Exercises on technique in volleyball. Pair exercises to improve ball passing in volleyball

ABSTRACT

in the discipline: “Physical Education”.

Topic: “Technique of basic movements and methods of teaching them in volleyball.”

Introduction

1. Playing technique (technique of basic movements)

2. Methods of teaching basic movements

Conclusion

Bibliography

INTRODUCTION

Volleyball is a ball sport in which two teams compete on a special court divided by a net. There are different versions of the game to show its versatility.

The goal of the game is to send the ball over the net so that it touches the opponent's court and prevent the opponent from making the same attempt. To do this, the team has 3 touches of the ball (and one possible additional touch of the ball on the block).

The ball is put into play by serving: the serving player directs the ball to the opponent’s side with a blow. The play of each ball continues until it lands on the court, goes “out” or a team error.

In volleyball, the team that wins the rally receives a point (the “every rally is a point” system). When the receiving team wins the rally, it receives a point and the right to serve, and its players move one position clockwise.

Since its “invention,” the game of volleyball has experienced rapid development. This is reflected in the growing number of volleyball players and in the growing number of member countries of the International Volleyball Federation. In terms of its popularity, this game occupies a leading position on the world sports arena.

The game of volleyball has become not only purely sports, but also the development of volleyball as a game for recreation is taking place; playing volleyball has become a means of organizing leisure time, maintaining health and restoring performance.

1. TECHNIQUE OF PLAYING (TECHNIQUES OF BASIC MOVEMENTS)

Performing the necessary playing techniques is possible only if you have perfect mastery of their technique. A specific feature of volleyball is that no technique can be performed in isolation, as it is connected with other techniques performed by teammates or an opponent.

The technique of playing volleyball is divided into two parts: the technique of playing in attack and the technique of playing in defense. Attack techniques include: serving, passing, attacking strike. Defensive techniques include receiving the ball and blocking. Movements in volleyball, both in attack and defense, are identical, but with some specificity, consisting in a lower or higher position of the player’s stance.

Movement technique. Movements are performed in the form of walking, running, jumping, lunging. But before performing this or that technique of the game, the volleyball player must take a certain stance or position that ensures the possibility of timely execution of the necessary movement.

According to the degree of bending of the legs at the knees and hip joints There are three types of racks: high, medium and low. While in a certain stance, a volleyball player sometimes stands motionless or moves slightly by stepping from side to side, transferring body weight from one leg to the other. Based on the previous movement, the racks have some features. For example, the stance of a player preparing to make a serve is different from the stance of a player preparing to block.

Walking is performed with normal, double, bending and side steps. Running is characterized by starting accelerations and sudden changes in direction followed by stops. The last step is performed with a stopping movement. When receiving a ball flying slightly to the side, the volleyball player can lunge. More in a fast way movement over a short distance is a leap, which is used to a greater extent for defensive actions.

Submissions. In volleyball, the following serves are used: lower straight and side, upper straight and side, upper straight in a jump.

The low straight serve is performed from a position in which the player is facing the net with his feet in knee joints bent, the left one is put forward, the body weight is transferred to the right leg standing behind. The fingers of the left hand, bent at the elbow joint, support the ball from below. The right hand is pulled back to swing, the ball is thrown up and forward at arm's length. The blow is performed with a counter movement of the right hand from bottom to front at approximately waist level. The player simultaneously extends his right leg and transfers his body weight to the left. After the strike, an accompanying movement of the arm is performed in the direction of the serve, the legs and torso are straightened.

The lower side serve is performed identically to the lower straight serve, with the only difference being that the player is positioned sideways to the net and hits from the side. A serve with a high flight trajectory of the ball is distinguished by the fact that the swing is performed in a plane perpendicular to the support, the striking hand is moved down and back, and the ball is struck with a sharp and fast movement from below, along the half of the ball farthest from the net with the edge of the palm so that after hitting it received anterior-posterior rotation. This delivery is performed in open areas or in gyms with a high ceiling.

Top direct feed. In the starting position, the player is facing or half-turning towards the net. Maintaining the ball at shoulder level, the player evenly distributes body weight on his legs, the hitting arm is bent at the elbow joint and prepared for the swing. The ball is thrown slightly forward, up to 1 m above an outstretched arm. After throwing the ball with the hitting hand, a swing is performed up and back, the straight arm is pulled back. During the strike, the hitting hand moves forward and upward, the strike is performed in front of the player. To give the ball rotation, you need to place your hand on the surface of the ball at the moment of impact so that the direction of the impact force does not pass through the center of gravity of the ball, that is, move the hand to the side or up from the middle. In all cases, when serving with a high initial speed, the ball must rotate around a horizontal axis. Then it remains within the area, although it has an initial forward-upward flight direction. To serve without spinning the ball and causing it to oscillate, the ball is tossed without spinning the ball. The ball is hit quickly and sharply with a tense hand. In this case, the ball will glide. Recently, jump serves have been increasingly used. Distinctive Features it is: using a run-up (similar to an attacking kick), throwing the ball 1.5-2 m forward, jumping strike and landing after hitting the area. There are also several top side feed methods. The ball is hit above the level shoulder joint, standing sideways to the net. When performing a serve with rotation of the ball from a place, the player throws it almost above his head to a height of up to 1.5 m. With his hitting hand he swings down and back, the body weight is transferred to the leg corresponding to the hitting hand. The hand continues to move back and forth, the ball is hit from front to back, the body turns towards the net. The upper side serve can also be performed after one or several steps, which makes it possible to increase the force of the blow.

Transfers. The game involves passing the ball from above with two hands, while in a supporting position, in a jump and with falls.

Two-handed overhand pass. In the initial position, the player’s torso is vertical, legs shoulder-width apart, or one leg slightly in front. The degree of bending of the legs depends on the height of the ball's flight path. The arms are brought out in front of the face, the hands are optimally tense. As the ball approaches, the player begins a counter movement by straightening his legs, torso and arms. When performing a striking movement, at the moment of contact with the ball, the fingers first absorb the oncoming flight of the ball, then the hands and fingers straighten elastically and elastically, giving the ball a new forward movement. The index and middle fingers are the main striking part, the ring and little fingers hold the ball laterally. Giving the ball a new direction with a specific trajectory requires an increase in muscle effort, which is manifested in the coordinated movement of the legs, torso and arms. When passing back, the player raises his arms, placing the backs of his hands above his head, straightens his legs, and tilts his torso up and back. The transfer is performed by extending the arms in elbow joints and movements of the torso back and up, with simultaneous bending in the thoracic and lumbar parts of the spinal column.

In the case when the ball flies high and is aimed behind the player, an overhead pass is performed with two hands or one in a jump. During the jump, the arms are raised above the head slightly higher than when passing in support. Pushing off from the support, the player turns his arms up and performs a pass at the highest point of the jump. When passing the ball while jumping back behind the head, the movement technique remains the same as when passing from a supporting position. Passing the ball from above with two hands in a fall with a roll on the back, with a fall on the hip_back is used when the ball flies directly at the player or away from him.

Offensive strikes. The game of volleyball uses direct, side attacking strikes and strikes with a turn of the hand and torso.

A direct attacking strike is characterized by a combination of movements that are difficult to coordinate. Preparation for performing a direct attack strike is carried out through accelerated walking, turning into running. The rhythm of the run-up significantly depends on the speed and trajectory of the ball to perform an attacking strike. The run-up length is 2-3 steps and a jump. In a jump, the foot of the forward leg is placed on the heel (stopping step), the second leg is placed against the first, and the straightened arms are pulled back. Pushing off from the support begins with a swinging movement of the arms in an arc from behind to forward to up even before the active extension of the legs. In volleyball, the upward jump is usually as high as possible, so the player must push off as hard as possible. Simultaneously with the take-off, the player swings his hitting arm up and back, bends in the chest and lower back, bends his legs slightly at the knee joints, takes his right shoulder (if the right hand is a striker) back, and moves his left arm up and to the side, slightly bending it at the elbow joint. At the moment of hitting the ball, the hitting arm straightens at the elbow joint, the muscles of the abdomen, chest and arms, stretched during the swing, sharply contract. The arm is straightened, the hand is placed on the ball in a relaxed state, the blow is performed in a certain direction. After hitting the ball, the player lands on his knees bent and on the front of his feet.

When performing a side attacking blow, the movements are almost similar to a direct attacking blow. The difference is that during the swing and impact there is a movement similar to an overhand serve.

When performing attacking strikes with the translation of the arm and torso, the movements are almost similar to a direct attacking strike, with the difference in the striking movement, in which the player, at the moment of hitting the ball, turns the hand and torso in the direction he needs.

Receiving the ball from below with both hands. Balls flying at waist level (or below the waist) are usually received from below with both hands. In this case, the hands are joined together and brought forward. As the ball approaches, the player straightens his legs and lifts his torso slightly up and forward. The ball is hit with the forearms, then the arms are moved forward and upward by straightening the torso and straightening the legs.

Receiving the ball from below with one hand. Balls flying far from the player are received with one hand, after the player has previously moved. The striking movement is performed with a tense hand. Of great importance for a successful game in defense is receiving the ball from below with one hand, falling forward or to the side, followed by sliding on the chest and stomach. When performing a lunge forward and then pushing with the leg, the player sends his torso down and forward, his arms are slightly pulled back for the upcoming swing movement. Simultaneously with the push, the leg located behind is lifted up with a swinging movement, the player’s torso moves forward_up, and the angle of its inclination to the horizontal increases. The ball is struck in flight with the back of the hand or fist. After hitting the ball, the player extends his arms forward and spreads them to the sides slightly wider than his shoulders. When landing on your hands, shock absorption is carried out mainly by the yielding movement of the belt upper limbs. The torso bends at the lower back, lowering down and forward until the chest and abdomen touch the platform. Landing is accompanied by a sliding of the body along the platform, while the chin is tilted slightly back.

Receiving the ball from below with one hand while falling and performing a somersault over the shoulder after hitting the ball is very effective.

Blocking. Having determined the direction and height of the ball for an attacking shot, the player moves to the intended meeting place with the ball with side steps, a jump or a slow run. At the same time, his legs are slightly bent at the knees, and his arms are slightly bent at the elbow joints, his hands are at the level of his head. Before blocking, the player bends his legs more strongly at the knee and ankle joints, his legs are shoulder-width apart, and the forearms of his bent arms are raised slightly above his head. When blocking attacking shots performed after regular passes, the player pushes away from the support at the moment when the attacker is in an unsupported position. Having determined the actions of the attacker, the blocker pushes off from the support, while the movement begins with his arms and then with his legs. By sharply extending the legs, straightening the body and energetically waving the arms, the player assumes a vertical position.

The hands are raised above the net so that the forearms have a slight slope in relation to the net, the fingers are spread slightly less than the diameter of the ball and are optimally tense. As the ball approaches, the hands move forward_up towards the opponent. At the same time, the hands are bent in wrist joints and the fingers move forward_down. After blocking, the player lands on bent legs.

The movements described above relate to the technique of performing a stationary block. Movable blocking is similar to fixed blocking. If for stationary blocking the hands are placed above the net in order to cover a certain area of the court, then for moving blocking the player moves his hands to the right or left, depending on the direction of the attacking blow. If shots are blocked from the edges of the net, the palm of the hand closest to the edge turns inward so that when the block is hit, the ball bounces into the opponent's court.

The technique for blocking attacking blows performed after various passes is almost similar to that described above. The exception is the moment of repulsion from the support, which corresponds to the beginning of the unsupported phase of the attacker.

2. METHODOLOGY FOR TEACHING BASIC MOVEMENTS

The specificity of volleyball, expressed in keeping the ball in the air for a long time through technical techniques performed without delay, and assessed by expert judges, makes it possible to classify volleyball as a technically complex game. The emotional appeal, accessibility and simplicity of the equipment (net and ball) partly help compensate for the difficulty in learning, maintaining interest in volleyball.

The main problems associated with teaching the technique of performing game elements are in general view can be formulated as follows. How to teach a game element:

a) without errors,

b) quickly.

Learning without errors is a necessary condition for rapid learning (it takes the teacher much more time to correct errors than to master game element), but insufficient, because the desire to avoid mistakes often leads to repeated repetition of already mastered exercises. This is facilitated by the inability to separate gross errors from minor errors and shortcomings in technology, which have little effect on the effectiveness of game actions.

Results of observation of the work of children's trainers sports schools Voronezh allow us to draw the following conclusion: the main reason inhibiting effective and rapid mastery of the technique is an excessively large number of repetitions in the exercises. The basis for this statement are the laws of psychophysiology that determine the volume, stability and intensity of students’ attention, as well as the peculiarities of the influence of the consequences of inhibitory processes on the formation of a motor skill.

It is the “extra” dozens (and sometimes hundreds) of repetitions at the learning stage that slow down the process of differentiation of excitation in the motor zones of the cerebral cortex. The traditional formula “quantity turns into quality” does not work in this situation, since the number of “correct” movements is essential for learning, and not total repetitions. In addition, motor memory grasps what is conscious much faster, and components of movement that are outside the player’s field of attention are fixed reflexively according to the principle “how convenient” instead of “how profitable”.

An analysis of the training regimes of Russia's leading children's trainers allows us to determine the following requirements, which are the implementation of the principles of accessibility and gradualism in training.

The drill ends immediately if the player loses control of the movement. This amount, according to sports psychologists, for complex movements is equal to 1-2 repetitions, for movements of average complexity it is equal to 3-10 repetitions and for simple movements does not exceed 30.

An exercise should not be used in training if the player cannot perform the proposed movement on the second, or maximum on the third attempt. Creating the correct representation is necessary, but not sufficient, because the player may simply not have the motor base to master the technique. The movement is divided into accessible elements. The coach here is required to be able to choose the right lead-in exercises, based on the principle of gradually increasing the complexity of tasks. A system of numerous simulation exercises and exercises in simplified conditions is a necessary component of effective technique training.

The abundance of exercises should not obscure the player's learning task. There may be several dozen exercises, but all of them should be subordinated to one task in the training. Example: When learning top gear, the first priority is correct position fingers and hands on the ball in all three phases of the pass. This problem is solved by focusing on the position of the fingers and hands when performing single passes and many short series in a variety of conditions, eliminating distractions to other links.

A set of exercises for learning to play volleyball.

Exercises for learning and improving top gear:

1. The player performs sequential passes of the ball over himself, one after another. Passing height – medium and high: 1.5 and 2.5 m. During the exercise, we must strive to ensure that the player does not allow significant movements. This is an indicator correct execution tasks.

2. The player performs one pass after another over himself, clapping his palms behind his back between passes. The transmission should be quite high.

3. While walking, the player performs upward and forward passes above himself.

4. The player throws the ball forward and upward, runs after the ball and passes over himself.

5. The same, the transfer is performed to the partner.

6. The player passes the ball into the wall repeatedly. Inaccurate passes create additional difficulties for the player. In this way, he becomes accustomed to the precision of the actions performed. The player's distance from the wall is 2.5–3 meters.

7. The same, but the transmission height changes alternately.

8. The player makes two passes: the first in the direction of the wall, the second above himself after the ball bounces off the wall.

9. Players stand in two lines. Distance between players

5–6 m. Players in pairs pass the ball, trying to accurately pass it to each other.

10. The same, players perform mutual passes along three different trajectories: high, medium and low. (It is necessary to establish a certain sequence.)

11. Receiving the ball from the coach (distance 5–6 m), each player makes two passes: above himself and towards his partner. (Practices need to know the difference in the position of the hands and forearms to perform first and second gear.)

12. The player with the ball begins the exercise, directing the ball to the right, left and in front of him. The partner must determine the direction of the pass and, quickly approaching the ball, send it exactly back. (After

12–15 passes players change roles.)

13. The distance between the players is 7–8 m. Each player has a ball, at the same time the players pass to each other along a high trajectory (it is necessary to strive for the exercise to be performed continuously).

14. The distance is the same. The player with the ball stands with his back to his partner, makes a pass above himself, then turns 180° and makes the next pass to his partner, the partner immediately returns the ball back. (After 12–14 passes, the players change places.)

15. Players stand facing each other at a distance of 9 meters. The player with the ball directs the ball 2-3 m, then catches up and makes a pass to his partner, and returns to his starting position. The second player does the same. (Number of gears 10–15.)

16. The players are separated by a net. Through it, players pass the ball to each other, each trying to complete an accurate pass. Then the players increase or decrease the distance (the exercise is performed for 2 minutes).

17. The distance between the players is 5–6 m. The player with the ball makes a pass above himself to a height of 3–4 m, then passes it to his partner in a jump, the other player does the same (10–15 passes in total).

18. Players in threes stand in zones 2, 4, 6. The player in front of zone 6 holds the ball, he begins the exercise by sending the ball with a pass in the direction of the player in zone 2. The exercise is also performed when the direction of passes and movements of the players changes to the opposite.

19. Passing the ball from the depths of the court after moving. A group of 3-4 players stands in the first zone, one player with the ball in the 2nd zone passes to the first player in the 1st zone, then this player moves to the 6th zone, where the next pass from the passer from the 2nd zone is directed. 1st zone, and then from the 4th zone, then the first player from the group returns to the 1st zone and stands at the end of the group, etc.

20. Players take turns passing the ball to each other, and then move to take a place at the end of the adjacent group (moving clockwise). Groups of players stand in groups of 2-3 people in the corners of a triangle or rectangle.

21. Passing the ball along the net. The six players on both sides of the net are positioned in groups of three in the 1st and 5th zones. Players from the 5th zone come out, make a pass along the net, then “dive” under the net, moving, take a position at the end of the opposite column of players, and players from the 1st zone move in the same way towards (5-6 minutes).

Exercises for learning and improving low passing and receiving the ball from below:

1. Reception of the ball from below - the partner throws the ball (a distance of 2–3 m, which then gradually increases to 10–15 m).

2. At the wall: hitting the ball from below repeatedly, the counter movement of the arms is insignificant and is carried out mainly due to the extension of the legs.

3. Throw the ball up and forward, catch up and perform a technique from below after it bounces 10-15 times.

4. Receiving the ball from below while moving around the perimeter of the volleyball court, the ball is not lower than 1.5–2 m.

5. The player with the ball stands at the net, the partner is at a distance of 6–7 m. The first player throws the ball, the second hits it, landing from below, 10–15 times, then the players change places.

6. The same, only the player standing at the net makes a top pass directly to his partner.

7. The same, only the player standing at the net directs the ball towards his partner with a regular blow.

8. Two players stand with balls at the net. Alternately, they send them in a random manner in front of them. The 6th zone player must move to the right, then to the left (etc.) and each time pass the ball from below to the net. After 5-6 such passes, the next player in the 6th zone takes his place. The exercise is repeated.

9. The player of the 3rd zone, having two balls, sends them alternately in an arbitrary manner to the players of the 6th zone, within the court, each of whom sends the ball in a downward manner to the 3rd zone. The direction of the transfers is determined by the teacher.

10. Receiving the serve in the 6th zone near the offensive line and passing to the 3rd zone.

11. Receiving the serve in zones 6, 5, 1 at the offensive line and the first pass to zones 2, 4.

12. In pairs – serve the top line and receive the ball. The distance between participants is 8–10 m.

13. The same through the mesh.

It should be noted that the skill of receiving a serve is developed much more successfully if you first use the lower straight serve. Students master lower serve skills relatively quickly and make fewer errors (losses of serve). In addition, with a lower serve the ball can be sent accurately, which is of particular importance in exercises for receiving serves.

Exercises for training and improving attacking technique:

1. Teaching the rhythm of running, pushing off and jumping, jumping up from the running one, two, three steps.

2. Hitting the ball with the hand - standing still, against the wall, in pairs.

3. Throws tennis ball through the net in a running jump.

4. Shots through the net after a run-up in two or three steps with the teacher tossing the ball.

5. Direct attacking strike with a run in three steps from the 4th zone, and then from the 2nd zone. The height of the ball is 1.5–2 m.

6. Direct attacking kick from a pass from a partner standing in the 3rd zone.

7. Attacking strike in pairs from your toss.

8. The same with the transfer of the partner.

9. Attacking shots from both sides from the passer.

10. Each attacker, having three balls, performs a strike from the setter’s pass into zones 1, 6, 5 (from the starting position in zones 4, 2).

11. Performing a shot from a low, short pass.

Exercises for learning and improving blocking techniques:

1. Jumping at the net simulating blocking in place 15–20 times.

2. The same with one step 15–20 times.

3. The same with a run from the offensive line 10–15 times.

4. Jumping along the grid for each additional step, simulating a single block.

5. Simulation of a block in 2, 3, 4 zones, moving along the grid with a cross step.

6. Exercise in pairs, players stand different sides net, the player with the ball jumps out and throws the ball from top to bottom with two hands: left, right, forward, and the other, blocking, jumps out and blocks the movement of the ball.

7. The blocker stands in zone 2 (3, 4), and the players of the group take turns making attacking shots as they move from zone 4 (3, 2) on the opposite side of the net.

When blocking, especially double blocking, you need to pay more attention to the clarity of movement. During double blocking, it is important that the players do not interfere with each other, act in concert when moving and directly in the jump.

Exercises for learning and improving serving technique:

1. Mastering the ball toss. The ball is in the palm of the left hand. Throw it vertically up to a height of 60–80 cm and let it fall to the floor 15–20 times.

2. Mastering the striking movement. With a straight hand, the player knocks the ball from the palm of his left hand straightened at waist level - for a straight bottom serve; knocking down the ball placed on the fingers of the left hand straightened forward and upward - for a straight overhead serve.

3. The player takes a ready stance 6 meters from the net, the ball is in the palm of his left hand - make a swing with his right hand, throw the ball up and hit it over the net with his right hand.

4. Five serves in a row from behind the baseline into the court.

5. Serves to the right and left halves of the court.

6. Serves to the far and near parts of the court.

7. Serve the ball, alternating various ways(bottom, top).

8. Feeds for accuracy sequentially in zones 1, 6, 5, 4, 2.

9. Power serves – upper straight and lateral.

CONCLUSION

Volleyball is one of the most common games in Russia. The mass, truly folk character of volleyball is explained by its high emotionality and accessibility, based on the simplicity of the rules of the game and the simplicity of the equipment. The special advantage of volleyball as a means physical education is its specific quality - the ability to self-dosage the load, i.e. correspondence between the player’s preparedness and the load he receives. This makes volleyball a game accessible to people of all ages.

The process of playing volleyball is characterized by a variety of alternating movements, rapid changes of situations, changes in the intensity and duration of the activity of each player. The conditions of gaming activities teach those involved: to subordinate their actions to the interests of the team in achieving a common goal; act with maximum effort of one’s strengths and capabilities, overcome difficulties during wrestling; Constantly monitor the progress of the game, instantly assess the changed situation and make the right decisions.

Volleyball helps foster a sense of collectivism; perseverance, determination, determination; attention and quick thinking; ability to manage your emotions; improving basic physical qualities.

LIST OF REFERENCES USED

1. Volleyball. Per. with him. Under general Ed. M. Fiedler. – M.: Physical culture and sport, 1972

2. Zheleznyak Yu.D. 120 volleyball lessons. – M: Physical culture and sport, 1965

3. Mondozolevsky G.G. Player's generosity. – M.: Physical culture and sport, 1984

4. Fundamentals of volleyball./Comp. O. Chekhov. M.: Physical culture and sport, 1979

5. Pravdin V.A. and others. Volleyball is a game for everyone - M.: Physical education and sport, 1966

6. Sports games; Textbook for pedagogical students Institute for specialties No. 2114 “Phys. education" / V.D. Kovaleva. – M.: Education, 1988

7. Furmanov A.G., Boldyrev D.M. Volleyball. – M.: Physical culture and sport, 1983

Related information.

Volleyball training for beginners

Stage 1

introductory exercises with the ball - playing with the ball, moving with the ball, throwing the ball
general physical preparation

Stage 2

an idea of the simplest game situations
basic stances of a volleyball player
bottom transmission
overhand transmission
innings
preparatory games with a ball

Stage 3

idea of game combinations
forward kick
improving delivery

Stage 4

receiving an attacking blow
service acceptance
understanding of team defensive actions

Training schedule for beginner volleyball players (approximate plan for 6 months)

A week	Contents of the training
1st	Individual games and exercises with the ball
2nd	Games and exercises with a ball in pairs
3rd	Throwing the ball from below and above individually
4th	Studying the main stance of a volleyball player when playing defense, moving in the main stance in different directions
5th	One-handed underhand serve and serve return
6th	Games involving throwing, catching and passing the ball to a partner, and serving from below
7th	Playing mini-volleyball 2x2, 3x3 or 4x4 using acquired game skills
8th	Studying the overhand pass, throwing and catching the ball overhand with two hands
9th	Movement in different directions when performing an overhand pass
10th	Games involving the execution of an overhand pass (running, side steps)
11th	Overhand pass from baseline to net
12th	Overhand pass along the net (exercises for training passing players)
13th	Games for 2-3 players to practice overhand passing
14th	Studying the attacking strike (run-up, hand movement)
15th	Study of the attacking blow (push, jump). Attack through a low net. A game involving the execution of an overhead pass and an attacking shot
16th	Forward kick from high pass, kicks in different directions
17th	Receiving an attacking blow while moving in different directions
18th	Receiving an attacking blow, trying to anticipate its direction
19th	Reception of an attacking blow by 2-3 players in compliance with the formation when playing in defense
20th	Comprehensive training - overhead pass, offensive kick, defensive play
21st and 22nd	A 4x4 game on a 6x4.5 m court with the execution of a serve from below, a serve being received, a pass from above, an attacking shot

Trainings are held 2 times a week for 2 hours a day.

Total training time is 88 hours.

Why is it advisable to conduct training for beginning volleyball players in the presented sequence?

Many beginners may be afraid of a ball flying at them at a fairly high speed. The coach's task is to rid them of this fear.
Most people like to play with a ball (throwing, catching, kicking). Including familiar elements of ball games into training makes the perception of volleyball simpler.
Many beginning players want to immediately play volleyball like the national team players do. They don't like doing boring things preparatory exercises. Good coach will find a way to teach beginners the basics technical methods volleyball in a game form. However, it must be borne in mind that to play volleyball you need at least a) the ability to serve (i.e., be able to put the ball into play) and b) the ability to receive a serve (without this, there is no way to hit the ball to the opponent’s side). Lack of these minimum skills makes it impossible to enjoy playing volleyball.
The two-handed overhand pass is a very difficult element to perform because beginners have never seen it before. When beginning players are just getting acquainted with volleyball, it is advisable to include a variety of throws followed by catching the ball in the training process. This will speed up the transition to mastering specifically volleyball technical elements.
Playing volleyball on a shortened court and with a reduced number of players on the team helps beginners develop a team and competitive spirit.

Of course, physical and perceptual abilities differ between children and adults. Therefore, all exercises and games included in training should have their own characteristics depending on the age of beginning volleyball players.

Improving the physical qualities of beginning players is one of the goals training process. At regular classes When playing volleyball even 2 times a week, there is a steady improvement in the physical condition of the players. And the positive results of training are a powerful incentive for further progress.

Basic training principles for beginner volleyball players

Each workout should be part of an overall reasonable training process to improve the physical condition, technical skills and psychological attitude of the trainees.
You should use different physical exercise and different types of ball games for development physical abilities engaged.
Each exercise should be repeated at least 10 times. After 60 minutes of training, it is recommended to take a 10-15 minute break.
Weight-bearing exercise should not be given to children under 12 years of age.
Warm-up and warm-up exercises should be performed by all participants before each workout.
Detailed explanations should be given for each game combination.
It is necessary to stimulate interest in training among beginning players. Praise and approval from the coach are very important for motivating beginners.
Under no circumstances should you put psychological pressure on beginning volleyball players, either during training or during games.
All players must be given equal opportunities to participate in game situations. A beginner will not learn anything if he only watches the game from the sidelines.
A coach should not strive to win competitions at any cost. The success of beginning players in training is much more important than the results of any tournament.

Information from the FIVB collection "Instructions for Coaches"
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Basic elements of the game volleyball grade 5, exercises for learning and improving movements and stances, techniques for passing the ball from above, approach games.

Volleyball included curriculum 5 classes. This is completely justified, or methodically thought out, well-constructed lessons physical culture based on this material sports game very effective. Firstly, they promote diversified physical training students. Secondly, they create a solid foundation for mastering the basic techniques of playing volleyball. And, thirdly, they take place in an atmosphere of special emotional uplift.
Every physical education teacher is clear that the primary goal is for students to successfully master the fundamental skills of playing volleyball. You must learn to move quickly around the court, stop and change direction, learn the overhand pass with two hands, the underhand serve and the underhand reception with both hands. Having studied these techniques well in lessons in grades 5-6, you can confidently play according to the rules of mini-volleyball. All this will become the basis for successful study of program material in subsequent grades 7-11.
Students must learn certain rules of conduct in class when learning the techniques of playing volleyball. Exercises with a volleyball must be preceded by exercises in the introductory part of the lesson. It is necessary to introduce students to the skills of self-belaying when jumping, of which there are many falls in volleyball. Participants must ensure that when jumping the ball does not fall under their feet; in case of danger, be sure to give a signal to others. Students should not rush into playing techniques that they have not yet learned. Special attention The teacher instructs students to ensure that their hands are positioned correctly when passing overhand with both hands and that they do not point their thumbs forward - this can lead to injury.
Fifth-graders must master the basic methods of movement in volleyball, rational starting positions for performing game techniques - the so-called volleyball stances, study the top pass of the ball with two hands, and master games preparatory to volleyball. It is impossible to learn the elements of the game volleyball without high-quality sports shoes.

Movements and stances

Movements and stances are included in the playing technique of a young volleyball player, from their perfection The success of various actions with the ball depends.

In 5th grade, students should be taught to stop at signals while walking and running. The stance is the position when a volleyball player is ready to perform a game technique, such as a pass (Fig. 1).
We recommend using the following exercises:

Exercises for learning and improving movements and stances

1. Walk as usual, stop at a signal and turn left (right).
2. The same, but after stopping, sit down and stand up. The same after stopping and turning.
3. While walking, stop with a jump, the right leg is in front.
4. Ordinary running, stop with a jump at the signal (as in exercise 3).
5. Walking in a cross step with the right and left sides forward.
6. Running in a cross step with the right and left sides forward. When moving with the right side forward, the left leg is once in front of the right, and a second time behind it, etc. When moving with the left side forward, the same is done right foot.
7. While walking and. running at the signal to stop and take a volleyball player's stance.
8. The same, but simulating an overhead pass of the ball with two hands.

Passing the ball overhand with two hands

Learning top gear is perhaps the decisive stage on the path to mastering the skills of the game, since having mastered this technique, you can play volleyball, eliminating serves. In Fig. Figure 2 shows the main positions of a volleyball player when performing a top pass. The player needs to “go under the ball.” Without this, it is impossible to perform the transfer correctly. This is why the ability to move quickly and stop while taking a volleyball stance is so important.

Technique for passing the ball over the top

In the starting position, the legs are bent at the knees, the arms are at the elbows, and the hands with fingers spread at face level form a place for the ball. The technique begins with straightening the legs, then the arms begin to move. At the moment of contact of the hands with the ball, the legs are straightened quickly, and the final movement of the hands gives the ball the necessary direction. In top gear, the main load falls on the index and partly the middle fingers, the thumbs soften the impact of the ball on the hands, and the ring and little fingers support the ball. You can feel the position of your fingers on the ball by placing your hands on the ball that your partner is holding. The ball must be touched only with your fingers; touching it with your palms is a gross mistake and is a violation of the rules of the game.
It is very important, as already noted, to get under the ball in a timely manner. Equally important (and very difficult) is to find the correct place for your hands to touch the ball. All this determines the nature of the exercises that are given below and serve to teach the upper pass of the ball with two hands.

Exercises for learning how to pass the ball over the top

1. In pairs, throw medicine ball(1 kg) from overhead hand position to overhead pass position.

2. In pairs, catch a medicine ball (1 kg) above the head, in the receiving position from above.
3. In pairs, throwing and catching a medicine ball (exercises 1 and 2 combined).
4. The student takes the stance of a volleyball player and places his hands above his head - at the point of hitting the ball. The partner places the volleyball into a “funnel” of palms with fingers apart (repeat this several times).
5. The same, but in the hitting position the ball is held in place, and the student (passer) squats, taking his hands away from the ball, and straightens his legs, again placing his hands on the ball.
6. Passing a suspended ball from above with two hands: standing still, after walking, running and stopping.
7. Throwing the ball above you and passing it from above with both hands to a distance of 1.5-2.0 m.
8. Passing the ball from above with two hands - the partner throws the ball from a distance of 1.5-2.0 m.
9. Passing the ball in pairs at a distance of 1-2 m.
10. Pass the ball against the wall - repeatedly, hitting the wall.

Leading games

Students want to move on to the game itself as quickly as possible. However, the teacher must explain to them that only those who have mastered the techniques of the game can get real pleasure from the game. Preparatory games serve as a stepping stone to volleyball. They are also very interesting, more accessible, and quickly bring students closer to “real” volleyball.

"Pioneerball".

Each team has 6-8 students, the game is played with two balls. The game begins with throwing the ball above you and passing it over the net. The goal is to get the balls on one side of the court, in which case the team on the opposite side is awarded a point. The team that scores the set number of points first wins.

"The ball is in the air."

Each team has 6-8 students forming their own circle, in the middle of which is the driver with a volleyball in his hands. At the signal, the driver of his team alternately throws the ball to the players, who return the ball to him with an overhead pass with both hands. The winner is the team that completes the given number of passes the fastest and at the same time makes fewer mistakes (ball falling, etc.)

A set of exercises for learning to play volleyball

Exercises for learning and improving top gear

1. The player performs sequential passes of the ball over himself, one after another. Passing height - medium and high: 1.5 and 2.5 m. During the exercise, one must strive to ensure that the player does not allow significant movements. This is an indicator of the correct completion of the task.

2. The player performs one pass after another over himself, clapping his palms behind his back between passes. The transmission should be quite high.

3. While walking, the player performs upward and forward passes above himself.

4. The player throws the ball forward and upward, runs after the ball and passes over himself.

5. The same, the transfer is performed to the partner.

7. The same, but the transmission height changes alternately.

8. The player makes two passes: the first in the direction of the wall, the second above himself after the ball bounces off the wall.

9. Players stand in two lines. Distance between players

5-6 m. Players in pairs pass the ball, trying to accurately pass it to each other.

10. The same, players perform mutual passes along three different trajectories: high, medium and low. (It is necessary to establish a certain sequence.)

11. Receiving the ball from the coach (distance 5-6 m), each player makes two passes: above himself and towards his partner. (Practices need to know the difference in the position of the hands and forearms to perform first and second gear.)

12-15 passes players change roles.)

13. The distance between the players is 7-8 m. Each player has a ball, at the same time the players pass to each other along a high trajectory (it is necessary to strive for the exercise to be performed continuously).

17. The distance between the players is 5-6 m. The player with the ball performs a pass above himself to a height of 3-4 m, then passes it to his partner in a jump, the other player does the same (10-15 passes in total).

20. Players take turns passing the ball to each other, and then move to take a place at the end of the adjacent group (moving clockwise). Groups of players stand 2-3 people each in the corners of a triangle or rectangle.

Exercises for learning and improving low passing and receiving the ball from below

1. Reception of the ball from below - the partner throws the ball (a distance of 2-3 m, which then gradually increases to 10-15 m).

2. At the wall: hitting the ball from below repeatedly, the counter movement of the arms is insignificant and is carried out mainly due to the extension of the legs.

3. Throw the ball up and forward, catch up and perform a technique from below after it bounces 10-15 times.

4. Receiving the ball from below while moving around the perimeter of the volleyball court, the ball is not lower than 1.5-2 m.

5. The player with the ball stands at the net, the partner is at a distance of 6-7 m. The first player throws the ball, the second hits it, landing from below, 10-15 times, then the players change places.

6. The same, only the player standing at the net makes a top pass directly to his partner.

7. The same, only the player standing at the net directs the ball towards his partner with a regular blow.

10. Receiving the serve in the 6th zone near the offensive line and passing to the 3rd zone.

11. Receiving the serve in zones 6, 5, 1 at the offensive line and the first pass to zones 2, 4.

12. In pairs - serve the top line and receive the ball. The distance between participants is 8-10 m.

13. The same through the mesh.

Exercises for training and improving attacking technique

1. Teaching the rhythm of running, pushing off and jumping, jumping up from the running one, two, three steps.

2. Hitting the ball with the hand - standing still, against the wall, in pairs.

3. Throwing a tennis ball over the net with a running jump.

4. Shots through the net after a run-up in two or three steps with the teacher tossing the ball.

5. Direct attacking strike with a run in three steps from the 4th zone, and then from the 2nd zone. Ball height 1.5-2 m.

6. Direct attacking kick from a pass from a partner standing in the 3rd zone.

7. Attacking strike in pairs from your toss.

8. The same with the transfer of the partner.

9. Attacking shots from both sides from the passer.

10. Each attacker, having three balls, performs a strike from the setter’s pass into zones 1, 6, 5 (from the starting position in zones 4, 2).

11. Performing a shot from a low, short pass.

Exercises to learn and improve your blocking technique

1. Jumping at the net simulating blocking in place 15-20 times.

2. The same with one step 15-20 times.

3. The same with a run from the offensive line 10-15 times.

4. Jumping along the grid for each additional step, simulating a single block.

5. Simulation of a block in 2, 3, 4 zones, moving along the grid with a cross step.

6. Exercise in pairs, players stand on opposite sides of the net, the player with the ball jumps out and throws the ball from top to bottom with both hands: left, right, forward, and the other, blocking, jumps out and blocks the ball's movement.

7. The blocker stands in zone 2 (3, 4), and the players of the group take turns making attacking shots as they move from zone 4 (3, 2) on the opposite side of the net.

Exercises for learning and improving serving technique

1. Mastering the ball toss. The ball is in the palm of the left hand. Throw it vertically up to a height of 60-80 cm and let it fall to the floor 15-20 times.

2. Mastering the striking movement. With a straight hand, the player knocks the ball from the palm straightened at the level of the waist of the left hand - for a straight bottom serve; knocking down the ball located on the fingers of the left hand straightened forward and upward - for a straight overhead serve.

3. The player takes a ready stance 6 meters from the net, the ball is in the palm of his left hand - make a swing with his right hand, throw the ball up and hit it over the net with his right hand.

4. Five serves in a row from behind the baseline into the court.

5. Serves to the right and left halves of the court.

6. Serves to the far and near parts of the court.

7. Serving the ball, alternating different ways (from below, from above).

8. Feeds for accuracy sequentially in zones 1, 6, 5, 4, 2.

9. Feeds for strength - upper straight and lateral.

Men and women

Average price per lesson

Impact on weight

Injury hazard

Are training

Coordination

Dexterity

Flexibility

Ligaments are strengthened

Strengthens the eye muscles

The cardiovascular system develops

“Here there is no track and no start, but there is a lot of excitement...”

Volleyball has been played in the world for more than 120 years. Throwing a ball over a net suspended above human height was first started in the United States in 1895. Representatives of the creative intelligentsia were at the origins of volleyball in the USSR. In 1923, in the capital on Myasnitskaya Street, students State technical school cinematography played with the team of the Higher Artistic and Technical Workshops. Later a short time Volleyball in Moscow, as throughout the country, has become an accessible and popular hobby for children and adults.

Modern professional volleyball is a competition of giants. The average height of girls is 182 cm, men are usually taller than 2 meters. The tallest volleyball player in the world, Dmitry Musersky, plays for the Russian national team, his height is 219 cm.

Volleyball is played on a rectangular court divided by a net. Teams can have up to 14 players, 6 of whom take the field. Their task is to hit the ball so that it touches the floor on the opponent's side, or to force their opponents to make a mistake. To organize an attack, players of one team are allowed no more than three touches of the ball in a row.

Can everyone play volleyball?

If the last time you played sports was in physical education class at school, then volleyball is what you need. You can play in almost any physical condition without fear of injury, since volleyball is a non-contact sport. At the same time, the players feel like they are part of a single organism, since the main thing in volleyball is teamwork, where you need to trust your partners and respect your opponents.

Most children's volleyball sports schools in Moscow accept children from 7 years old, but older children can easily sign up. There are no restrictions for adults.

What do you need for your first workout?

Volleyball training does not require large financial investments. Before going to the volleyball section, it is enough to purchase a T-shirt or tank top and sports shorts. Clothes can be made from natural fabrics, but it is better to opt for synthetics. The fact is that you will sweat a lot, and specially designed modern materials can quickly eliminate moisture and maintain normal thermoregulation. Clothing should be loose enough and not restrict movement.

Now about the shoes. Any sports sneakers that you probably have will be suitable for a trial workout. Once you realize that volleyball is firmly in your schedule, you should buy special volleyball shoes with thick soles. When jumping, they absorb shock loads and do not slip on the parquet. For additional fixation ankle joint, some models feature mid or high top shoes. You should also purchase knee pads, as you will have to fall a lot during the game.

How are volleyball training sessions going?

As in any game form sports, in the volleyball section, the lesson begins with a warm-up. The team stands in a circle and performs lunges, bends, squats, pumping up the abs, back and legs. To avoid injury, athletes stretch and warm up their joints. Then follow the running exercises - 3-4 circles of jogging around the hall turn into running with a high hip lift, sweeping the shin, etc. Having warmed up well, athletes in the volleyball section move on to simulating an attacking blow and block on the net, and then to practicing falls. And only after that it comes to the balls. Working off different types Throws and strikes for accuracy are carried out in pairs or threes. And finally, play for fun. At the end of the volleyball training, there is more stretching, after which the winning team goes to change clothes, and the losing team traditionally collects balls in the hall.

When will the results from playing volleyball be noticeable?

Improvement physical fitness Beginning players in the volleyball section can be noticed after a month if you train at least 2 times a week for 2 hours. Constant jumping will tighten your legs and buttocks. In another couple of months, the muscle corset will strengthen and develop respiratory system, and you will get rid of stress.

Of course, before you can emulate the national team volleyball players, you will have to master the basic skills of being able to serve and being able to receive serve. An overhand pass with two hands is a very difficult element to perform; it takes months, or even years, to perfect. But after 2-3 months of training in the volleyball section, you will feel that you have gotten rid of communication problems. Because volleyball is a kind of psychological training where you learn to understand each other without words.

How to sign up for classes and choose a volleyball section in Moscow?

Volleyball is available to both adults and children, if they wish! Sport sections They work at secondary schools; the most capable children are recruited into specialized volleyball schools. For adults, classes are held in sports and recreation centers. If you want to study on your own, gathering your team of work colleagues or friends, you can simply rent a hall for 2-3 hours. We are ready to help you choose a volleyball section in Moscow. You can sign up for your first lesson on our website. Happy training!