the president Olympic Committee Russia at present?
A) Shamil Tarpishchev
B) Vyacheslav Fetisov
B) Leonid Tyagachev
D) Vitaly Smirnov
14. At the opening of the Olympic Games, the parade of the Olympic delegations of the participating countries opens (goes first):
A) Delegation of the host country
B) the delegation of the country whose name begins with the first letters of the alphabet of the host country
C) the delegation of the host country of the previous Olympiad
D) Delegation of Greece
15. At the opening of the Olympic Games, the parade of the Olympic delegations of the participating countries ends (goes last):
A) Delegation of the host country
B) the delegation of the country whose name begins with the first letters of the alphabet of the host country
c) the delegation of the host country of the previous Olympiad
d) Delegation of Greece
16. In what year was the International Olympic Committee formed?
B) 1894
17. The term "Olympics" means:
A) a four-year period between the Olympic Games
B) the first year of the four years that the Olympic Games celebrate
C) a synonym for the Olympic Games
D) competitions held during the Olympic Games
18. In what year did the Olympic Games take place in our country?
A) planned in 1944, but canceled due to World War 2
B) in 1976 in Sochi
C) in 1980 in Moscow
D) have not been done yet
19. What disciplines included the pentathlon - the ancient Greek pentathlon?
1.fist fight 2.horseback riding 3.long jump 4.high jump
9. swimming 10. javelin throw
B) 3,5,6,8,10
20. Pierre de Coubertin was awarded the Olympic gold medal at the art competition in ...
A) in 1894 for the draft Olympic Charter
B) in 1912 for "Ode to Sports"
C) in 1914 for the flag donated by Coubertin to the IOC
D) in 1920 for the text of the Olympic Oath
21. The Olympic symbol consists of five interlaced rings, arranged from left to right in the following order ...
A) above - blue, black, red, below - yellow and green
B) above - green, black, red, below - blue and yellow
C) above - red, blue, black, below - yellow and green
D) above - blue, black, red, below - green and yellow
22. The Olympic Games consist of ...
B) competitions in winter or summer species sports
B) winter and Summer Games Olympics
D) opening, competition, awarding of participants and closing
23. What was the name of the special premises for the preparation of athletes for Ancient Greek Games Olympics?
A) palestra
B) amphitheater
B) gymnasium
D) stadium
24. The mascot of the Olympic Games is:
A) the image of the Olympic flag
B) an image of five woven rings
C) an image of an animal that is popular in the country hosting the Olympics
D) an image of an architectural monument popular in the country hosting the Olympics
25. The talisman, as if bringing happiness to any Olympian, any fan, first appeared at the games in ...
A) 1968 in Mexico City
B) 1976 in Montreal
D) 1980 in Moscow
26. Motor skill is:
A) the level of knowledge about movements
B) the level of possession of a motor action
C) level of tactical training
D) the level of possession of the system of movements
27. Realization of the goal of physical education is carried out through the decision:
A) motor, hygiene and educational tasks
B) tempering, psychological and philosophical tasks
C) the tasks of the development of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems
D) health, educational and educational tasks
28. Temporary decrease in efficiency is commonly called:
A) fatigue
B) voltage
B) tired
D) an overdose
29. What are the main means of physical education?
A) study sessions
B) exercise
B) teaching aids
D) means of hardening
30. Which of the following physical exercises are cyclic?
A) throwing
B) jumping
B) somersaults
D) running
31. One of the main physical qualities is:
A) attention
B) performance
B) strength
D) health
32. What physical quality develops when long run at a slow pace?
B) endurance
B) speed
D) dexterity
33. Indicate the sport that provides the greatest effect in the development of flexibility:
B) gymnastics
B) modern pentathlon
D) athletics
34. The best conditions for the development of dexterity are created during ...
A) outdoor and sports games
B) high jump
B) running at top speed
G) light athletics
35. What are the main physical qualities.
A) coordination, endurance, flexibility, strength, speed
B) agility, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility
C) general endurance, strength endurance, speed, strength, agility
D) general endurance, strength endurance, flexibility, speed, agility
36. The main and mandatory form of physical education at school is:
A) competition
B) physical culture break
C) physical education lesson
D) morning exercises
37. What characterizes the tests conducted at physical education lessons?
A) the level of physical development
B) the level of physical performance
C) the level of physical education
D) level of physical fitness
38. What is the basic law of the World Olympic Movement?
A) an encyclopedia
B) code
B) a charter
D) constitution
39. What events influenced the fact that the Games 6, 7 and 8 of the Olympiad did not take place?
A) inconsistency in the actions of countries
B) refusal to participate in the Games of most countries
C) the first and second world wars
D) refusal of the host country of the Games to hold them
40. Alexander Karelin - Champion of the Olympic Games in ...
A) gymnastics
B) swimming
D) fight
41. The Minister of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Mari El is:
A) Sergei Kropotov
B) Sergey Kiverin
D) Vladimir Chumakov
D) Valery Korablev
42. The chairman of the committee on physical culture and sports of the administration of the urban district "City of Yoshkar-Ola" is:
A) Petr Kagalo
B) Alexander Sergeev
C) Anatoly Podoinikov
D) Vladimir Tyan
43. The position of the student on the projectile, in which his shoulders are below the grip points, in gymnastics is indicated as:
B) grouping
D) vis
44. The position of the practitioner, in which the legs bent at the knees are raised with the hands to the chest
and the hands grab the knees, in gymnastics it is denoted as:
b) capture
c) rolling
d) grouping
45. A jump from a projectile in gymnastics is indicated as ...
B) jump
D) jumping off
46. Rotational movement through the head with successive touching of the supporting surface by individual parts of the body in gymnastics is denoted as ...
A) somersault
B) roll
B) revolution
D) somersault
47. The position of those involved in bent legs in gymnastics it is referred to as ...
B) squat
D) stand
48. What is meant by the term "Distance" in gymnastics?
A) the distance between those involved in "In depth"
B) the distance between those involved "along the front"
C) the distance from the person in front of him to the one behind him
D) the distance from the first line to the last
49. Which of the following teams in gymnastics have only the executive part?
1. "Equal!" 2. "Less!" 3. "Circle!" 4. "At ease!" 5. "Attention!"
B) 1,4,5
50. The ability of students to build in different kinds building, line, column, circle, and also rebuild in them, in gymnastics is called ...
A) combat techniques
B) movements
B) opening and closing
D) builds and rebuilds
51. An arcuate, maximally arched position with the back to the supporting plane with the support of arms and legs, in gymnastics is called ...
A) stand
B) "bridge"
B) revolution
D) "twine"
52. Which of the gymnasts is the absolute record holder in the number Olympic medals(18 medals - 9 of them gold)?
A) Olga Korbut
B) Nadia Comaneci
C) Larisa Latynina
D) Lyudmila Turishcheva
53.Volleyball like sport game appeared at the end of the 19th century in ....
A) Canada
B) Japan
IN THE USA
D) Germany
54. In volleyball, a player who is in the 1st zone, when “transitioning”, moves to the zone ...
55. When volleyball was recognized olympic view sports?
B) in 1957
56. Indicate the full composition of the volleyball team:
A) 6 people, trainer, assistant trainer, massage therapist, doctor
B) 10 people, trainer, assistant trainer, massage therapist, doctor
C) 8 people, trainer, assistant trainer, massage therapist, doctor
D) 12 people, trainer, assistant trainer, massage therapist, doctor
57. "LIBERO" in volleyball is ...
A) defensive player
B) offensive player
B) team captain
D) reserve player
58. How is the transition of players in volleyball from zone to zone?
A) arbitrarily
B) clockwise
B) counterclockwise
D) at the direction of the coach
59. Is it possible to change the placement of players in volleyball?
A) Yes, as directed by the coach
B) yes, as directed by the referee
D) yes, but only at the beginning of each game
60. How many substitutions are allowed in volleyball in each set and during several breaks?
A) maximum 3
B) maximum 8
C) maximum 6
D) maximum 9
61. Mistakes in volleyball are considered ...
A) "three hits of touch"
B) "four touch hits", hit with the support of "double touch"
C) the player jumps once on the block and makes two touches of the ball
D) the ball is in contact with any part of the body
62. Serve the ball in volleyball after the referee's whistle is performed within ...
A) 3 seconds
B) 5 seconds
B) 6 seconds
D) 8 seconds
63. The height of the volleyball net for men's teams:
B) 2m 43cm
64. The height of the volleyball net for women's teams:
D) 2m 24cm
65. Can a volleyball team player play without shoes?
A) yes
C) only at high temperatures
66. "Beach - will" is:
A) play action
B) beach volleyball
B) kicking the ball
D) receiving the ball
67. Indicate the number of volleyball team players who are simultaneously on the court.
B) athletics
Play chess
D) skiing
92. K sprint V athletics applies...
A) 5000 meter run
B) 100 meter run
D) marathon running
93. Cross is -
A) fast running
B) running on an artificial stadium track
B) cross-country running
D) run before jump
94. Running on long distances in athletics physical quality success is determined by...
A) speed
B) endurance
D) dexterity
95. What is the fastest ski run?
A) simultaneous stepless
B) simultaneous one-step
B) simultaneous two-step
D) alternating two-step
96. Which skier's downhill stance is faster?
A) high stance
B) middle stance
B) low stance
D) main rack
A) 30 km race
B) 50 km race
B) 60 km race
D) 70 km race
98. Main element skier's tactics
B) leading
B) the distribution of forces
99. The height of the sticks for free (skating) skiing should be ...
A) to the level of the student's shoulders
B) to the level of the student's eyes
D) 3-4 cm lower than the student's shoulders
100. Height ski poles at classical course must be…
A) to the level of the student's shoulders
B) to the level of the student's eyes
C) 3-4 cm higher than the student's height
D) 3-4 cm lower than the level of the student's shoulders
