Volleyball exercises in pairs. Catalog of articles about sports and a healthy lifestyle
MINISTRY OF CULTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
STATE BUDGET EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
BASHKIR REPUBLICAN COLLEGE OF CULTURE AND ART
METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
« Preparation of beginner volleyball players. Tactics, techniques, transfers»
teacher: Bulyakov F.F.
Sterlitamak 2015
Introduction
Volleyball is one of the most exciting and popular sports that have received national recognition. It is distinguished by rich and varied motor content. To play volleyball, you need to be able to run fast, instantly change direction and speed of movement, jump high, have strength, agility and endurance. The emotional stresses experienced during the game cause in the body of those involved in high shifts in the activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Qualitative changes are taking place in locomotive system. Jumping when passing the ball, attacking and blocking strengthens the skeletal system, the joints become more mobile, the strength and elasticity of the muscles increase.
Constant interactions with the ball contribute to the improvement of deep and peripheral vision, accuracy and orientation in space.
Playing volleyball also develops an instant reaction to visual and auditory signals, increases muscle feeling and the ability to fast alternations tension and relaxation of muscles. A small amount of static effort and load in the game has a beneficial effect on the growth of young athletes.
Playing volleyball requires the maximum manifestation of physical abilities, strong-willed efforts and the ability to use the acquired skills from those involved.
In the process of gaming activity, those involved show positive emotions: cheerfulness, cheerfulness, initiative, desire to win.
Due to its emotionality, volleyball is a means of not only physical development, but also active recreation.
Training in the basics of volleyball is included in the programs of schools, vocational schools and technical schools. Pupils and students get acquainted with the content and basic rules of the game, master the technique of playing techniques, learn the simplest tactical combinations.
Volleyball lessons in educational institutions are aimed at physical development pupils and students, instilling in them perseverance, discipline, collectivism, a sense of friendship and camaraderie.
I will list several stages that will become a template for teaching children.
Stage 1
familiarization exercises with the ball - ball games, ball movements, ball throws
general physical preparation
A week
Workout content
1st
Individual games and exercises with the ball
2nd
Games and exercises with the ball in pairs
3rd
Ball throws from below and from above individually
4th
Studying the main stance of a volleyball player when playing defense, moving in the main stance in various directions
5th
One-hand underhand feed and take-up
6th
Games involving throws, catching and passing the ball to a partner, and serving from below
7th
Play mini volleyball 2v2, 3v3 or 4v4 using the acquired game skills
8th
Learning to pass from above, throwing and catching the ball from above with two hands
9th
Movements in different directions when performing a transfer from above
10th
Games that include the execution of a pass from above (running, side steps)
11th
Overhand pass from the back line to the net
12th
Passing from above along the net (exercises for training setters)
13th
Games for 2-3 players to practice passing from above
14th
Studying an attacking blow (run-up, hand movement)
15th
The study of the attacking blow (push, jump). Attack through the low net. A game involving the execution of an overhead pass and an attacking shot
16th
Striker hit from high gear, shots in different directions
17th
Reception of an attacking blow with movement in various directions
18th
Receiving an attacking blow, trying to anticipate its direction
19th
Reception of an attacking blow by 2-3 players in compliance with the placement when playing on defense
20th
Comprehensive training - passing from above, attacking hit, playing defense
21st and 22nd
Game 4x4 on the court 6x4.5 m with the execution of the serve from below, the reception of the serve, the pass from above, the attacking blow
Stage 2
understanding of the simplest game situations
basic volleyball stances
transmission from below
transmission from above
innings
preparation games with a ball
Stage 3
idea of game combinations
striker kick
feed improvement
Stage 4
receiving an attack
receiving a feed
block
idea of team defensive actions
Training schedule for beginner volleyball players (approximate plan for 6 months)
Trainings are held 2 times a week for 2 hours a day.
The total training time is 88 hours.
Why is it desirable to conduct training for beginner volleyball players in the presented sequence?
Many beginners may be afraid of the ball flying at them at a fairly high speed. The task of the coach is to rid them of this fear.
Most people love to play with the ball (throw, catch, kick). Incorporating familiar to all elements of ball games into training makes the perception of volleyball easier.
Many novice players want to play volleyball right away, like the players of the national team do. They don't like doing boring prep exercises. A good coach will find a way to teach beginners the basic techniques of volleyball in a playful way. However, it must be borne in mind that playing volleyball requires at least a) the ability to serve (i.e., be able to put the ball into play) and b) the ability to receive the serve (without this, it will not be possible to transfer the ball to the opponent's side). The absence of these minimum skills makes it impossible to enjoy the game of volleyball.
The overhead pass with two hands is a very difficult element to perform, because beginners have not seen it anywhere before. When novice players are just getting acquainted with volleyball, it is advisable to include a variety of throws in the training process, followed by catching the ball. This will accelerate the transition to the development of specific volleyball technical elements.
Playing volleyball on a shorter court and with fewer players per team helps beginners build team spirit and competitiveness.
Of course, the physical abilities and abilities to perceive are different in children and adults. Therefore, all exercises and games included in the training should have their own characteristics depending on the age of beginner volleyball players.
Improvement physical qualities beginner players is one of the goals of the training process. At regular classes volleyball even 2 times a week, there is a steady improvement in the physical condition of the players. A positive result of training is a powerful incentive for further progress.
Basic principles of training for beginner volleyball players
Each workout should be part of an overall sound training process to improve the physical condition, technical skills and mental attitude of those involved.
You should use different physical exercise And different types ball games to develop the physical abilities of those involved.
Each exercise should be repeated at least 10 times. After 60 minutes of training, it is recommended to pause for 10-15 minutes.
Resistance exercises should not be given to children under 12 years of age.
Warm-up and warm-up exercises should be performed by all athletes before each workout.
Detailed explanations of each game combination should be given.
It is necessary to stimulate interest in training among novice players. The praise and approval of the coach is very important for motivating newcomers.
In no case should psychological pressure be exerted on beginner volleyball players either during training or during games.
It is necessary to give all players equal opportunities to participate in game situations. A beginner will not learn anything if he only watches the game from the side.
A coach should not strive to win competitions at any cost. The success of novice players in training is much more important than the results of any tournament.
Technical training is the process of teaching a volleyball player the technique of movements and actions that serve as a means of playing the game, as well as their improvement. sports equipment should be considered in close relationship with the level of development of physical qualities. The higher the level physical fitness the more successful learning and improvement.
The main objectives of technical training are.
1. Expansion of the stock of various skills and abilities, which allows you to correctly perform new movements and master them faster.
2. Possession of rational technique (the correct structure of movements, their implementation without undue stress).
3. Improving the details of the technique by identifying the causes of errors (when performing techniques) and eliminating them.
4. Improving the technique by changing the form of movements, creating certain difficulties in the performance of techniques.
5. Improving the technique of playing in competitive conditions.
Technical training is multi-year process, which can be conditionally divided into two stages - the initial training of game techniques and its further improvement.
The structure of individual techniques seems quite simple, but it effective application in the game is associated with certain difficulties:
The short duration of touching the ball, as a result of which it is impossible to correct the error;
The small area of contact with the ball makes it difficult to achieve the accuracy of the reception;
Three touches of the ball require high precision and focus.
Therefore, mastering the rational technique of the game is the main task in the technical training of volleyball players. This task will be successful if training process are used:
a) the principle of gradualness in teaching the technique of the game (without consolidating one motor skill, do not move on to another);
b) purposeful physical training as the basis for the formation of motor skills;
c) knowledge of biomechanical patterns of movement and actions when performing volleyball techniques;
d) knowledge of the causes of errors in learning and improving the technique of the game and the correction of these errors;
e) leading exercises, simulators, teaching devices that make the technique of movements accessible to children without distorting its essence.
Learning is carried out through the perception and processing of relevant information. For a qualitative study of technology, accurate information is needed.
Technical training is aimed at teaching the athlete the technique of movements and bringing them to perfection.
Sports technique is a way of performing a sports action, which is characterized by a certain degree of efficiency and rationality of the athlete's use of his psychophysical capabilities.
Mastering the technique of movements. This criterion shows how this technical action is memorized and fixed.
For well-mastered movements are typical:
a) stability sports result and a number of characteristics of the movement technique when it is performed under standard conditions;
b) stability (relatively low variability) of the result when performing an action (when the athlete’s state changes, the opponent’s actions in complicated conditions);
c) preservation of motor skills during breaks in training;
d) automation of actions.
Technique and tactics of playing techniques
The success of training largely depends on the selection of methods and means of training.
Practice has shown that in sports, and in particular in volleyball, good results provides programmed training in the technique and tactics of game techniques.
Programmed learning is based mainly on the following principles:
1. Development of programs in which preparatory, leading and special exercises are presented in the optimal ratio and arranged in order of increasing complexity (duplication of some exercises by others is excluded).
2. Providing students with a minimum of theoretical information aimed at a clear explanation general provisions techniques of playing techniques, as well as dynamic, spatial and speed characteristics of the movements performed.
3. Preparing the student for the next task. For example, before you start teaching a player how to hit the ball, you must definitely teach him how to jump to shoot over the net, move to get to the ball in a timely manner, etc.
4. Constant pedagogical control over the level of preparedness of students.
Racks and movements
The dynamism of the game requires a volleyball player to be constantly ready to perform game techniques. He can only succeed if he takes a rational stance in a timely manner and quickly moves around the site. Each of the racks is characterized by bending the legs and tilting the torso.
Fig4,5,6.
When receiving and passing the ball flying at low speed, as well as before hitting and blocking, the player puts his feet shoulder-width apart, one in front; the bending of the legs and the inclination of the body are insignificant, the arms are in front of the body, the weight of the body is evenly distributed over the entire support area (Fig. 4).
When receiving a serve, when belaying, the volleyball player bends his legs a little more (Fig. 5).
When playing defense (receiving balls flying at high speed), the player is in a semi-squat, the body is slightly tilted forward, and c. t. moved to the front of the support (Fig. 6)
Being in the rack, the volleyball player carefully watches the ball. In order for the player not to be constrained, it is better to recommend him to step from foot to foot (dynamic stance).
Players move at different speeds. They are performed by walking (side or regular step), running or jumping. Sometimes the movements are performed by a combination of walking, running and jumping.
They move to the ball flying away from the student, with side steps. At the end of each movement, a stop motion is made, which allows the volleyball player to quickly stop, take a stable position, or continue moving in another direction.
Learning stances and movements begins at the beginning of volleyball training. After getting acquainted with the initial starting positions, the trainee learns to accept them when moving in different directions, gradually increasing the distance and speed of movement.
Errors encountered in racks and when performing movements:
1. Legs are straight or excessively bent at the knees.
2. Hands down.
3. Excessive lean forward.
4. Discrepancy between the speed of movement and the speed of the ball.
5. Irrational way of moving.
6. Unstable position before receiving the ball,
Preparatory exercises for teaching stances and movements include: walking lunges, in a semi-squat, on the outside and inside feet, on toes and heels; running segments of 15-20 m with acceleration; alternating walking and running; movement in various ways in various directions according to visual and sound signals; running from various starting positions face or back forward, sideways with side steps; acceleration; running with jumps; relay races, including running, jumping, somersaults, falls, etc.
Lead up exercises
1. In pairs. Tossing the ball by one player is a signal for the other to take a high stance; tossing the ball with imitation of a blow - take a low stance.
2. Movement with side steps left, right side forward.
3. Same as ex. 2, but stop lunging.
4. In pairs. One performs movements, the other, not lagging behind, repeats his movements as if in a mirror image.
5. Same as ex. 4 near the grid.
6. Throws and catching the ball in columns with access to the ball and the adoption of the middle stance.
7. At the signal of the coach - a hand raised up, those involved move with side steps to the left by 3 m and take an average stance; hand to the side - forward acceleration, take a low stance; hand forward - turn around, acceleration with a lunge stop; hand behind the head - forward jumping with the right side, etc.
8. In pairs. One player throws the ball, the other, performing a lunge to the left, forward, catches it.
9. Balls are placed in holders above the net. Students move along the net and touch the balls.
10. Running in a circle, catching the ball and throwing with both hands behind the head.
11. Students line up on the attack lines facing the net. On a signal, they rush to the net and perform a stop by jumping on the left (right) foot, without crossing the middle line.
12. In pairs. Students stand facing each other at a distance of 4 m; one throws the ball over the head of the other, he turns around, runs to the place where the ball fell and catches it.
13. Those involved are built in a column in zone 1. The driver from zone 6 throws the ball into zone 2; from the column, those involved alternately move to the net and catch the ball, then return it to the driver, and they themselves move to the end of the column.
14. Same as ex. 13, but the practitioners are located in zone 5, and the driver throws the ball into zone 4.
15. Students line up in a column in zone 4, 3 m from the net: alternately throw the ball to a partner standing in zone 3, and, running to the net, jump up; from zone 3 the ball is returned to the next player standing in the column.
16. Same as ex. 15, but the column of students is located in zone 2.
17. Those involved are located near the net facing it. On a signal, they move backwards to the offensive line and take a stance as when playing on defense.
18. Students jump along the net and imitate blocking.
1. Moving step forward, to the side, back, passing the ball over you.
2. Same as ex. 1, but move by running.
3. Students line up in zone 6. The teacher from zone 4 throws the ball into zone 3, where the student goes and passes the ball back to him.
4. Same as ex. 3, but the teacher throws the ball from zone 2.
5. In pairs. One player performs passes in different directions, the other after moving the transfer returns the ball to him.
6. In pairs. One student passes the ball with a quiet blow, the other, moving forward, to the sides, returns the ball to him with a two-handed pass from below.
7. The students are lined up in zone 1. The teacher from zone 6 sends the ball to zone 2, where students alternately go and pass the ball to zone 3.
8. Same as ex. 7, but students are lined up in zone 5, and the teacher sends the ball to zone 4.
9. Moving those involved in the opposite column after the oncoming transfer of the ball.
10. Moving with side steps along the net and knocking balls out of holders.
11. From zone 4 exit to the net, jump and imitation of an attacking blow.
12. Stepping forward and receiving attacking blows.
13. Individual and group exercises with moving around the site and performing game techniques (see the following sections about them).
Fig.7
Passing the ball with two hands from above
Receiving and passing the ball is the basis on which the attacking and defensive actions of a volleyball player are built. The success of further education largely depends on how skillfully those involved in these techniques master.
Young volleyball players should be taught the ability to address the ball exactly according to the task, and for this it is important to correctly master the technique of its implementation: the volleyball player takes the starting position (Fig. 7, frame 1) - the arms are bent at the elbows, the hands are in front of the face, the fingers are spread apart and directed upwards, forming "bucket", elbows directed forward - to the sides, legs shoulder-width apart, half-bent - one slightly in front of the other, the body is slightly tilted forward (frame 2). During the transfer, the fingers come into contact with the ball and, cushioning, soften the forward movement (frame 3). Then, by a coordinated extension of the arms, torso and legs, the ball is given a forward and upward movement (frame 4). In the final phase of the pass, the volleyball player fully extends his arms, torso and legs, and accompanies the ball with his hands (frame 5).
Before proceeding with the study of passing the ball, students should learn the following:
when performing the reception, it is necessary to move so that by the time the ball is passed, you will be in the starting position;
at the time of the transfer, you need to touch the ball with the phalanxes of your fingers;
in order to avoid injuries in the starting position, the thumbs should not be put forward;
before performing the reception itself, the torso must be turned in the direction of transmission;
at the time of the transfer, the extension of the arms, torso and legs is performed simultaneously, the ball is accompanied by the hands until they are fully extended;
when performing the first and second passes, passing the ball in front of you, above you and behind your head, the position of the hands is different;
after the transmission is completed, you must immediately assume the standby position.
In order to qualitatively perform the transfer of the ball with two hands from above, the student must be able to:
take a starting position;
place brushes in front of the face ("bucket");
quickly move 3-5 m forward, backward, to the sides and after moving, take the starting position;
push a stuffed ball (3 kg) with both hands from the head up and forward for a distance of 4 m.
Passing the ball with two hands from above is advisable to include in each lesson in order to consolidate the skills of performing this technique. Trainees should repeat it at each lesson 60-80 times.
Of all the variety of physical training means, the main attention should be paid to the means that develop the players' reaction speed, movement speed, jumping ability and agility.
Mastering the transmission technique from the very first lessons should be carried out on the move; at the same time, the attention of the players should be focused on the timely exit under the flying ball and maintaining a stable balance.
After the students master the basics of passing techniques in exercises without a net and near the net, they proceed to study them in conditions close to the game environment.
In one lesson, one new element should be studied. If another technique is being studied at the lesson, then work on the transmission technique can always precede it, and also be repeated during the lesson.
Most of the exercises chosen to study the technique of passing the ball should be aimed at developing the tactical thinking of the player.
For the development of attention, activity and mobility of volleyball players, it is advisable to teach them to pass the balls sent from different areas of the site. As you master such exercises, you should move on to others - send balls along various trajectories, change the pace, strength and direction of the ball's flight.
It is useful to introduce competitive elements into exercises - this allows you to quickly and firmly form the necessary physical and volitional qualities,
It is better to pass the ball after moving in static position, standing facing in the direction of the intended transfer (it is not recommended to pass on the move). It is more expedient to pass the ball for a kick higher (3-4 m), 50-60 cm from the net, since on initial stage learning it is still difficult for those involved in coordinating their actions during the run, jump and impact. Having completed the transfer, the students should not be turned off from the game: the active safety net of their attacker after the transfer is the direct responsibility of the player passing the ball.
Errors encountered when passing the ball with two hands from above:
2. Incorrect starting position before receiving the ball and passing:
hands are out of time;
position is unstable;
legs are not bent knee joints.
3. Asymmetrical position of the brushes.
4. Thumbs pointing forward.
5. Excessive dorsiflexion of the hands.
6. Hands in elbow joints too bent.
7. The ball is received at chest level or behind the head.
8. There is no depreciation phase.
9. The ball is received with too tense or relaxed fingers.
10. Brushes do not accompany the ball.
11. There is no coordination in the movements of the arms, torso, legs,
Preparatory exercises
Preparatory exercises for learning to pass the ball with two hands from above should include exercises that help strengthen the musculoskeletal apparatus of the hands and fingers; movement on the hands, throws and catching stuffed balls from various positions along various trajectories; exercises for the development of responses to sound and visual signals; coordination exercises; exercises to develop speed and agility.
Lead up exercises
1. Throwing volleyballs up and down. Those involved in the starting position hold the ball with their hands, fingers wide apart; elbows out to the side. Simultaneous and full extension of the arms, torso and legs produce a ball throw. Exercise is performed at a slow and medium pace.
2. Imitation of the transfer of the ball. The students, having tossed the ball, catch it, taking the starting position, and then, imitating the movement during the transfer, throw it to their partners. The main attention is paid to the coordination of movements of the arms, torso and legs.
3. Passing a ball suspended from a basketball backboard or secured by a holder (“falling ball”). Those involved from the starting position, taken when passing the ball, beat off the ball falling from above with a springy movement of the fingers. Arms, torso and legs are unbent at the same time (Fig. 8).
4. In pairs. One student throws the ball in front of him and directs it to his partner with a pass from above. The partner catches the ball and returns it in the same way. Students should be drawn to the need to take a ready position before passing and touch the ball with their fingers in a jerky movement.
Reception of the ball with two hands from below
Reception of the ball with two hands from below is used when receiving a serve, when playing in defense, including when insuring and interrupting balls flying far outside the area through the net. The technique for doing it is as follows.
Being in the ready position (Fig. 8, frame 1)
Rice. 8
legs shoulder-width apart or wider, parallel or one in front of the other, knees bent, arms straightened and directed forward and down, elbows close to each other, forearms supinated, hands joined, torso slightly tilted forward (frame 2). When making a reception, the player is positioned so that the ball is in front of him (frame 3). The ball is taken on the forearms, closer to the hands (frame 4). Movement with straight arms forward and upward is performed only in the shoulder joints. The trunk is straightened, the legs are actively unbent. The movement that accompanies the ball is performed by further extension of the legs and torso, as well as a smooth movement of the arms forward and upward following the ball (frame 5).
The technique for performing this technique is different depending on the speed of the ball and the height of its trajectory in relation to the player. When the ball flies above the level of the belt with an insignificant speed, the player receives it with two hands from below, being in a stable position of the middle stance, with a smooth counter movement of the arms straightened forward and upward, straightening the torso and the final active extension of the legs.
The technique of receiving the ball with two hands from below, flying at high speed at waist level, is distinguished by a higher initial position of the volleyball player. The torso tilt forward is less significant; there is also no active counter movement of the hands. In the phase of depreciation and rebound of the ball from the hands, the player's torso slightly shifts back and up, about. c. that is, the body is located behind the area of \u200b\u200bsupport. The speed of hand movement becomes minimal, which helps to soften the impact and reduce the speed of the ball after it touches the hands.
The technique of receiving the ball with two hands from below, flying at high speed (18-20 m / s) below the level of the belt, is distinguished by a large bending of the legs at the knees in the initial position and by the fact that after the hands touch the ball, Fr. c. t. continues to decrease as a result of increased leg flexion. Slightly straightening the body, the volleyball player absorbs the blow by moving his hands back - down. After receiving the ball, the speed of the hands increases, and their movement is directed upwards. In this case, this is due not to active movement in the joints, but to the extension of the legs, their subsequent repulsion from the support, the straightening of the body and the movement of the body. c. t. player back-up.
Before proceeding with the development of this technique, students should learn the following:
it is necessary to move so that by the time the ball is received it is in its original position;
the ball is taken on the forearms, closer to the hands; if the forearms do not form a flat platform or are in a different position, then the reception quality and transmission accuracy deteriorate;
when receiving a ball flying at a low speed, the legs and torso are actively unbent; hands smoothly accompany the ball forward and upward;
the speed of moving the hands forward and upward at the moment of receiving the ball is the greater, the lower the speed of the ball, and vice versa;
after receiving the ball, the student must assume a ready position.
To ensure high-quality reception of the ball with two hands from below, the student must be able to:
take a position of readiness;
before receiving the ball, position your hands correctly - the forearms are supinated and are at the same level, the hands are connected;
quickly move forward, backward, to the sides by 5-7 m and after moving, take the starting position.
Receiving the ball with two hands from below is advisable to include in each lesson in the form of relay races against the wall, oncoming passes in order to constantly consolidate the skills of the players.
When improving this technique, one should not forget about passing the ball with two hands from above. It must be applied depending on the situation.
Errors encountered when performing a ball reception with two hands from below:
1. Untimely access to the ball.
2. Not correct position and hand movement:
located asymmetrically;
forearms are not supinated and are not sufficiently reduced;
arms are bent at the elbow joints.
3. Discrepancy between the speed of the movement of the hands and the oncoming speed of the ball.
4. Lack of coordination in the movement of the arms, torso and legs.
Preparatory exercises
A set of preparatory exercises for learning to receive the ball with two hands from below includes: exercises for developing mobility in the wrist and shoulder joints; throwing stuffed balls with two hands from below;
moving forward, sideways, backward; accelerations from various starting positions; relaxation exercises.
Lead up exercises
1. Imitation of receiving the ball - being in the starting position, the young volleyball player performs a series of movements that imitate the reception of the ball. The main attention should be paid to the consistency in the work of the arms, trunk and legs, to the correct position of the forearms (parallelism and supination).
2. Receiving the ball suspended from the backboard on the spot. Pay attention to the position of the arms, torso, legs.
3. Reception of the ball suspended from the shield after a lunge.
4. Same as ex. 3, but after moving.
5. In pairs. One student throws the ball, the other, assuming a starting position, brings his hands under the ball from below and catches it.
6. Same as ex. 5, but after the lunge.
7. Same as ex. 5, but after moving,
Submission reception
Receiving a serve is a technique on which the further course of a game episode depends. Mistakes made here will immediately result in the loss of a point. Poor reception makes it difficult to develop an attack. Due to the complexity of the execution, the serve reception requires a special approach in training and should take one of the main places in the training work. The submission technique is as follows.
Rice. 9
Having determined the method of serving the opponent, the volleyball player assumes a ready position - legs shoulder-width apart, one 20-30 cm in front of the other, slightly bent at the knees, the body is slightly tilted forward, arms bent at the elbows, the gaze is directed at the serving player (Fig. 9, frame 1). After the serve, having determined the direction, trajectory and speed of the ball, the volleyball player who receives the serve quickly moves to the place where the ball fell and takes the starting position - arms, torso and legs are located depending on the chosen method of receiving the ball. Players standing in zones 4 and 5 before receiving a serve are recommended to take a position - the left leg is advanced slightly forward, and the players standing in zones 2 and 1 are pushing their right foot slightly forward.
When receiving a two-handed overhand serve when the ball is moving with average speed, flexion of the legs in the ankle and knee joints, and the trunk - in the hip joint increases. The angle between the trunk and the shoulder decreases, the forearms are lowered slightly lower. This arrangement of hands is due to the more gentle trajectory of the ball after the serve (frame 2). At a high speed of the ball flight or during a gliding serve, the volleyball player bends his legs even more, the body deviates somewhat back (the body's o.c.t. is behind the support-frame 3) and, having completed the pass, crouching, rolls onto his back.
When receiving a serve with two hands from below in the initial position, the legs are bent at the knees and ankle joints, the torso is slightly tilted forward, the arms are straightened and directed forward and down, the forearms are supinated (frame 4). The ball is taken on the forearms, closer to the hands, the legs and torso are straightened. With an increase in the speed of the ball, the oncoming movement of the hands slows down.
Since the reception of the serve is a complex element of technique, the method of which may vary depending on the method of delivery and its tactical orientation, the trainee must learn the following:
the sooner the player who receives the serve determines how to execute it, the sooner he will be able to assume the correct position of readiness;
the sooner the direction, trajectory and speed of the ball after the serve are determined, the more time there will be to move towards the ball, take the starting position and select the method of receiving the serve;
the player receiving the pitch assumes in advance the direction of the ball transfer;
the quality of passing the ball after the serve depends on the timely and correct acceptance starting position;
when the ball flies at low speed along a high trajectory, it is more expedient to receive and pass it with two hands from above, then the transfer is more accurate;
when the ball flies at high speed at waist level, it is better to take it with two hands from below; this technique allows the player to remain in the reference position, which makes it possible to quickly engage in game actions, however, the accuracy of the transfer, as a rule, is somewhat reduced;
when receiving a serve with two hands from above, one should bend the legs at the knee and ankle joints more than when performing the second pass, the fingers are somewhat tense. If the ball flies fast, then you can take the serve with a fall-roll onto your back. To do this, the volleyball player goes under the ball, the hip joint is at the level of the knee, about. c. m. gravity of the body is lowered down and shifted beyond the support. The ball is taken in an unsupported position, the body is slightly tilted back, with an active movement of the hands, directing the ball forward and upward, followed by grouping and a fall-roll onto the pelvis - back. In order to avoid injuries when rolling onto the back, it is not recommended to set the arms to the sides - back for emphasis, the head should be tilted forward;
when receiving a serve with two hands from below, a lower stance should be taken. Hands when receiving the serve are lowered slightly lower than usual. Bending of the arms at the elbow joints is not allowed. Hand movement towards the ball is minimal and decreases as the speed of the ball increases. Forearms are put forward to the rapidly flying ball and at the moment of touching his hands are slightly taken back, absorbing the blow.
In order to successfully receive a submission, the student must be able to:
carry out the transfer of the ball with two hands from above, both in place and after movements, as well as with a fall-roll onto the back;
pass the ball with two hands from below both on the spot and after moving.
Since most of the balls from the serve hit the central part of the court (zones 5, 6 and 1), when teaching the reception of the serve, students should be positioned in such a way that they can provide a full-fledged reception. First, they are taught to receive serves, placing the players in two lines. Then, as the technique is mastered, they are rebuilt along a broken line. This method of arrangement is more reliable, since players move forward or backward faster than to the sides; however, they should not stand close to each other.
When accepting a planning serve, the players disperse somewhat: each operates in a certain zone and, moving, at the time of the serve, takes a convenient position to receive the ball.
When teaching those involved in the technique of receiving the serve, one should focus on the following details: strive to be sure to teach them how to receive the serve both with two hands from below and with two hands from above; choose the right place on the court and move to the flying ball in a timely manner; to insure the player receiving the serve; going out to receive the ball first, receive it;
having accepted the serve, try to pass the ball to a predetermined zone.
Errors encountered when receiving a submission:
1. The player receiving the serve is too close to the net or to the end (side) line.
2. The player has not accepted the position of readiness.
3. Belated reaction to the served ball.
4. Untimely exit to the flying ball.
5. An attempt to receive the ball and the refusal of the intended actions, misleading the partner.
6. Belated choice of the method of receiving the feed.
7. The player performs an oncoming movement with his hands towards the ball, not taking into account the speed and trajectory of the ball; bends the arms at the elbow joints.
8. The ball received after the serve is not brought to the passing player.
Preparatory exercises
Preparatory exercises for teaching the reception of the serve are aimed at developing the students' response to the action of the teacher or partner, at strengthening the muscles of the fingers and hands, developing the speed of movements without the ball and with the ball, as well as dexterity (the ability to perform somersaults, falls-rolls on the back to the left , right, etc.).
Lead up exercises
1. In pairs. Students are located at a distance of 5-6 m from each other. One player throws the ball up and with a strong blow on an average trajectory directs it to a partner. The ball must be received with two hands from above.
2. Same as ex. 1, but the practitioner, hitting the ball, directs it in a low trajectory, below the receiver's waist. The ball is received with two hands from below.
3. Students are located on one side of the site, the teacher with the ball is on the opposite side, at the place of delivery. By tossing the ball, the teacher imitates various ways filing. Players on assignment with a lower straight serve take a step forward, with an upper straight serve step back, with a lower side serve step to the left, with an upper side serve step to the right.
4. In pairs. Those involved are located on opposite side lines of the site. One player directs the ball to a partner along different trajectories and at different speeds, the other must go towards the ball, take a starting position and take it from above or below with both hands. The reception method is chosen arbitrarily, depending on the situation. It is not recommended to abuse the reception of the ball from below.
5. Same as ex. 4, but one student receives balls from two partners who alternately send him in various ways.
6. Two or three students stand on the sideline 2 m from each other and take the balls sent to them by two players alternately from a distance of 9 m.
7. In pairs. Those involved are located on both sides of the site 5 m from the net. One player kicks the ball through the net along the middle trajectory to the partner, and he, having come out to meet the ball, takes it with both hands from above and passes it to the player standing in zone 3.
8. Same as ex. 7, but the practiser, hitting the ball over the net, directs it in a low trajectory. The partner receives the ball with both hands from below.
Submissions
Serve is not only for putting the ball into play. She is also effective tool, hindering or frustrating the opponent's attack. Since the serve is the beginning of all game episodes, the course of the game depends on the ability to perform it and correctly implement it tactically.
According to the method of execution, the most accessible at the initial stage of training are the lower straight and side feeds, as well as the upper straight feed.
Experience has shown that the consistent execution of movements, where the tossing the ball up is preceded by lifting up (upper serve) or pulling down (lower) the beating arm, and then followed by a low toss of the ball (0.4-0.6 m) and a blow, greatly facilitates the serve. . Students do not have to distribute their attention and efforts to two simultaneous movements (tossing the ball and backswing), as a result, fewer mistakes are made, and hence greater delivery efficiency.
The technique for performing the lower straight feed is as follows. Starting position - standing facing the net, legs shoulder-width apart, knees bent, left in front (for a right-hander), the ball is in the palm of a bent left hand located at waist level, the player looks at the opposite site (Fig. 10, frame 1). He takes his right hand back for a swing, transfers the weight of the body to the leg standing behind, and looks at the ball (frame 2). With the movement of the left hand, the top throws the ball 0.4-0.6 m. The leg standing behind, unbends, transfers the weight of the body to the standing
Rice. 10
Rice. eleven
the leg is in front, the body turns slightly to the left, the right hand leads down - forward (the hand is slightly tense, the fingers are connected) and hits the ball (frame 3).
The technique for performing the top straight feed is as follows. Starting position - standing facing the net, feet shoulder-width apart, left in front (for the right-hander), the ball in bent arms at chest level, the palm of the left hand from below, the gaze is directed at the opponent's court (Fig. 11, frame 1). The player takes the right hand to swing back, the elbow is directed to the side - up. The weight of the body transfers to the right leg, the body slightly bends;
ball in the palm of the left hand, look at the ball (frame 2). By moving the left hand upwards, the player throws the ball in front of him 0.6-0.8 m above his head (frame 3). Unbending the supporting leg, the weight of the body transfers to the leg in front, the body slightly bends, straightening the arm (the hand is slightly tense, the fingers are connected), and hits the ball (frame 4). After the impact, the hand, accompanying the ball, bends; lowers the arm down, bends the body and turns it to the left (frame 5),
When teaching how to serve the ball, the student must learn the following:
the result of the serve depends on the correct starting position;
the ball is thrown vertically upwards;
the ball is hit with a straightened arm;
the direction of its flight depends on where the brush is applied to the ball, and the speed of the flight itself depends on the force of the blow.
Before proceeding with the submission, athletes must:
learn to take the starting position;
be able to throw a stuffed ball (1-3 kg) with the right hand from the bottom forward-up (for the lower straight serve) and from behind the head (for the upper straight serve) to a distance of at least 6 m.
It is necessary to explain to the trainees that the ball is struck with the base of the palm and not in full force. Passion for a strong blow is usually reflected in the technique of submission.
If serving training is not included in the task of the lesson, then at the end of it, each volleyball player must carry out at least 10 serves. For example, you can organize competitions for accuracy.
It is recommended to feed for accuracy to the landmarks marked on the opposite side of the platform. It is advisable to apply 5-10 times to each zone. It is advisable to move on to teaching the lower side and especially the upper side serve after young volleyball players have mastered these exercises.
It is advisable to perform feeds at different intervals (within 5 seconds).
When mastering the tactics of innings, those involved should strive to make it difficult for the opponent to receive the ball - to serve to a player who has poor command of the technique, to complicate the organization of the attack. When serving, you should not rush, even if you managed to win several points in a row and the opponent is confused, the pace of the game will not accelerate, and the risk of making a mistake will increase.
Errors encountered when performing a ball serve:
1. Wrong starting position.
2. The ball is tossed forward, to the side or behind the head.
3. Too little or too much swing to strike.
4. The ball is kicked with the arm bent at the elbow joint.
5. The hand of the striking hand is too relaxed or tense.
6. There is no sweeping movement with the brush when applying for force.
7. When swinging, the weight of the body is not transferred to the leg standing behind.
8. At the moment of impact, do not turn the shoulders.
9. After the impact, the weight of the body is not transferred to the front leg.
Preparatory exercises
A set of preparatory exercises for teaching serving should include exercises to strengthen the muscles of the arms, chest and abdominals, throwing stuffed balls, exercises with partner resistance, with a rubber shock absorber.
Lead up exercises
1. Repeated acceptance of the starting position.
2. Multiple tossing the ball up and swinging the striking hand (imitation).
3. Multiple tossing of the ball and catching it at the moment of impact (the left hand blocks the path of the ball).
4. Imitation of serving - hitting the ball fixed in the holder.
5. In pairs. Those involved are located on opposite side lines of the site. One player serves, the other catches the ball.
6. Feeds into the wall from a distance of 6-9 m not lower than the line drawn at the height of the grid.
7. Submissions through the net from a distance of 7-8 m from the net.
8. Same as ex. 7, but serving to the left, right half of the court.
Special exercises
1. Submission within the site from the place of submission.
2. Submission to the right, left halves of the site.
3. Submission to the near, far part of the site.
4. Competitions for the accuracy of hitting the established square.
5. Alternating methods of serving (upper, lower, etc.).
6. Competition for the fulfillment of the number of innings set by the teacher.
7. Feeds for accuracy in zones 1, 6, 5, etc.
8. Power feeds (upper straight and side),
Forward kick
The main and most common way to execute an attacker impact - straight an attacking hit "on the move", in which the direction of the ball's flight after the hit coincides with the direction of the volleyball player's run before the jump.
There is also a side kick.
There is an attacking blow and, according to the method of tactical implementation, strikes with translation and deception. Each of them has a specific tactical focus. Depending on the game situation, i.e. on the direction and height of the passes, the location of the block and the defending players of the enemy, the attacking player tries to choose the most rational way of hitting for a particular game situation, allowing him to overcome the block of the enemy or send the ball with a deceptive blow to a less protected zone.
If a volleyball player knows only one way to hit, he can be easily neutralized, as the blockers quickly adapt to his style of play.
The attacking kick in volleyball is the most difficult to learn. This is due to the fact that for its implementation it is necessary to have good physical data, as well as to learn how to combine a number of actions that are complex in terms of semantic and motor tasks, such as a run, choosing a place of repulsion, a jump with a swing to hit a flying ball at the highest point of the jump. Since all these actions take place within 1-3 seconds. and the conditions for performing an attacking strike are constantly changing (untimely attacker, inaccurate transfer, the influence of knocking factors), it is understandable why volleyball players master this technique for quite a long time.
Rice. 12
The technique of the most common direct attacking strike (in the course of the run) is as follows. Having determined the possible direction of the ball's flight, the volleyball player, gradually accelerating, rushes to the place of repulsion to perform an attacking blow (Fig. 12, frames 1,2). The start of the run and its speed depend on the distance and trajectory of the ball. At the last step of the run, the hands move down - back, the volleyball player performs a jump on the right leg put forward (frame 3) and, placing the left one, lands on parallel feet, bending the legs (frame 4). By swinging his arms forward and upward and extending his legs, he jumps up (frame 5). The left hand after the swing movement is held at shoulder level. The right hand, carrying out the swing, bends at the elbow joint, takes the shoulder back, bends the torso, bends the legs at the knee joints (frame 6). The ball is hit by bending the torso and straightening the right arm, which moves towards the ball; lowers his left arm down, unbends his legs (frame 7). The right hand, accompanying the ball (the hand is bent), goes down (frames 8, 9). The volleyball player lands on bent legs (frame 10).
In order to more successfully and better master the attacking blow, the practitioner must learn the following provisions.
The attacker needs to have an instant reaction, high speed, a high jump, and be dexterous.
The attacking strike includes a run-up, a push, an actual attacking strike and a landing.
The start of the run-up depends on the location of the attacker and the setter, as well as on the trajectory and speed of the ball. Tentatively due: if the transfer is made along the average trajectory, then with a distance between the players of 3-5 m, you should go to the ball at the time of the transfer, if the distance is 2-3 m - before the transfer, if 6-8 m - after the transfer.
The speed of the player's movement to the net and the jump depends on the trajectory of the ball - the higher the trajectory, the lower the speed of movement, and vice versa.
The volleyball player corrects his actions in relation to the flying ball both during the run-up and during the repulsion: with a high pass trajectory - at the beginning of the run-up, with a shooting pass - at the end.
When jumping onto a support, the foot of the forward leg is placed from the heel (stopping step), which allows you to increase the height of the jump and prevents excessive forward movement after the push.
Before pushing off from the support, the feet are parallel.
The height of the jump, which creates the prerequisites for the successful execution of an attacking blow, depends on the speed and consistency of the movements when jumping (swinging the arms down and back, putting the left (right) foot forward, swinging the arms forward and up with simultaneous repulsion from the support).
With a fairly effective swing of the right hand in the jump and bending torsos of legs and bend at the knee joints - the player assumes the position of a "stretched bow",
The ball is kicked with a straightened arm in front of the body.
The strength of the attacking blow depends on the vigorous contraction of the muscles of the abdomen, chest and arm and the subsequent sharp bending of the wrist at the wrist joint and lowering the striking arm down.
Preparing himself to perform an attacking blow, the student must be able to:
respond quickly to a moving object (reaction time within 0.20-0.25 sec.);
develop accelerations on segments of 3-5 m;
jump up with a push with both legs so that the middle of the forearm touches the upper cable of the volleyball net;
standing on the floor, hit a stuffed ball (2 kg) seven times out of ten in a circle with a diameter of 1 m from a distance of 6 m, swinging from behind the head.
In a number teaching aids in volleyball, it is recommended to start learning an attacking strike with passes 3-4 m long, since it is believed that it is easier for a beginner to coordinate his output with the movement of the ball. Experience with beginners shows that when training for an offensive hit begins first from a place or from a step on a vertically tossed ball, and then after a short run-up on a ball flying along a medium trajectory from a short distance, then the effect is more noticeable.
At the beginning of classes, it is advisable to use a dissected teaching method. To do this, it is recommended to teach those involved in striking the ball on the spot, then in a jump, and only then in a jump after a run.
The initial run-up should be no more than 3 m at an angle of 45-50° to the net. It is appropriate to recall the correct landing - landing on the heels of almost straightened legs (hard landing) should be avoided, which often leads to injury.
Hitting the ball at the beginning should not be strong. As you master the attacking blow, it is advisable to alternate strong and weak blows.
Errors encountered when performing an attacking strike:
1. Untimely and inaccurate run-up (inconsistency of the run-up and jump with speed, the trajectory of the ball, as well as the place of repulsion) - the player runs under the ball.
2. There is no stopping step when jumping onto a support (long jump).
3. Insufficiently energetic swing of the arms before the jump.
4. Double pounce before jump.
5. Uncoordinated movement of arms and legs during repulsion.
6. The player jumps early and does not get the ball.
7. When swinging, the hand is moved to the side, the swing is performed with an excessively tense hand.
8. Large torso deflection during swing.
9. Hitting the ball with the arm bent at the elbow.
10. The brush does not cover the top of the ball.
11. There is no final movement with the brush.
12. Landing on heels and no cushioning on landing.
Preparatory exercises
Preparatory exercises for teaching attacking strikes should be aimed at developing the reaction of students to sound and visual signals, as well as the strength of the muscles of the arms, torso and legs, speed of movement, speed of movement and jumping ability, the ability to alternate muscle tension and relaxation.
Lead up exercises
1. In pairs. Students are located at a distance of 6 m from each other and alternately perform blows with their right (left) hand on the ball lying on the palm of the left (right) hand extended forward and upward, directing it to the floor. The bouncing ball is caught by the partner. The blow should be made with a straight hand.
2. The upper cable of the volleyball net is attached to the upper hook of one post and to the lower hook of the other. The practitioner, standing on the floor, is located somewhat sideways to the net (with the left shoulder for the right-hander) so that the upper cable is at the level of his head. The exercise is the same as ex. 1, but the ball is knocked over the net. The brush covers the ball with a sweeping motion. The right hand after the attacking blow is lowered without delay without touching the nets (Fig. 13).
3. Same as ex. 2, but left-handed
Rice. 13 Fig. 14 Fig. 15Rice. 16
throw the ball, and with the right they interrupt it over the net. When performing an attacking blow, you can rise on your toes.
4. The holder with the ball is fixed on the net so that the ball is 10 cm away from the net and is 20 cm higher than it (Fig. 14). The trainee, being 1 m from the net, performs an attack on both legs and, jumping up, knocks the ball out of the holder. The brush covers the ball with a sweeping motion. The right hand after the attacking blow is lowered down without touching the nets.
Instead of a holder, you can use a ball suspended from a fishing line (Fig. 15), or hold the ball in the palm of your hand (Fig. 16).
5. Those involved are lined up. Take a step on command right foot, putting the left one, and, at the same time, moving the hands down and back, fix the semi-squat.
6. Same as ex. 5, but the semi-squat is fixed after a run of 2-3 steps.
7. Same as ex. 6, but those who are engaged, having completed a run-up, and then a swoop, jump up. At the moment of the jump, they make an active wave of the arms forward and upward without delay in the semi-squat position.
8. Same as ex. 7, but those who are engaged, jumping up, imitate a blow with their right hand.
9. Same as ex. 4, but an attacking hit through the net is performed with a tennis ball after a run-up of 2-3 steps.
A set of exercises for learning to play volleyball
Exercises for learning and perfecting top gear
1. The player performs successive one after the other transfers of the ball over him. Passing height - medium and high: 1.5 and 2.5 m. During the exercise, one must strive so that the player does not allow significant movements. This is an indicator correct execution tasks.
2. The player performs one after another pass over him, clapping his hands behind his back between passes. The transmission must be high enough.
3. While walking, the player performs up-forward passes over himself.
4. The player throws the ball forward and upward, runs after the ball and passes over him.
5. The same, the transfer is performed by a partner.
6. The player passes the ball to the wall repeatedly. Inaccuracies in the transfers create additional difficulties for the player. Thus, he is accustomed to the accuracy of the actions performed. The distance of the player from the wall is 2.5-3 meters.
7. The same, while the height of the transmission changes in turn.
8. The player performs two passes: the first in the direction of the wall, the second over him after the ball bounces off the wall.
9. Players stand in two lines. The distance between the players is 5–6 m. Players in pairs pass the ball, trying to accurately pass it to each other.
10. The same, the players perform mutual passes in three different trajectories: high, medium and low. (You need to set a specific sequence.)
11. Taking the ball from the coach (distance 5–6 m), each player performs two passes: over himself and towards the partner. (Practicers need to know the difference in the position of the hands and forearms to perform the first and second transfers.)
12. The player with the ball starts the exercise, directing the ball to the right, left and in front of him. The partner must determine the direction of the pass and, quickly approaching the ball, send it exactly back. (After 12-15 passes, the players switch roles.)
13. The distance between the players is 7–8 m. Each player has a ball, at the same time the players pass to each other along a high trajectory (it is necessary to strive for the exercise to be performed continuously).
14. The distance is the same. The player with the ball stands with his back to a partner, passes over himself, then turns 180 ° and performs the next pass to a partner, the partner immediately returns the ball back. (After 12–14 passes, the players switch places.)
15. Players stand facing each other at a distance of 9 meters. The player with the ball sends the ball 2–3 m, then catches up and passes to the partner, and he returns to his original position. The second player does the same. (Number of gears 10–15.)
16. Players are separated by a net. Through it, the players pass the ball to each other, each strives to make an accurate pass. Then the players increase or shorten the distance (the exercise is performed for 2 minutes).
17. The distance between the players is 5–6 m. The player with the ball performs a pass above himself to a height of 3–4 m, then in a jump he gives it to his partner, the other player performs the same (10–15 passes in total).
18. players stand in threes in zones 2, 4, 6. The forward player of zone 6 holds the ball, he starts the exercise by sending the ball in the direction of the player in zone 2. The exercise is also performed when the direction of passes and movements of the players changes to the opposite.
19. Passing the ball from deep in the court after moving. A group of 3-4 players stand in the first zone, one ball carrier in the 2nd zone passes to the first player in the 1st zone, then this player moves to the 6th zone, where the next pass from the passer from 2- th zone, and then from the 4th zone, then the first player from the group returns to the 1st zone and stands at the end of the group, etc.
20. Players take turns passing the ball to each other, after which they move to take place at the end of the adjacent group (moving clockwise). Groups of players stand by 2-3 people conditionally in the corners of a triangle or rectangle.
21. Passing the ball along the net. Six players from both sides of the net are arranged in groups of three in the 1st and 5th zones. Players from the 5th zone go out, make a pass along the net, then “diving” under the net, moving, take a position at the end of the opposite column of players, and players from the 1st zone move in the same way towards (5-6 minutes are performed).
Exercises for learning and improving the lower transmission and reception of the ball from below
1. Reception of the ball from below - the partner throws the ball (distance 2–3 m, which then gradually increases to 10–15 m).
2. At the wall: hitting the ball from below repeatedly, the counter movement of the arms is insignificant and is carried out mainly due to the extension of the legs.
3. Throw the ball up and forward, catch up and perform a reception from below after it bounces 10-15 times.
4. Reception of the ball from below in motion along the perimeter of the volleyball court, the ball is not lower than 1.5–2 m.
5. The player with the ball stands at the net, the partner is at a distance of 6–7 m. The first player throws the ball, the second one beats it off, sitting down with a bottom reception, 10–15 times, then the players change places.
6. The same, only the player standing at the net performs the top pass exactly on the partner.
7. The same, only the player standing at the net directs the ball towards the partner with a normal kick.
8. Two players stand with balls at the net. Alternately, they send them in an arbitrary way in front of them. The 6th zone player must move to the right, then to the left (etc.) and each time pass the ball from below to the net. After 5-6 such passes, his place is taken by the next player of the 6th zone. The exercise is repeated.
9. The player of the 3rd zone, having two balls, sends them alternately in an arbitrary way to the players of the 6th zone, within the limits of the site, each of which directs the ball in the lower way to the 3rd zone. The direction of the transfer is determined by the teacher.
10. Receiving a serve in the 6th zone at the offensive line and passing to the 3rd zone.
11. Reception of the serve in zones 6, 5, 1 at the offensive line and the first transfer to zones 2, 4.
12. In pairs - serve the upper straight line and receive the ball. The distance between those involved is 8–10 m.
13. The same through the grid.
It should be noted that the skill of receiving the serve is formed much more successfully if the lower straight serve is first applied. Trainees master bottom serve skills relatively quickly and make fewer mistakes (losses of serve). In addition, the ball can be sent accurately with the bottom serve, which is of particular importance in the reception of the serve exercises.
Exercises for learning and improving the technique of an attacking blow
1. Teaching the rhythm of take-off, repulsion and jump, jump up from a run one, two, three steps.
2. Brush strokes on the ball - standing still, against the wall, in pairs.
3. Throws tennis ball over the net in a running jump.
4. Hits over the net after a two or three step run with the teacher tossing the ball.
5. Direct attacking three-step running kick from the 4th zone, and then from the 2nd zone. The height of the ball is 1.5–2 m.
6. Direct hit from the transfer of a partner standing in the 3rd zone.
7. Attacker hit in pairs from own toss.
8. The same with the transfer partner.
9. Forward strikes from both sides from the pass of the passer.
10. Each attacker, having three balls, performs an attacking kick from the transfer of the setter to zones 1, 6, 5 (from the starting position in zones 4, 2).
11. Hitting from a low, short pass.
Exercises to learn and improve blocking technique
1. Jumping at the net with imitation of blocking in place 15-20 times.
2. The same from one step 15-20 times.
3. The same with a run from the attack line 10-15 times.
4. Jumps along the net for each side step with imitation of a single block.
5. Imitation of a block in 2, 3, 4 zones, moving along the grid with a cross step.
6. Exercise in pairs, the players stand on opposite sides of the net, the player with the ball jumps out and throws the ball from top to bottom with both hands: left, right, forward, and the other, blocking, jumps out and closes the ball's movement.
7. The blocker stands in zone 2 (3, 4), and the players of the group take turns attacking blows along the way from zone 4 (3, 2) from the opposite side of the net.
When blocking, especially double, it is necessary to pay more attention to the clarity of movement. During a double block, it is important that the players do not interfere with each other, act in concert when moving and directly in the jump.
Exercises for learning and improving the technique of serving
1. Mastering the toss of the ball. The ball is in the palm of the left hand. Throw it vertically upwards to a height of 60-80 cm and let it fall to the floor 15-20 times.
2. Mastering the shock movement. With a straight hand, the player knocks the ball from the palm of the left hand straightened at the level of the waist - for a direct lower serve; knocking down the ball located on the fingers of the straightened forward-up left hand - for a direct overhead serve.
3. The player takes a ready stand 6 meters from the net, the ball is in the palm of his left hand - swing with his right hand, throw the ball up and hit it over the net with a right hand.
4. Five innings in a row from behind the end line in bounds.
5. Submissions to the right, left halves of the site.
6. Submissions to the far, near parts of the site.
7. Serving the ball, alternating different ways (from below, from above).
8. Feeds for accuracy sequentially to zones 1, 6, 5, 4, 2.
9. Force feeds - upper straight and lateral.
Literature
1. Kleshchev Yu. N. Volleyball. – M.: FIS, 1983.
2. Zheleznyak Yu. D. et al. Mass volleyball. - Tashkent, 1994.
3. Furmanov A. G., Boldyrev D. M. Volleyball. – M.: FIS, 1983.
4. Eingorn A., Matsudaira Ya. So win. - St. Petersburg: MP RIC.
5. Fidler M. Volleyball: Per. with him. – M.: FIS, 1972.
6. Eingorn A. 500 exercises for volleyball players. – M.: FIS, 1959.
7. Oinuma S. Volleyball lessons. – M.: FIS, 1985.
8. Zheleznyak Yu. D., Kleshchev Yu. N., Chekhov O. S. Training of young volleyball players. – M.: FIS, 1967.
9. Ayriyants A. G. Volleyball: Proc. - 2nd ed., corrected. and additional – M.: FIS, 1975.
Lead up exercises directly aimed at mastering the structure technical reception. Simulation exercises are also referred to as lead-in exercises. Leading exercises facilitate the conditions for performing the reception and prevent the appearance of a number of errors.
The game of volleyball involves sudden and rapid movements, jumps, falls and other actions. In this regard, a volleyball player must have an instant reaction, speed of movement on the court, a high speed of muscle contraction, jumping ability and other qualities in certain combinations. The systematic development of physical qualities contributes to the successful mastery of game techniques and tactical interactions. The implementation of the necessary game techniques is possible only under the condition of perfect mastery of their technique. A specific feature of volleyball is that no technique can be performed in isolation, as it is associated with other techniques performed by teammates or an opponent.
Volleyball technique is divided into two parts: attack technique and defense technique. Attack techniques include: serve, pass, strike. To the technique of protection - receiving the ball and blocking. Movements in volleyball, both in attack and defense, are identical, but with some specifics, consisting in a lower or higher position of the player's stance.
Movement technique. Movements are performed in the form of walking, running, jumps, lunges. But before performing one or another technique of the game, the volleyball player must take a certain stance or position that provides the opportunity to perform the necessary movement in a timely manner.
According to the degree of bending of the legs at the knees and hip joints There are three types of racks: high, medium and low. Being in a certain stance, a volleyball player sometimes stands motionless or moves slightly by stepping from side to side, transferring body weight from one leg to another. Based on the previous movement, the racks have some features. For example, the stance of a player preparing to serve is different from that of a player preparing to block.
Walking is performed with a regular, double, bending and side step. Running is characterized by starting accelerations and sudden changes in direction followed by stops. The last step is performed with a locking movement. When receiving a ball flying somewhat to the side, a volleyball player can lunge. More fast way moving a short distance is a leap, which is used more in defensive actions.
Movement exercises:
- 1. Those involved are located behind the front line of the site and take the position of the player's conditioned stance. According to a certain signal (visual or auditory), they move with a double or side step, jump or lunge (to the right, to the left, to the sides).
- 2. Those involved are located in ranks behind the end line. On a certain signal, they run to the net, then back forward back. The same, but with an imitation of a certain game technique.
- 3. Students are located in two columns in zones 1 and 5. On a signal, they run to zone 6, stop and imitate a certain game technique.
- 4. Location in the ranks. Starting accelerations forward, to the right, to the left from various positions: sitting facing and back to the direction of movement; lying on your back and on your stomach with your head and legs in the same direction.
- 5. Arrangement in a column, one behind the end line. The first player from zone 1 accelerates to zone 2, from where he moves along the net with side steps to zone 4, and then back forward, back to zone 5. From zone 5, the player moves to zone 6, where, after stopping and simulating receiving the ball from below with two hands, goes to the end of the column.
- 6. Location is the same as in exercise 5. The first player accelerates to zone 6, simulates receiving the ball from below with one hand, then moves to zone 2, where he simulates an attacking hit. From zone 2 he returns backwards to zone 6, from where, having run to zone 4 to the net, he performs blocking, again moves backwards to zone 6 and goes to the end of the column.
In order to better master the technique of performing movement, it is recommended to use various outdoor games. So, for example: "Vigilant Eye", "Falling Stick", "Day and Night".
"Sharp eye". While walking or running on a visual signal, students perform predetermined actions. For example, a raised hand means that the students must lunge forward and assume the volleyball player's conditioned stance. Option: both hands raised up mean that you need to perform two or three side steps, take a low stance of a volleyball player and imitate a pass with two hands from above.
"Falling stick". Those involved are built in a circle with a diameter of 6-7 m, calculated in order. In the center of the circle is the leader, who holds the stick, which is in a vertical position, by the upper end. The driver calls the number of one of the players and releases the upper end of the stick. The one who was called should make a lunge and, without letting the stick fall, pick it up. If he managed to complete the task, then he returns to his place, and if he did not have time, he replaces the driver, and the game continues. Gradually, the distance to the stick increases, and the players perform a run, followed by a jump and a stop. Option: with the development of the skill of moving to a stick, it can be replaced with a ball and the “Falling Ball” game can be played.
"Day and night". Two teams stand in the middle of the site with their backs to each other at a distance of 1.5 - 2 m. One team is “day”, the other is “night”. Each team has a “house” on its side of the court. After the words of the driver “day”, “day” quickly runs away to his “house”, and “night” catches up. Then everyone returns to their original places; count those caught. The game is repeated. The team that catches the most opponents wins. Variations: The teams are called "Crows" and "Sparrows"; the players do not stand with their backs to each other, but sideways, facing, sitting.
Submissions. In volleyball, the following serves are used: the lower straight and side, the upper straight and side, the upper straight in the jump.
The lower straight serve is performed from a position in which the player is facing the net, the legs are bent at the knee joints, the left one is forward, the body weight is transferred to the right leg standing behind. The fingers of the left hand, bent at the elbow joint, support the ball from below. The right hand is pulled back for a swing, the ball is tossed up and forward at arm's length. The blow is performed by the counter movement of the right hand from the bottom forward, approximately at the level of the belt. The player simultaneously unbends the right leg and transfers body weight to the left. After the impact, an accompanying movement of the arm is performed in the direction of the serve, the legs and torso are straightened (Fig. 1).
Rice. 1
Identical to the lower straight serve, the lower side serve is performed, with the only difference being that the player is positioned sideways to the net and the kick is performed from the side. The serve with a high trajectory of the ball flight is characterized by the fact that the swing is performed in a plane perpendicular to the support, the striking arm is retracted down and back, and the ball is hit by a sharp and quick movement from below, along the half of the ball farthest from the net with the edge of the palm so that after hitting it received an anterior-posterior rotation. This filing is carried out in open areas or in gyms with a high ceiling.
Rice. 2
Top direct feed. In the initial position, the player is facing or half-turned to the net. Supporting the ball at shoulder level, the player evenly distributes body weight on the legs, the kicking arm is bent at the elbow joint and prepared for the swing. The ball is thrown slightly forward, up to 1 m above the outstretched arm. After tossing the ball with the kicking hand, a swing up and back is performed, the straight arm is pulled back. During the strike, the striking hand moves forward and upward, the strike is performed in front of the player. To give the ball rotation, it is necessary at the moment of impact to put the hand on the surface of the ball so that the direction of the impact force does not pass through the center of gravity of the ball, that is, move the hand to the side or up from the middle. In all cases, when serving with a high initial speed, the ball must rotate around a horizontal axis. Then it remains within the site, although it has the original forward-upward flight direction. To serve without spinning the ball and causing it to wobble, tossing the ball is done without spinning the ball. The ball is hit quickly and sharply with a tense brush. In this case, the ball will plan (Fig. 2). Recently, the jump serve has been increasingly used. Distinctive features its are: the use of a run-up (similar to an attacking strike), tossing the ball 1.5-2 m forward, a jump kick and landing after a hit within the area. There are also several top side feed methods. The ball is hit above the level shoulder joint standing sideways to the grid. Performing a serve with a rotation of the ball from a place, the player throws it almost overhead to a height of up to 1.5 m. With a kicking hand, he swings back and forth, the body weight is transferred to the leg corresponding to the kicking hand. The movement of the arm continues from back to front, the ball is hit from front to back, the body turns towards the net. The top side serve can also be performed after one or more steps, which makes it possible to increase the impact force (Fig. 3).
Rice. 3.
Serve drills:
- 1. The location of those involved in the line one at a time. Multiple tossing of the ball to different heights, depending on the method of delivery.
- 2. Students stand at the wall in a column one at a time. The first player tosses the ball and swings and hits the ball against the wall in the chosen way of serving, then goes to the end of the column, and the exercise continues with the next one.
- 3. Students stand in two lines at a distance of 5-6 m from each other. Players in the first rank serve to the side of the players in the second rank.
- 4. Those involved are located on both sides of the site in lines opposite the net, c. 5 - 6 m from it and serve in the chosen way through the net. The same, but those involved are located on the front lines of the site.
- 5. Those engaged in the column, one at a time, are located at the place of delivery and serve in the chosen way.
- 6. Serves are carried out in certain zones and according to landmarks located on the site.
Transfers. The game uses the transfer of the ball from above with two hands, being in the support position, in a jump and with falls.
Pass from above with two hands. In the initial positions, the player's torso is located vertically, the legs are shoulder-width apart or one leg is somewhat in front. The degree of bending of the legs depends on the height of the trajectory of the ball. Hands are carried out in front of the face, the hands are optimally tense. As the ball approaches, the player begins an oncoming movement by straightening his legs, torso and arms. When performing a shock movement at the moment of contact with the ball, the fingers first absorb the oncoming flight of the ball, then the hands and fingers straighten elastically and elastically, giving the ball a new translational motion. The index and middle fingers are the main striking part, the ring and little fingers hold the ball in the lateral direction. Giving the ball a new direction with a certain trajectory requires an increase in muscle effort, which is manifested in the coordinated movement of the legs, torso and arms (Fig. 4). When passing back, the player raises his arms, placing them with the back of his hands above his head, unbends his legs, tilts his body up and back. The transmission is performed by extending the arms in the elbow joints and moving the body back and forth, with simultaneous bending in the thoracic and lumbar parts of the spinal column.
Rice. 4
In the event that the ball flies high and is directed behind the player, an overhand pass is performed with two hands or one in a jump. During the jump, the arms are carried above the head slightly higher than when passing in the support. Pushing off the support, the player turns his arms up and passes at the highest point of the jump. When passing the ball in a jump back behind the head, the technique of movement remains the same as when passing from a support position. Passing the ball from above with two hands in a fall with a roll onto the back, with a fall on the hip-back is used when the ball flies directly at the player or away from him.
Rice. 5
Two-handed overhead pass exercises:
- 1. Standing 1.5-2 m from the wall, perform an upper pass into the wall to a height of 3-3.5 m, controlling your temporary movement of the player to the ball, the relative position of the body, arms, ball, the work of the volleyball player's legs.
- 2. Alternate top gear above you and into the wall.
- 3. Top gear with forward and sideways movement. During the transmission, look around. After moving, fix the rack.
- 4. Transfer in pairs. Distance 4-6 m. Here you need to make sure that the ball falls from above; for the timely adoption of the correct starting position before passing the ball; finally, to ensure that the legs are bent and the ball is received at the level of the upper face.
- 5. Transfer in triplets - "triangle". Distance between partners 4-6 m;
Partner standing on the right;
Partner on the left.
When passing, the player turns in the direction of the pass.
- 6. Counter transmission in columns. The distance between the columns is 4-6 m. Follow the correct stance, timely exit under the ball. Footwork.
- 7. Gearing forward. The coach stands at the net and throws the ball into zone 1 (5) at a distance of 1-1.5 m in front of the player. The player must come forward and pass the ball to the coach in zone 3 so that the ball drops with a medium trajectory. Pay attention to the timely approach of the player to the ball and the correct position of the arms, legs, torso during the transfer. Ensure that the player does not start stepping forward before the ball is thrown by the coach. The transmission must be directed up - forward; for this, the player's torso must be vertical.
- 8. Counter pass in columns along the grid with the transition of players to the opposite column.
- 9. Passing the ball from zone 6 to zone 3 and further to zone 4, from zone 4 to zone 6. Players change places along the ball.
- 10. Passing the ball from zone 6 to zone 3 and further to zone 2, from zone 2 to zone 6. Pay attention. So that the pass to zone 3 is at a distance of 0.5 -1 m from the net and the ball falls on the player. The player of zone 3 must, when passing, turn his face towards the direction of the ball, i.e. towards zone 4 or 2. The pass to zone 4 (2) must be made in such a way that it necessarily rises 1-1.5 m above the upper edge of the net and falls in front of the player standing in zone 4 (2), thereby creating the player the ability to follow the ball and the opponent's court.
- 11. The direction of the passes and movements of the players are the same as in the previous exercises, only the exercise starts in zone 1 or 5.
- 12. An addition is made to exercises 9, 10, 11: from zone 2 or 4 the ball does not return to its own court, but is transferred to the corresponding zones on the opposite side. Players change places on their side.
- 13. To complicate the previous exercise, you can put the second ball into action. The exercise is useful in that it increases the pace of its implementation and forces the player to mobilize maximum attention.
Attack blows. The game of volleyball uses direct, side attacking strikes and strikes with a twist of the hand and torso.
A direct attacking strike is characterized by a combination of movements that are complex in coordination (Fig. 5). Preparation for the execution of a direct attacking blow is carried out due to accelerated walking, turning into a run. The rhythm of the run-up significantly depends on the speed and trajectory of the ball passing to perform an attacking hit. The length of the run is 2-3 steps and a jump. In the jump, the foot of the forward leg is placed on the heel (stopping step), the second leg is attached to the first, the straightened arms are retracted. Repulsion from the support begins with a swinging movement of the arms in an arc from behind-forward-up even before active extension of the legs. In volleyball, the upward jump is usually as high as possible, so the player must push off as hard as possible. Simultaneously with the take-off, the player swings the striking arm up and back, bends in the chest and lower back, bends the legs slightly at the knee joints, takes the right shoulder (if the right hand is shock) back, the left hand, slightly bending at the elbow joint, takes it up and to the side . At the moment of hitting the ball, the kicking arm straightens at the elbow joint, the muscles of the abdomen, chest and arms stretched during the swing contract sharply. The arm is straightened, the hand is superimposed on the ball in a relaxed state, the blow is performed in a certain direction. After hitting the ball, the player lands on knees bent and on the front of the feet.
Rice. 6
When performing a side attacking strike, the movements are almost the same as a direct attacking strike. The difference is that when swinging and hitting, there is movement, as in the upper side serve (Fig. 6).
When performing attacking strokes with the transfer of the arm and body, the movements are almost similar to the direct attacking stroke, with the difference in the striking movement, in which the player, at the time of hitting the ball, turns the hand and torso in the direction he needs.
Rice. 7
Reception of the ball from below with two hands. Balls flying at waist level (or below the waist) are usually taken from below with both hands. In this case, the hands are connected together and brought forward. When the ball approaches, the player unbends his legs, the torso lifts slightly up and forward. The ball is hit with the forearms, then the arms are shifted forward and upward by straightening the torso and extending the legs (Fig. 7).
Reception of the ball from below with one hand. Balls flying far from the player are accepted with one hand, after the player's preliminary movement. The percussive movement is performed with a tense brush. Of great importance for successful play in defense is the reception of the ball from below with one hand in the fall forward or to the side, followed by sliding on the chest and stomach. Performing a lunge forward, and then a push with the foot, the player sends the torso down and forward, the hands for the upcoming swing movement are somewhat laid back. Simultaneously with the push, the leg located behind is swung upwards, the player's torso moves forward and upward, the angle of its inclination to the horizontal increases. The ball is hit in flight with the back of the hand or with the fist. After hitting the ball, the player stretches his arms forward and spreads to the sides slightly wider than his shoulders. When landing on hands, shock absorption is carried out mainly by the yielding movement of the belt upper limbs. The torso bends in the lower back, dropping down and forward until the chest and abdomen come into contact with the platform. Landing is accompanied by a sliding of the torso along the platform, while the chin deviates somewhat back.
It is very effective to receive the ball from below with one hand in the fall with a somersault over the shoulder after hitting the ball.
Blocking. Having determined the direction and height of the transfer of the ball for an attacking strike, the player moves to the intended meeting place with the ball with side steps, a jump or a slow run. At the same time, his legs are slightly bent at the knees, and his arms are at the elbow joints, the hands are at the level of the head. Before blocking, the player bends the legs more strongly at the knee and ankle joints, the legs are shoulder-width apart, and the forearms of the bent arms rise slightly above the head. When blocking offensive shots made after normal passes, the player is pushed off the support at the moment when the attacker is in an unsupported position. Having determined the actions of the attacker, the blocker is repelled from the support, while the movement begins with the arms and then with the legs. With a sharp extension of the legs, straightening of the torso and an energetic swing of the arms, the player assumes a vertical position.
Rice. 8
The hands are carried over the net so that the forearms have a slight inclination in relation to the net, the fingers are spread slightly less than the diameter of the ball and are optimally tense. When the ball approaches, the arms move forward and upward towards the opponent. At the same time, the hands are bent at the wrist joints and the fingers move forward and down. After blocking, the player lands on bent legs (fig. 8).
The movements described above relate to the technique of performing a motionless blocking. Movable blocking is similar to fixed blocking. If for a motionless blocking, the hands are placed above the net in order to cover a certain area of the court, then with a moving block, the player moves his hands to the right or left, depending on the direction of the attacking strike. If shots are blocked from the edges of the net, the palm of the hand closest to the edge turns inward so that when the block is hit, the ball bounces into the opponent's court.
The technique for blocking attacking punches performed after various passes is almost the same as described above. The exception is the moment of repulsion from the support, which corresponds to the beginning of the unsupported phase of the attacker.
Technical training is aimed at teaching the technique of movements and its improvement, which serves as a means of conducting a competitive struggle. To create the most favorable conditions for learning the techniques of the game, training should be built according to the following plan:
- 1. General familiarization with the reception of the game.
- 2. Performing a reception under simplified conditions.
- 3. Performing the reception in conditions close to the game.
- 4. Improving reception in a game situation.
Volleyball makes high demands on the functionality of those involved. The game of volleyball involves sudden and rapid movements, jumps, falls and other actions. In this regard, a volleyball player must have an instant reaction, speed of movement on the court, a high speed of muscle contraction, jumping ability and other qualities in certain combinations. The systematic development of physical qualities contributes to the successful mastery of game techniques and tactical interactions. In childhood and adolescence, physical training is mainly aimed at developing speed, agility, speed-strength qualities, and general endurance. The implementation of the necessary game techniques is possible only under the condition of perfect mastery of their technique. A specific feature of volleyball is that no technique can be performed in isolation, as it is associated with other techniques performed by teammates or an opponent.
During the game, students get acquainted with movements of various forms and nature, receive special skills, an idea about this sport.
In the process of preparatory and lead-up exercises, special physical ability- speed of movement, jumping ability, strength of the hands and their mobility, as well as they are aimed at mastering the structure of the technique.
The main elements of the game volleyball Grade 5, exercises for learning and improving movements and stances, the technique of passing the ball from above, bringing games.
Volleyball included in curriculum 5 classes. This is completely justified, or methodically thought out, well-constructed lessons physical education on the material of this sports game very effective. First, they contribute to the diversification physical training students. Secondly, they create a solid foundation for mastering the basic techniques of playing volleyball. And, thirdly, they take place in an atmosphere of special emotional upsurge.
Each teacher of physical education is clear about the main task, which is to ensure that students successfully master the basics of playing volleyball skills. You need to learn how to quickly move around the site, stop and change direction, learn the transfer from above with two hands, the bottom serve and receive from below with two hands. Having studied these techniques well in the lessons in grades 5-6, you can confidently play according to the rules of mini-volleyball. All this will become the basis for the successful study of program material in the next grades 7-11.
Students must learn certain rules of conduct in the classroom when learning the techniques of playing volleyball. Exercises with volleyball must be preceded by exercises in the introductory part of the lesson. It is necessary to introduce students to the skills of self-insurance during jumps, the falls of which are many in volleyball. Those involved must ensure that when jumping the ball does not fall under their feet, in case of danger, be sure to give a signal to others. Students should not be in a hurry to perform the tricks of the game that they have not yet learned. Special attention The teacher draws students to ensure that they follow the correct position of their hands when passing from above with both hands, do not put their thumbs forward - this can lead to injuries.
Fifth-graders must master the basic methods of movement in volleyball, rational starting positions for performing game techniques - the so-called volleyball stances, study the top transfer of the ball with two hands, master games that prepare for volleyball. It is impossible to learn the elements of the game of volleyball without high-quality sports shoes.
Moves and racks
Movements and stances are included in the playing technique of a young volleyball player, from their perfection depends on the success of various actions with the ball.
In the 5th grade, students should be taught how to stop on a signal while walking and running. A stand is the position of a volleyball player's readiness to perform a game reception, for example, a pass (Fig. 1).
We recommend using the following exercises:
Exercises for learning and improving movements and stances
1. Walking is ordinary, at a signal stop and turn left (right).
2. The same, but after stopping sit down and stand up. The same after stopping and turning.
3. While walking, jump stop, right foot in front.
4. Normal running, jump stop at the signal (as in exercise 3).
5. Walking with a cross step with the right and left side forward.
6. Running with a cross step with the right and left side forward. When moving with the right side forward, the left foot is once in front of the right, and the second time behind it, etc. When moving with the left side forward, the same is done with the right foot.
7. While walking and. running on a signal to stop and take the stance of a volleyball player.
8. The same, but imitation of the top transfer of the ball with two hands.
Passing the ball from above with two hands
Learning the top gear is perhaps the decisive stage on the path to mastering the skills of the game, since having mastered this technique, you can play volleyball without serving. On fig. 2 shows the main positions of the volleyball player when performing top gear. The player needs to "get out under the ball." Without this, it is impossible to perform the transfer correctly. That is why the ability to move quickly and stop while taking a volleyball player's stance is so important.
Technique for passing the ball from above
In the initial position, the legs are bent at the knees, the arms are at the elbows, the hands with the fingers apart at the level of the face form a place for the ball. The reception begins with the extension of the legs, then the movement of the arms begins. At the moment of contact of the hands with the ball, the legs unbend quickly, the final movement of the hands gives the ball the necessary direction. In the upper gear, the main load falls on the index and partially middle fingers, the thumbs soften the impact of the ball on the hands, and the ring and little fingers support the ball. You can feel the position of the fingers on the ball by placing your hands on the ball held by the partner. The ball must be touched only with fingers, touching with palms is a gross mistake, this is a violation of the rules of the game.
It is very important, as already noted, to get under the ball in a timely manner. It is equally important (and very difficult) to find the right place for the hands to touch the ball. All this determines the nature of the exercises that are given below and serve to teach the upper transfer of the ball with two hands.
Exercises for learning to pass the ball from above
1. In pairs, throw medicine ball(1 kg) from overhead to overhand pass.
2. In pairs, catching a stuffed ball (1 kg) overhead, in a receiving position from above.
3. In pairs, throwing and catching a stuffed ball (exercises 1 and 2 combined).
4. The student takes the stance of a volleyball player and places his hands above his head - at the point of impact on the ball. The partner puts the volleyball into the "funnel" of the palms with the fingers apart (repeat this several times).
5. The same, but in the position of impact, the ball is held in place, and the student (passer) crouches, taking his hands off the ball, and unbends his legs, placing his hands on the ball again.
6. Transfer from above with two hands of a suspended ball: standing still, after walking, running and stopping.
7. Throwing the ball over oneself and passing from above with two hands at a distance of 1.5-2.0 m.
8. Passing the ball from above with two hands - the partner throws the ball from a distance of 1.5-2.0 m.
9. Passing the ball in pairs at a distance of 1-2 m.
10. Passing the ball against the wall - repeatedly, with a hit against the wall.
Leading games
Those involved want to move on to the game itself as quickly as possible. However, the teacher should explain to them that only those who have mastered the techniques of the game can get real pleasure from the game. The preparatory games serve as a step to volleyball. They are also very interesting, more accessible, bring students closer to the "real" volleyball.
Pioneerball.
Each team has 6-8 students, the game is played with two balls. The game begins with the ball tossing over oneself and the top pass over the net. The task is to get the balls on one side of the court, in which case the team on the opposite side is awarded a point. The team with the set number of points first wins.
"Ball in the air".
In each of the teams there are 6-8 students who form their own circle, in the middle of which is the leader with a volleyball in his hands. On a signal, the driver of his team alternately throws the ball to the players, who return the ball to him with a transfer from above with both hands. The winner is the team that completed the given number of passes the fastest and at the same time made fewer mistakes (ball falling, etc.)
A set of exercises for learning to play volleyball
Exercises for learning and perfecting top gear
1. The player performs successive one after the other transfers of the ball over him. Passing height - medium and high: 1.5 and 2.5 m. During the exercise, you must strive so that the player does not allow significant movements. This is an indicator of the correct execution of the task.
2. The player performs one after another pass over him, clapping his hands behind his back between passes. The transmission must be high enough.
3. While walking, the player performs up and down passes above him.
4. The player throws the ball forward and upward, runs after the ball and passes over him.
5. The same, the transfer is performed by a partner.
6. The player passes the ball to the wall repeatedly. Inaccuracies in the transfers create additional difficulties for the player. Thus, he is accustomed to the accuracy of the actions performed. The distance of the player from the wall is 2.5-3 meters.
7. The same, while the height of the transmission changes in turn.
8. The player performs two passes: the first in the direction of the wall, the second over him after the ball bounces off the wall.
9. Players stand in two lines. Distance between players
5-6 m. Players in pairs pass the ball, trying to accurately pass it to each other.
10. The same, the players perform mutual passes in three different trajectories: high, medium and low. (You need to set a specific sequence.)
11. Taking the ball from the coach (distance 5-6 m), each player performs two passes: above himself and towards the partner. (Practicers need to know the difference in the position of the hands and forearms to perform the first and second transfers.)
12. The player with the ball starts the exercise, directing the ball to the right, left and in front of him. The partner must determine the direction of the pass and, quickly approaching the ball, send it exactly back. (After
12-15 passes, players change roles.)
13. The distance between the players is 7-8 m. Each player has a ball, at the same time, along a high trajectory, the players pass to each other (it is necessary to strive for the exercise to be performed continuously).
14. The distance is the same. The player with the ball stands with his back to a partner, passes over himself, then turns 180 ° and performs the next pass to a partner, the partner immediately returns the ball back. (After 12-14 passes, the players change places.)
15. Players stand facing each other at a distance of 9 meters. The player with the ball sends the ball 2-3 m, then catches up and passes to the partner, and he returns to his original position. The second player does the same. (Number of gears 10-15.)
16. Players are separated by a net. Through it, the players pass the ball to each other, each strives to make an accurate pass. Then the players increase or shorten the distance (the exercise is performed for 2 minutes).
17. The distance between the players is 5-6 m. The player with the ball performs a pass above himself to a height of 3-4 m, then in a jump he gives it to his partner, the other player performs the same (10-15 passes in total).
18. players stand in threes in zones 2, 4, 6. The forward player of zone 6 holds the ball, he starts the exercise by sending the ball in the direction of the player in zone 2. The exercise is also performed when the direction of passes and movements of the players changes to the opposite.
19. Passing the ball from deep in the court after moving. A group of 3-4 players stand in the first zone, one ball carrier in the 2nd zone passes to the first player in the 1st zone, then this player moves to the 6th zone, where the next pass from the passer from 2- th zone, and then from the 4th zone, then the first player from the group returns to the 1st zone and stands at the end of the group, etc.
20. Players take turns passing the ball to each other, after which they move to take place at the end of the adjacent group (moving clockwise). Groups of players stand by 2-3 people conditionally in the corners of a triangle or rectangle.
21. Passing the ball along the net. Six players from both sides of the net are arranged in groups of three in the 1st and 5th zones. Players from the 5th zone come out, make a pass along the net, then “diving” under the net, moving, take a position at the end of the opposite column of players, and players from the 1st zone move in the same way towards (5-6 minutes are performed).
Exercises for learning and improving the lower transmission and reception of the ball from below
1. Receiving the ball from below - the partner throws the ball (distance 2-3 m, which then gradually increases to 10-15 m).
2. At the wall: hitting the ball from below repeatedly, the counter movement of the arms is insignificant and is carried out mainly due to the extension of the legs.
3. Throw the ball up and down, catch up and perform a reception from below after it bounces 10-15 times.
4. Reception of the ball from below in motion along the perimeter of the volleyball court, the ball is not lower than 1.5-2 m.
5. The player with the ball stands at the net, the partner is at a distance of 6-7 m. The first player throws the ball, the second beats it off, sitting down with a reception from below, 10-15 times, then the players change places.
6. The same, only the player standing at the net performs the top pass exactly on the partner.
7. The same, only the player standing at the net directs the ball towards the partner with a normal kick.
8. Two players stand with balls at the net. Alternately, they send them in an arbitrary way in front of them. The 6th zone player must move to the right, then to the left (etc.) and each time pass the ball from below to the net. After 5-6 such passes, his place is taken by the next player of the 6th zone. The exercise is repeated.
9. The player of the 3rd zone, having two balls, sends them alternately in an arbitrary way to the players of the 6th zone, within the limits of the site, each of which directs the ball in the lower way to the 3rd zone. The direction of the transfer is determined by the teacher.
10. Receiving a serve in the 6th zone at the offensive line and passing to the 3rd zone.
11. Reception of the serve in zones 6, 5, 1 at the offensive line and the first transfer to zones 2, 4.
12. In pairs - serve the upper straight and receive the ball. The distance between those involved is 8-10 m.
13. The same through the grid.
It should be noted that the skill of receiving the serve is formed much more successfully if the lower straight serve is first applied. Trainees master bottom serve skills relatively quickly and make fewer mistakes (losses of serve). In addition, the ball can be sent accurately with the bottom serve, which is of particular importance in the reception of the serve exercises.
Exercises for learning and improving the technique of an attacking blow
1. Teaching the rhythm of take-off, repulsion and jump, jump up from a run one, two, three steps.
2. Brush strokes on the ball - standing still, against the wall, in pairs.
3. Throwing a tennis ball over the net in a running jump.
4. Hits over the net after a two or three step run with the teacher tossing the ball.
5. Direct attacking three-step running kick from the 4th zone, and then from the 2nd zone. The height of the ball is 1.5-2 m.
6. Direct hit from the transfer of a partner standing in the 3rd zone.
7. Attacker hit in pairs from own toss.
8. The same with the transfer partner.
9. Forward strikes from both sides from the pass of the passer.
10. Each attacker, having three balls, performs an attacking kick from the transfer of the setter to zones 1, 6, 5 (from the starting position in zones 4, 2).
11. Hitting from a low, short pass.
Exercises to learn and improve blocking technique
1. Jumping at the net with imitation of blocking in place 15-20 times.
2. The same with one step 15-20 times.
3. The same with a run from the attack line 10-15 times.
4. Jumps along the net for each side step with imitation of a single block.
5. Imitation of a block in 2, 3, 4 zones, moving along the grid with a cross step.
6. Exercise in pairs, the players stand on opposite sides of the net, the player with the ball jumps out and throws the ball from top to bottom with both hands: left, right, forward, and the other, blocking, jumps out and closes the ball's movement.
7. The blocker stands in zone 2 (3, 4), and the players of the group take turns attacking blows along the way from zone 4 (3, 2) from the opposite side of the net.
When blocking, especially double, it is necessary to pay more attention to the clarity of movement. During a double block, it is important that the players do not interfere with each other, act in concert when moving and directly in the jump.
Exercises for learning and improving the technique of serving
1. Mastering the toss of the ball. The ball is in the palm of the left hand. Throw it vertically up to a height of 60-80 cm and let it fall to the floor 15-20 times.
2. Mastering the shock movement. With a straight hand, the player knocks the ball from the palm, straightened at the level of the belt of the left hand - for a direct lower serve; knocking down the ball located on the fingers of the straightened forward-upward left hand - for a direct top feed.
3. The player takes a ready stand 6 meters from the net, the ball is in the palm of his left hand - swing with his right hand, throw the ball up and hit it over the net with his right hand.
4. Five innings in a row from behind the end line in bounds.
5. Submissions to the right, left halves of the site.
6. Submissions to the far, near parts of the site.
7. Serving the ball, alternating different ways (from below, from above).
8. Feeds for accuracy sequentially to zones 1, 6, 5, 4, 2.
9. Power supply - top straight and side.
In contact with
It is widely believed among many coaches that the basics (elementary exercises) are for those who are just starting their volleyball career. In fact, everyone should train and improve the technique of possession of the ball. I assure you, every player should practice training the basics of volleyball technique, even best players of the world devote several hours a week to them. The players of the Dutch national team are very familiar with the drills below. The exercises are suitable for everyone, since the tasks may vary depending on each specific level.
- Exercise 1
A And IN face each other and play in a pass-hit-receive mode Options: – play with a certain number of touches of the ball – when an attacking hit is made, the player must jump – the defensive player must move to the right or left, and the attacker must shoot directly into him. - after performing a defensive action, the player must perform a fall or somersault - one player only attacks, the other only plays defense
- Reception from above (Exercise 2)
A And IN play using only the overhand technique, but A moves forward, B moves back
After each touch of the ball, the players touch the line closest to them (front or middle) with their hands and then return to their original position.
Players pass each other while moving to the right and left and must not let the ball fall.
A plays from the net and gives passes all over the court, IN tries to return the ball with an overhand reception exactly to the area where he is A.
A plays the ball from above, does a somersault, IN does the same.
- Playing defensively (Exercise 2)
A And IN play from the net to the front in the mode of hit-receive-pass, then hit-receive-hit-…
IN located at a distance of 4 m from A.A throws the ball to the back line, IN must quickly run back and perform a reception from below. Repeat 8 times.
- Options
Player A throws the ball to the back line, Player IN instead of receiving from below, he runs back and receives from above.
Player A does not throw and does not coast hard on the back line, IN running back and playing defense
- Making a pass
Regardless of specialization, each player must be able to pass to the attack, for example, when the setter played defense.
The coach throws the ball somewhere in the court, the player must be in time for the ball and pass to the 4th zone, where another player is waiting for the ball, who catches the ball, gives it to the coach and queues up.
- Options:
The player jumps on the block in the 2nd zone, then runs to the ball thrown by the coach and passes to the 4th zone.
- Exercise 5
All players are on one side of the court, the Coach on the other side throws the balls over the net into different zones. The player from the queue must run to the ball and bring it to the setter, who gives the pass to the 4th zone. The player in the 4th zone catches the ball, gives it to the coach and gets in line, and the player who played in the reception goes to position 4.
- Options:
The receiver brings the ball immediately to the 4th zone (without a setter)
After receiving, the setter passes the pass and the receiver must execute an attack hit with or without a block
- Exercise 6
The players are divided into teams of three people each and are behind the front. The coach in turn throws the ball into the half of the field of one of the teams, while varying the blows - strong attackers, discounts, throws into out, etc. One player must receive the ball, the other must pass the ball, the third must make an attacking blow to the first line (3-meter zone). Teams play on the score.
Basic Techniques for Everyone, By Toon Gerbrands
Translated from English by Savchuk V.A. from materials published on www.thecoach-online.com, ©2001
