Ground paraffin for skating. Preparing skis for skating

Today we will talk about the need to care for new skis and what to do with the ski after purchasing it. It is worth saying that the culture of manufacturing and preparing skis in modern European industries is extremely high. By purchasing and comparing modern inventory with those produced a dozen years ago, one can notice a strong difference in the quality of the final product. Today we will talk more about cross-country skis in the racing and expert equipment segment.

For skis in this segment, the level of glide and speed performance is extremely important, for this we buy fast racing skis. As noted earlier, the quality of modern equipment has greatly increased, and having acquired a new pair, you can unpack it and boldly go to the track without any preparation. Or you can carry out a series of manipulations so that the ski reveals its full potential.

If you do not have the time and tools to prepare your skis, then you can give them to a ski service, where the skis will be prepared in at its best. Well, if you are an enthusiastic skier and like to do everything with your own hands, then we will give you a couple of tips on starting preparation.

Initial preparation of new skis

Almost all manufacturers European level provide for sale skis of the racing and expert segment with a protected sliding surface. This protection is of two types:

Various protective films that protect the plastic surface from mechanical stress and ultraviolet radiation.
Application of conservation paraffin on the surface of the base, which protects against scratches and ultraviolet radiation, which also provides additional impregnation of the ski, which avoids the drying of the plastic.

The first thing to do before use is to remove the protective film from the ski, if any, and remove the conservation paraffin. Depending on the layer of paraffin, it is removed with an acrylic scraper. Next, with a fine steel brush, you need to make several passes along sliding surface skis in the direction of travel from toe to heel. Further, it is recommended to apply a special wash to the ski, passing from above with a soft nylon brush for deeper penetration of the wash into the sliding surface. For these purposes, it is recommended to have a separate brush in stock, which will work only with washes.

The ski should be left for 10 minutes, make 5 to 10 passes with a nylon brush with medium bristle bristles or a soft nylon brush in the direction of the ski, remove the remnants with fiberlen. This procedure will allow you to get rid of small particles after machine processing of skis on a machine for applying structures. After such processing, a rather large amount of microfibers of abraded plastic remains on the sliding surface, which at first glance may seem ideal. These formations will deprive the skis of perfect glide, creating excess friction.

We will talk about the importance and process of applying structures in this article.

There are several ways to remove lint.

Carefully, without much pressure (so as not to damage the applied structure), treat the sliding surface with a sharp metal cycle, and then with fibertex. Then carry out hot cleaning several times with the help of low-melting paraffin, removed in a warm state.
The use of fibertex made of thin nylon fibers and abrasive particles of silicon carbide. To remove the pile, the movements of the fibertex sponge can be made in both directions. In order to raise more fibers for subsequent removal with fibertex, it is worth going through the sliding surface with a bronze brush several times from the heel to the toe of the ski. Finish off with a few passes of Fibertex T266, which contains a softer abrasive. Then you need to use a wash, complete the cleaning with fiberlen and several passes with a soft nylon brush in the direction of the ski from toe to heel.

After these procedures, the skis are ready for applying the base soft-melting paraffin in several layers.

The final finishing of the skis after the basic and temperature training will take place on the track, the skis need to go several tens of kilometers before they show their best glide. You will notice that with each time the level of sliding will improve.

Preparation of skis with paraffins and glide ointments

The modern sliding surface of skis is made of synthesized ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (High Performance Polyethylene - HPPE). The ski cloth is made by pressing the crushed particles of polyethylene under high pressure with the formation of a crystal lattice with amorphous zones filled with polymers of lower density.

By itself, HPPE does not have a porous structure and does not absorb ski wax, however, under the influence of high temperature, the ointment penetrates into amorphous zones and is retained there. From a chemical point of view, ski lubricant creates conditions for changing the hydrophobic, adhesive, chemical and electrostatic properties of the sliding surface due to changes in surface tension forces, and also provides its lubrication, thereby reducing the friction force.

Based on these data, manufacturers of skis and ski lubricants recommend preparing equipment before use, this will allow the skis to fully reveal their speed potential, and you will enjoy the time spent on the track.

The next important step after the re-preservation treatment is the impregnation of the skis with base high-melting paraffin. Weather wax with a low melting point is also suitable for this purpose, but for new skis we recommend using base wax as it has a lower melting point and is less likely to burn through a new ski with an iron.

To prepare the skis, we need a ski machine or profile, an iron for lubrication (a regular iron is not suitable for a number of reasons, the risk of overheating the ski core or burning the base without even realizing it is extremely high), a steel brush, a nylon brush with a hard or soft bristle, acrylic scraper, flute scraper, fiberlen and, of course, the paraffins themselves.

The base impregnating wax is applied hot on the sliding surface of the ski. We set the recommended melting temperature on the iron, indicated on the package, and go through the ski with an iron in one pass, without stopping, from toe to heel.

On average, the passage time of the iron takes from 7 to 10 seconds. If you make stops or move in one place with a hot iron, you can overheat the sliding surface, which will significantly reduce the absorption of lubricant in this area. A long stop at a high temperature of the iron is fraught with overheating of the ski core, which can lead to swelling or failure of the sliding surface or delamination of the ski elements. After the passage, you need to let the ski cool down for 10-15 minutes.

Excess paraffin is removed with an acrylic scraper. First of all, you need to remove the excess from the groove, if suddenly the scraper comes out and goes to the side, then the main sliding surface will be protected.

For further work, the main rectangular scraper is used. Such scrapers have different thicknesses: 3, 4, 5, 6 mm. If we have a 3 mm scraper, then we need to make sure that it does not bend during operation. The scraper must always be in a sharp state, thanks to this we cut off the paraffin, and do not squeeze it out of the sliding surface. This is important point, since by squeezing out the paraffin with pressure, we can quite spoil the structure of the ski. We make a couple of passing movements on the ski without much effort from toe to heel. Next, using a steel brush, we make 5-6 passes from the toe to the heel of the ski without much effort.

Important: The steel brush must always be used in one direction only. If you do not have a steel brush available, you need to go through with a brass brush.

Cleaning should be completed with nylon brushes, first of medium hardness, then with soft pile, 5-6 passes without pressure, from the toe of the ski towards the heel. At the end, wipe the surface with fiberlen, remove paraffin dust.

At this point, the impregnation of the base will be completed with us, either a cold or a warm temperature layer is placed on top of the impregnating paraffin, depending on the purpose of the ski and the mode of operation. The procedure for applying weather wax and removing excess wax is similar to the process described above.

The ski preparation procedure is completed. Now they are ready to be waxed or waxed for the weather or to prepare the skis for racing use. After further manipulations with the lubricant, it is recommended to apply knurling, this need often arises when weather conditions do not fully correspond to the structure applied to the ski, but we will talk about this in the next article.

Everyone involved in skiing will say with confidence that the success and comfort of the upcoming skiing will depend on the quality preparation of equipment for riding. Having taken sports equipment for rent, you can not worry about its complete readiness. However, when purchasing new skis, you will have to ensure high-quality movement on the snow yourself. Having learned, and the classics, you can provide yourself with comfort while driving, and prolong the operation of the attribute.

In order to prepare your inventory for the race, you should follow some tips. most popular and effective method for amateurs and professional skiers is to apply a wax-like hydrocarbon lubricant to the equipment. For the skating method of movement, paraffin should be applied to the entire outer surface of the board, ensuring the safety of rolling and cohesion with snow.

Plastic . It is smeared on a sports instrument cold.
Dense waxy material. It is applied to the sole of the tool by melting with a special iron.

Ski preparation tools

For skating at home should begin with the preparation of the necessary tools:

ski ironing with a special sole and the necessary temperature parameters;
lubrication rack-profile for fixing sports equipment in a horizontal position;
a brushing set of brushes;
scraper or other steel tool for leveling and smoothing.

Ointments for skis

To lubricate the attribute, there are multi-creams and ointments, both imported and domestically produced. According to the composition of their basic formula, they are divided: homogeneous in chemical formula, obtained as a result of synthesis and complex. You can smear them for sliding or cohesion on the surface of the tool:

solid products used at temperatures from three degrees Celsius to forty-five degrees below zero;
semi-dense substances used at -2 - +2 degrees.

After applying the funds, when preparing skis for skating, the attribute is taken out to cool outside with sub-zero temperatures.

Why oil your skis

A device that allows a person to move freely in deep snow appeared long before the advent of our era. At the same time, for skiing even on a well-laid track, the ancestors applied lubricant to their tool. It was: fat, lard, beeswax and even resin. These actions did not bring the desired effect.

Everything changed dramatically with the creation of special creams, sprays and wax-like carbon lubricants. The preparation of a sports attribute for riding with the help of these substances ensures plastic movement.

Which skis do not need to be lubricated

The budget sports tool, which is made of special dense foam, is not lubricated. After all, it was created using a special technology that provides excellent glide. Lubricants are not completely absorbed into the surface of such equipment, so choosing any product is pointless.

How to lubricate skis at home

Before applying grease, you should find out the style of intended riding. It must be remembered that the smooth movement agent should not come into contact with the adhesive when applied on the surface.

How to oil plastic skis

A plastic attribute for snow riding enthusiasts is usually lubricated only with traction agents in the place where the shoes are fastened. This type of sports tool itself has sliding functions, so it is only smeared with ointments for good cohesion.

How and with what to lubricate semi-plastic skis

If the surface of the attribute is made of semi-plastic, then for temporary protection it must also be lubricated to avoid small cracks and punctures.

How to properly oil wooden skis

When processing wooden equipment, it is necessary to clean and degrease the surface with a brush or a hard sponge. All procedures must be carried out strictly at a temperature of +17 - +25 degrees.

Coupling ointment is applied in layers, followed by rubbing each. After that, the tool is left to dry at a temperature of +8 - +10 degrees. Drying of the last layer should occur at a temperature of 0 - -10 degrees.
Next, to the top and lower part inventory, paraffin is applied, and the holding agent is centered. The substance is distributed on the board with a hot iron, where it is applied in advance. The device is carefully passed over the entire surface.
Applying a scraper, excess of hardened wax is neutralized.
Using a brushing set of special brushes, the material is polished.
It is taken out in the cold for 3-5 hours, then for storage in the room.

How to oil combination skis

Equipment "combo" is designed for classic skiing with the possibility of transition to the move. Because of this, the attribute must be constantly relubricated depending on the upcoming riding style. For classic underboard skating, cohesion wax should be applied.

How to lubricate cross-country skis

For the treatment of running equipment, you can use special creams or aerosols, selected in accordance with the temperature outside the window.

Processing an instrument with hydrocarbon wax is difficult:

Having fixed the attribute on the profile, apply wax on the board with a heating device, smoothing the layer.
After cleaning the excess with a scraper, leave a layer of 1 millimeter.
Apply the next layer of hydrocarbon wax.
Determine in a cold place.

How to lubricate classic skis

Classic lovers should use a smooth ride along with a clutch, making sure they don't mix together.

The surface is cleaned, followed by the application of a slip agent. After that, the central part of the equipment is treated with a clutch cream. The actions are repeated again. The final procedure consists in polishing the boards.

How to oil skis for skating

When processing equipment for the technique of skating, only smooth movement is required. After a uniform application of the wax-like substance, the excess is removed with a scraper, the boards are polished.

How to grease skis

Having cleaned the surface of the sports instrument and, having sharpened the edges, repair all cracks on the base with a special candle or a thermal gun. Apply hydrocarbon wax with an iron, followed by scraping and polishing.

Important

Tips for newbies! Applying lubricants for the first time is quite difficult, so you should seek help from a specialist.

Do not forget that the process of cleaning dirt and grease from the surface of the instrument is the most important. The success of the entire procedure will depend on the quality of its implementation.

How to choose skis for skating and not make a mistake? Choosing skis is not an easy task, especially for beginners. The purchase of this sports equipment requires the use of a competent, responsible and balanced approach.

How to choose skis for skating for a beginner?

The first difficulties may arise directly in the definition of products that are included in the category of cross-country. Often this type includes models that differ in structure from skiing. At the same time, a beginner absolutely does not need professional skis for skating, at least based on their high cost.

A person who is just starting to ski, first of all, needs to decide on an affordable price category. The cost of individual models of skis for skating can range from $30 to $350. And even with a special wallet size, the most expensive models from reputable world manufacturers are not always the ideal solution.

What are the best skis for skating? The best solution for beginners can be cross-country skis for skating of domestic production. Firstly, the average quality of such models allows you to feel the whole complex positive emotions from skiing, and secondly, their cost is so affordable that it will be possible to use such skis without sparing, in almost any conditions.

Another important issue for a beginner is the selection of cross-country skis based on technical parameters: length, stiffness level, structural strength. It is these characteristics that are decisive when choosing any models.

The optimal length of skis for skating can be determined according to the classical calculation formula. To do this, you need to add 25-30 cm to the height of the skier, which will become an indicator of a suitable length.

As for the stiffness of skis, here it is necessary to focus on the weight of the skier. Under too heavy a rider, soft models will certainly sag, delivering a whole lot of inconvenience. With a low skier weight, too rigid equipment will slip with rather unpleasant feedback. To determine the optimal level of rigidity, it is enough to stand on the skis with full weight, after placing a thick sheet of paper under the binding area. A sufficient rigidity indicator is considered if the sheet can be moved under the sliding surface without much difficulty at a distance of about 30-40 cm in both directions.

The majority of buyers prefer to immediately purchase for riding entry level expensive skis for skating, hoping for a comfortable riding experience based on the authority of a recognizable manufacturer. However, the reliability and high quality of expensive skis are justified by the need to achieve maximum speeds on the ski track. It is unlikely that a novice amateur will immediately be able to ride at such speeds using correct technique ride. Therefore, it makes no sense to spend money on buying a professional ski model for a person without much experience.

Manufacturing materials

When carrying out such a procedure as choosing skis for skating, choosing the right material remains an important issue for most beginners. Many of us have not yet forgotten the good old wooden models of Soviet-made cross-country skis, which at one time had practically no alternative. Therefore, some sports fans are extremely difficult to accept the need to switch to the use of modern plastic models. The main reason here is far from the rigidity of perception, but rather the lack of information about the features of the operation of such equipment.

Plastic skis for skating are not as simple as they might seem at first glance. Using such a model without proper preparation and maintenance, you can feel discomfort, convincing yourself of an unsuccessful purchase already on the first meters of the track.

In fact, plastic has improved sliding qualities compared to wood. Therefore, when choosing plastic cross-country skis, you need to be prepared for the need for regular lubrication of the sliding surface of the product, selecting the appropriate compositions and based on weather conditions and the nature of the terrain.

Plastic models of cross-country skis are much stronger than wooden ones and, accordingly, have an increased level of reliability. And if the owners of the former begin to cover their favorite inventory with the appearance of positive indicators on the thermometer, then the happy owners of plastic counterparts usually please themselves for some time with the continuation of the season.

How to choose skis for skating according to your riding style?

One of the defining moments in the selection of skis is the compliance of the chosen model with the style of skiing. It is recommended to consider individual features and configuration of skis, based on the nature of the future use of the purchased pair.

The selection of skis for skating should be carried out, focusing on the features of the riding style itself, which is characterized by the need to perform sweeping movements, the so-called "herringbone".

The main difference between classic skiing and models for skating are the features of their lubrication. To achieve the most uniform glide, the surface skating they are treated with primers in the form of holding ointments, lubricated with paraffin along the entire length, additionally treated with special sliding lubricants. At the same time, such processing is unacceptable for classic ski models, the sliding surface of which, on the contrary, is skinned to achieve greater grip, after which it is covered with a holding lubricant.

To choose skis for skating that will be used for cross-country riding, you need to pay attention to the most durable products that can withstand significant loads.

In general, experts recommend purchasing several sets of skis for traditional, skating and cross-country skiing. It is this solution that will allow you to avoid difficulties and discomfort, having the opportunity to switch from one move to another.

ski boots

The most important process, along with the direct selection of cross-country skis, is the selection of a whole range of necessary accessories: bindings, boots, poles, etc. Innovative ski boot models are not just special shoes for a comfortable connection with skis, but also products that can protect the feet from certain loads and maintain a balance of warmth.

In the production of modern ski boots, the anatomical features of the foot of skiers and the natural requirements of hygiene are taken into account. The selection of high-quality, reliable boots is the key to a comfortable, successful ride. A responsible approach to the selection of shoes eliminates the need to be distracted by all sorts of inconveniences in the form of squeezed fingers or wet feet.

Currently, there are several main categories of ski boots:

Classic models - traditionally used on ski models that are used for classic skiing.
Skating boots - the structure and functionality of this equipment corresponds to the features of skating.
Combined models - can be used for riding in various styles, thanks to the presence of a convenient removable cuff.

Mounts

When choosing skis for skating, you need to think about the selection of suitable bindings. To date, there are standard and profile types of fasteners.

Standard bindings involve connection with boots using holes for which there are connectors on the soles of special boots. Such bindings also have ledges, due to which, in fact, the ski boots are securely fixed.

The profile systems have rubber elements of different stiffness, which ensures high efficiency of repulsion when running. Under the profile boots, there are several separate mounting options - NNN and SNS. The difference between these types of profile fasteners lies in the number of recesses. There are two in NNN format mounts, and only one in SNS mounts.

ski poles

picking up best skis for skating, you should pay attention to the choice of the most convenient, effective sticks. In many ways, the choice of sticks depends on the style of riding. Classic style Riding most appropriate choice of sticks, the length of which reaches the armpits, and for the "horse" it is recommended to pick up sticks up to the shoulder.

The ideal solution can be considered the selection of sticks with an anatomically adjusted lanyard and large paws. The presence of these characteristics makes it possible to ride for a long time, practically without feeling tired or uncomfortable in the hands.

How to prepare skis for skating?

The preparation of skis for skating involves, first of all, the creation of a sliding surface structure that best matches the nature of the snow. For this, the outer plane of the skis is treated with special substances in the form of ointments and paraffin, which are selected based on weather conditions.

First of all, on the sliding surface of the skis is applied solid ointment holding. The procedure is carried out in the following order:

the outer plane of the skis is processed with sandpaper, which helps to improve grip due to raising the pile;
a ground heated ointment is applied with a consistency that is most appropriate for weather conditions;
the ointment is leveled with an iron of medium temperature;
after solidification, subsequent layers of ointment are applied in the holding area and leveled with a synthetic stopper.

Applying paraffin to the surface of the skis

Lubrication of skis for skating in the presence of sufficiently soft paraffin can be done by applying it to a sliding surface in a cold form. If ski processing occurs with the use of hard paraffin, in this case, they resort to heating the lubricant with an iron. Alternatively, lubrication of skis for skating can be done by briefly heating a bar of hard paraffin, followed by smooth strokes of the skis.

Such an amount of paraffin should be applied to the ski so that, in the molten form, the lubricant spreads evenly over the entire sliding surface, and the layer of the substance should be no more than 1 mm. It is leveled with the same hot iron.

Preparing skis for skating by applying lubricant in the form of paraffin heated with an iron is the most dangerous procedure. With a careless approach to the operation, there is a high probability of overheating, deformation and burning of high-molecular plastic. Therefore, when applying paraffin, it is strongly recommended to set the minimum possible temperature of the iron, at which the existing paraffin can be melted.

It is necessary to run the iron along the sliding surface of the skis smoothly and without delay. At the same time, there must be a layer of paraffin between the plastic and the sole of the iron, because the plastic quickly burns in the presence of direct contact with the heated surface of the iron. Based on this, it is not worth saving on paraffin consumption, as this often leads to more serious material losses in the form of damage to equipment.

Cleaning the ski surface with special brushes

In cases where the entire length of skis for skating is machined on special grinding machines, it becomes possible to form a complex large or small surface microstructure. Such processing contributes to the optimal removal of liquid and air when the ski comes into contact with snow, which ensures the best glide.

After removing the remnants of the old paraffin with the help of scrapers, with the advent of the new season, there are enough small grooves filled with grease. To restore the original structure of the ski surface, wax residues should be removed with rotary or manual brushes. The most effective may be the use of hard metal or nylon brushes, which are distinguished by a thin pile.

When cleaning the sliding surface from paraffin with brushes, it is not recommended to be too zealous, making sudden movements or excessive pressure, so as not to damage the plastic structure. Most effectively, the bristles of metal and nylon brushes clean off paraffin residues when they are placed at right angles to the surface to be treated.

To apply the base layer in the form of a primer, it is better to use a special iron, since most irons for ironing linen do not allow you to set the optimum temperature.
The delay of the heated sole of the iron at one point on the ski surface often, unfortunately, leads to burning and deformation of the plastic.
Before applying a slip wax when preparing skis for skiing, you should activate the surface by once again treating it with a brush.
When preparing skis for skiing in frosts, it is better to resort to creating a fine structure of the sliding surface, and in warm weather - to use a large surface texture.
Of great importance in the preparation of a sliding surface is the use of trial and error. In other words, worth a try personal experience different combinations of lubricants for different weather conditions.
Before the need for long-term storage of skis, you should not clean off the old paraffin, which will act as protection for the sliding surface in the off-season.
It is recommended that you initially take extreme care of your skis, because only in this case you can hope for their long service life and getting maximum pleasure in the process of skiing.

The history of skiing goes back several thousand years. They were invented by the ancient peoples who lived in the north, who needed to move quickly through the snow. Skiing appeared only at the end of the 19th century and significantly influenced appearance the skis themselves, the material and features of their care.

Depending on the needs and purpose, skis are divided into three large groups:

Classic: have a solid base and a small cutout at the narrowest point;
Skiboards: These are short (75-110 cm) skis for downhill skiing. They differ from the classics in smaller sizes and wider cutouts at the waist, and they also lack protection in the event of a fall due to lightweight fastening. They are divided into models for free descent and stunt;
Carving: used for descents from the mountains in an arc. Has a large side cutout classic mount and little hardness.

There is more modern classification skiing:

Allmountain: non-specialized (universal) cross-country skiing for any descent, weather and terrain. It is difficult to set a record for them, but it will be possible to conduct “reconnaissance” of a new area without problems;
Freeride: their length is 185-195 cm, waist width - more than 9 cm.
Big Mountain: One of the options for freeride skis. Used when riding on loose snow and unpacked, unprepared roads, for aggressive descent along the "wild" mountains;
Powder: Another option for freeride skis, designed for skiing only in deep snow;
Carving: characterized by a small length and a deep neckline. Used when driving on specially prepared tracks. Riding them is characterized by slow movements and smooth turns. Depending on the terrain, there are sports carv (for normal driving), freecarv (for relief terrain) and supercarv (for skiing without sticks);
Racing: used in professional competitions in downhill, slalom and giant slalom;
Cross-country models: used for group cross-country skiing on mountain race tracks;
Freestyle: These are skis for performing acrobatic stunts. They feature specially curved heels to soften landings;
Mogul: for walking along the mogul (mounds);
Children and teenagers: differ in a special form.

Popular manufacturers:

Budget: "Atemi", "Larsen", "Tisa", "Dynamik";
Premium class: "Fischer", "Madshus", "Rossignol", "Atomis".

The nuances of professional ski training

No matter how professional and expensive skis are, without special training little suitable for operation, and the pleasure of riding is reduced to zero and even dangerous. It does not matter if they are intended for professional competitions or amateur run - preparation is necessary in any case. All skiers need to know how to properly prepare their skis and what products to use.

Ski preparation takes place in several steps:

Cleaning the sliding surface with a stiff brush. This allows you to clean off the old grease and remove bumps;
Applying paraffin. This increases the stability of the ointment. Paraffin is applied hot: after cooling, the excess is removed;
Application additional funds: paraffin or special lubricants. The latter can be water-repellent, accelerating or provide additional traction. The choice of ointment depends on the specific situation and the sport.

Surface cleaning

This First stage ski processing. This will help remove old wax layers, smooth the surface and open the pores, and help the waxes penetrate deeper into the skis.

For cleaning at home, you will need a brass or steel brush, which you need to run several times along the bottom (sliding) surface of the ski, and then clean off all excess paraffin with a nylon brush. It is necessary to brush from heel to toe about 50 times. Old paraffin must be heated with an iron to melt the paraffin, then completely scrape off.

Surface preparation

No special preparation of the sliding surface is required. After cleaning old grease with a brush, it is already ready for applying paraffin or ointment.

It is important to note several nuances of preparation:

Cleaning the groove: it is cleaned after the old wax has been warmed up, but before it is completely removed with a scraper or scraper. This must be done in this order so that if the scraper accidentally slips out, the surface is protected;
Checking the edges (side surfaces) before riding. They should not have scratches, notches and dents. If the edges are blunt, they need to be sharpened: turning with blunt edges is difficult and dangerous, especially when skating;
Applying the structure. Ski sliding occurs due to the melting of snow near the surface, due to which the ski slides over a thin layer of moisture. However, if the layer is too thin or, conversely, thick, the skier may have problems. to prevent this from happening, a structure is applied to the sliding surface - this is a system of grooves, similar to the “pattern” on tires. This allows excess water to escape, helping to slow down.

The structure is applied by the manufacturer, but if it does not suit the owner of the equipment, he can change the pattern. This can be done manually using manual knurling or by machine. The latter is called "Steinshlift".

Information about ski lubricants

When choosing a lubricant for skis, the following nuances should be considered:

Air temperature: recommended is usually indicated on the package. Snow temperature may also be given, but is more difficult to determine;
Humidity: You don't need to measure it exactly. Average values are usually sufficient: in a dry climate, the humidity does not exceed 50%, in a climate of average humidity it is 50-80%, in a humid climate it can reach 100%;
The grain or appearance of the snow. Sharp snowflakes require a dense ointment that will protect the skis. At low temperatures, it is best to choose an ointment with synthetic additives, at elevated (greater than zero) - water-repellent.

All lubricants are divided into two large groups:

Paraffin: This is a wax-like lubricant for sliding. It is used for wooden and plastic skis. It is necessary that snow does not stick to the surface. They can also be used as a base for other lubricants;
Ointments: these are holding lubricants, they link the skis to the ski track when pushing. Usually they are applied to the ends of the skis so that they can push off, but some skiers apply it entirely to the entire sliding surface. The choice of ointment depends on the temperature, and a warmer one is applied under the block. For example, if it is 10 degrees outside, then ointments with a temperature of 5-12 degrees are applied to the ends, and 5-8 degrees under the block.

Lubricants are also divided:

The composition of the mineral, synthetic, combined. Additionally, they may contain fluorine, graphite or resin;
By consistency, lubricants are solid and semi-solid, liquid, emulsions, powders, sprays, pastes. In the last three states, professional products are usually released. How to apply powder on skis must be read in advance in the instructions, but in general the procedure does not differ from waxing: the powder is applied to the surface and heated with an iron.

Features of applying to skis

Applying paraffin is considered one of the most dangerous procedures, as you have to use a heated iron. You need to wax after cleaning the top layer.

The ski is carefully fixed on the machine or other flat surface so that it does not fall;
Paraffin is applied to the bottom surface. If it is solid, it will have to be slightly melted. For example, you can heat a piece of paraffin and run it over a ski. The layer thickness should be 0.5-1 mm;
After the paraffin is carried out with a heated iron. The iron should not be too hot so that the paraffin does not evaporate at all, it is better to choose the minimum temperature that is enough for warming up. Usually it is 60 degrees. You need to carry out quickly, without stopping, once, without force. There should always be a layer of paraffin between the iron and the ski: if you stop, the paraffin will quickly evaporate and the iron will damage the surface;
When the layer hardens (it takes 15-20 minutes), polishing is carried out - the excess is removed with a scraper. It is important not to change the level of inclination, otherwise pits will form on the surface;
If necessary, apply 1-2 more layers. Instead of paraffin, other ointments can be applied: accelerators, fluorocarbon powders;
Finally, the surface is polished. You can polish it with fiberlen (a special non-woven material), but you can also use a piece of felt or even woolen or nylon socks.

A few tips will help you understand how to prepare your skis at home in the most optimal way:

Inexpensive quick-apply lubricants can be used in place of paraffin. They are applied without ironing and polishing and “dry” in a few minutes. But they are enough for 5-7 km, after which the ointment will have to be applied again. This option is suitable for rarely riding people - for ski marathon it won't fit;
It is equally important to check the fasteners in advance and, if necessary, carry out repairs. They must be clean, free of rust, cracks and other mechanical damage, have good fastening;
When choosing a lubricant, it is important to consider the final goal. For example, it is worth using the accelerator only when participating in races - in other cases it can only do harm;
On new skis or after machine sanding, factory pile often remains. You can remove it with fibertex, but this is not necessary: usually the pile disappears after a few months of riding;
In order to not have to mess with the equipment, it is necessary to ensure that they are properly stored.

In order for skis to last longer and sports to be safe, it is necessary to properly care for the equipment and lubricate it regularly. Preparation should be regular, it is best to do it before each ride, and before the season it is worth fully checking the equipment. Preparation is important not only professional athletes, but also for amateurs, as well as owners of hunting skis.

Paraffins are ski lubricants that increase glide, reduce snow grip, and also prevent snow from sticking to the surface and repel water. Ski wax is an ester of alcohol and fatty acids. In fact, paraffin is the same wax.

There are several types of friction that contribute to the worst slip. We list how wax can cope with them:

Wet friction. Removed by waxing and brushing.
Mud friction. Removed with wax with molybdenum additives.
Static friction. Eliminated by wax with molybdenum additives.
Kinetic friction. Removed by waxing and brushing.

The base of the ski is like a sponge that absorbs wax. The slide is on the base, not on the wax. If you do not clean the wax from the surface, then it will flow from the base and prevent slipping. Sharp snow crystals will dig into the wax and slow down your ride.

The benefits of ski wax are:

increases ski speed;
prevents oxidation of the ski base, oxidation leads to a deterioration in the properties and a reduction in the service life of the product;
smooth gliding leads to improved balance;
protects the ski base from damage.

Ski paraffins

One of the important things to consider when choosing a wax is what temperature range you will be riding in. Snow is usually a few degrees colder than air temperature during the day, and a few degrees warmer at night. But it is always better to make a choice with an error for a cold temperature than for a warm one. There are universal waxes that are suitable for any temperature. But still, lubricants with a temperature range will have better glide properties of the ski. Next, we give a classification of ski lubricants. Depending on the manufacturing technology, they are divided into hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon.

All waxes have a hydrocarbon base, which includes various additives.

The simplest is hydrocarbon wax. It is without additives, mostly amateurs use it. Universal hydrocarbon waxes are used for those who ride a lot on different types snow. This type has good water repellency and increases the life of the ski. The composition of the hydrocarbon wax usually includes paraffin, microcrystalline and synthetic waxes, which are combined in different proportions. Paraffin is a soft, candle-like wax with a low coefficient of friction. Microcrystalline waxes are a branched type of hydrocarbon, harder than paraffin. Synthetic waxes also make the wax harder. Molybdenum additives counteract the electrostatic effect that slows you down on cold, dry snow.

Waxes designed for different temperatures contain additives that work most effectively under certain weather conditions.

There are several types of ski waxes used for different temperatures:

Lubricant for cold skiing, where the temperature of the snow is below -12. Hardness additives are used here for better wear resistance. This type is resistant to dry friction and scratches from ice crystals. In this case, water repellency is not so important.
Lubrication, where t snow is from -12 to -2 °C. Quite hard, but at the same time, water-repellent properties are already present, since at this temperature the presence of water is possible.
Grease for warm skiing, snow t above -2°C. Softening additives are used here, it has excellent water-repellent properties.

There are also fluorocarbons. A fluorocarbon is a hydrocarbon in which hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine atoms. Since fluorine is a hydrophobic substance, its combination with water molecules is minimal. These waxes give increased slip in wet snow conditions.

Paraffins are produced in the form of blocks, powders, pastes, pencils.

The most common option is wax in the form of blocks or briquettes. Stays the longest on the product. After heating, it should be melted on ski base. Melting is important to carry out at a given temperature so as not to inhale harmful chemical fumes.

The paste spreads easily and is economical. For application, a small cloth applicator is used, which is then polished. The longer you polish the surface, the longer the wax will last. It is applied in the universal range of temperatures.

The powder is used after applying several coats of block wax to further increase the glide properties. They have a high cost due to the large amount of fluorocarbons in the composition. Mainly used by professional skiers.

Using paraffins on plastic skis

Although plastic skis have good sliding, for example, unlike wooden ones, but still they need lubrication. During operation, the plastic begins to be subjected to mechanical stress from ice, microcracks form. In this case, the sliding properties deteriorate. Hydrocarbon lubricants fill all the bumps and cracks and extend the life of the product.

Why Choose Liquid Paraffins

Liquid paraffins come in the form of a liquid ointment or spray.

Universal liquid ointments - klisters, it is good to use at a temperature of -5 ° C. They have only the disadvantage that it is necessary to flush with kerosene or gasoline.

There are highly effective innovative liquid paraffins on the market, which are very convenient due to the quick application and the absence of heat treatment. You just need to spray it on the sliding surface and leave it to dry for about 30 minutes. Easy, simple and convenient.

If you use ordinary liquid paraffin, then after completing the above points, you need to clean the surface with a nylon brush.

Other advantages include the absence of an iron in operation, and for skating skis - a hair dryer (since it is not necessary to heat the klister, as for classic models), and the absence of harmful paraffin fumes. The preparation time is reduced by several times, and the wear resistance of the product will be higher.

Application of liquid paraffins

Lubricants in liquid form are available in tubes and jars. Sprays are used mainly by professionals as an accelerator. They have a high cost. Pastes, emulsions and gels are also popular among athletes. These are the so-called quick application ointments. It is possible to spread them while being directly on the ski slope.

with heat treatment

After the skis are cleaned of dirt and dried, they proceed to initialing.

For this:

heat the iron to 150 degrees;
shake the vial;
spray paraffin on the sliding surface, different types skis involve different application of the substance;
with a hot iron, go from toe to heel;
leave the product to cool for 10 minutes;
clean the layer with a brush, removing excess wax.

This procedure, useful for skis, evens out the sliding surface. For best result repeat the procedure up to 10 times. This will allow you to well compact all the bumps with wax.

Without heat treatment

In the absence of special equipment, as well as time, they use liquid lubricant without heat treatment. This is a less correct method and the effect will not be as high quality as when applied with heat treatment. Although new developments make it possible to achieve no worse effect than with classic application. So, to process skis with paraffin, you need:

clean the dirt and dry the ski;
go over the sliding layer with a brush;
thinly apply a layer of lubricant, if it is a liquid, then use a sponge for uniform application;
let stand for 3-5 minutes;
polish with a pad along the entire length;
leave rubbed skis for 10 minutes.

The cost of liquid paraffins

A lubricant in the form of an ointment will cost around 300 rubles per 25 grams. Sprays are expensive because they have a high fluorocarbon content. And their price can reach up to 2000-3000 rubles, and sometimes even higher.

Classic skis, unlike skate skis, are treated with an additional holding ointment.

How to wax skis for skating?

For this processing you need:

Clean the plastic with a fine steel or brass brush and finish with a soft nylon. This is done to open the pores of the surface.
Melt the paraffin with an iron that is preheated to 135 degrees. Apply to the surface of the ski. Gently, without applying too much effort, move the iron from toe to heel for no more than 8-10 seconds, without holding it in place. Repeat manipulations 3-4 times.
Let the plastic cool to room temperature for 10-15 minutes.
Remove the paraffin with a scraper. In sequence: from the groove, then from the edges and from the entire sliding surface.
With quick and short strokes, from toe to heel, scrape off the remaining grease with a wire brush. This step is needed to remove the paraffin that has accumulated in scratches and deep structures of the plastic.
Polish with a nylon polishing brush.

Perform this necessary processing yourself or contact a specialized ski preparation service center for this service.

Ski preparation tools

You will need:

Profile for ski preparation. It has two stops with a loop for fastening. If there is no such equipment, then secure the ski using a table and vise, any workbench will also work.
The iron is best used with a special soleplate. Otherwise, you can use an old household iron, but with caution.
Various brushes. Metal - clean old paraffin and dirt. Nylon - remove hard, soft paraffin, and also carry out finishing polishing. Natural - remove soft paraffin, also use them to apply accelerators. Polishing - apply powders to a dry surface. As a rule, three main brushes are used: thin metal, medium hard nylon, soft nylon.
Ski scrapers are distinguished by thickness. They are from 3 to 5 mm thick, metal or plastic, the gutter scraper is shaped like the body of a ballpoint pen. Use it in the absence of a professional tool.
Ski stones - with the help of them, rust is removed from the edges.
Stoppers - for rubbing paraffin or ointment by hand.

What kind of paraffin to apply the powder?

Powder wax is applied after several layers of briquette wax, used to increase the speed properties. Due to the large amount of fluorocarbons, they are quite expensive.

Fluorocarbon powder does not wet the ski sheet well. An intermediate layer of synthetic fluoride wax is needed. It is recommended to apply SFR powders to HF paraffin. HF-FC, LF7-FC, LF8-FC and LF10-FC bundles are available. Amateurs most often put HR under the powder layer.

Which company's paraffins are better?

The SWIX and START firms are the most widely used among amateurs.

The following lubricants are suitable for the climate of the Moscow Region: HF80 START, LF6 SWIX, HF7 SWIX, HF8 SWIX. Of the powders, the brand F9-20 (± 4 °) has proven itself well. For a continuous coating of the sliding surface with fluorocarbon, suspensions of the F9-01 activator and powders, tablets are combined. For example, first rub the surface with a tablet, then make a layer of powder.

For old snow, the SFR99(±9°) START tablet is suitable. As a base coat, CH7 from SWIX, 423 REX BLUE has proven itself well (at temperatures above -10 °). For abrasive snow, SG8 or LF8 grades are suitable.

Maximum water repellency has PHF200 (+1°+10°). PHF600 (-1°-6°) is good for fresh snow, PHF800 (-6°-12°) is good for hard snow.

The choice of ski coverage must be approached responsibly, because in each region the climate is different. If you prefer skiing, care is needed sports equipment. So its service life will be longer, and performance will delight you.