How to use the old pool. How to build a pool with your own hands: tips and tricks

When I thought about how to make a pool in the country, I saw that the Internet resources mostly show expensive objects that are not always liftable even for a person with an average income. The fact is that the proposed models have built-in heating, skimmer or overflow filtration, various lights, and so on, which is much more expensive than the bowl itself.

Let's look at a budget option that almost every summer resident can do if he understands what concrete mortar is. And for a more detailed understanding of the process, we will show you the video in this article.

budget pool

Note. Below we will consider how to make a pool in the country house using the excavated method, since there is also a composite and frame method. But the second and third options are usually sold ready-made, they are more convenient to install, but their price will turn out to be higher than what we will offer you now.

Preparatory work

The very first stage of construction can be called the determination of the required dimensions of the bowl and its shape.. And if the average depth varies between 120 cm and 160 cm, then no instruction affects the section of the perimeter. It all depends on the size of the site and the number of people who can simultaneously be in the pool.
If everything is clear with the dimensions, then it should be noted that home-made pools in the country should be located in such a way that there are no trees nearby and it’s not even about the root system that can damage the concrete bowl. The problem is that the trees create a shadow over the water, making it cooler (we will not have heating) and, besides, falling leaves are garbage that you do not need at all.
If yours, then you should choose the most high place so that when it rains, water does not flow into the pool bowl.
When choosing any bowl shape, you will have to install wooden formwork with your own hands, but for rounded shapes it is somewhat more difficult to do, although it is quite realistic. So the easiest way to do this is in a pit with straight edges at any number of angles.

Installation work

After marking, we begin the device of the pool in the country with digging a foundation pit, only you will need to make it about 40-50 cm deeper and just as wide in each direction - this will be a place for pouring concrete.

But if you want to make a double formwork, then you will have to leave such a distance at each wall so that you can install an external shield. But you are unlikely to like this option - it is more expensive, and there are more labor costs, and the end result is almost the same.

When the pit is ready, you can start backfilling the sand-gravel cushion and installing waterproofing from a dense cellophane film. This film is best laid under the pillow, more precisely, in its composition - first pour, level and tamp a layer of sand 2-3 cm high and put cellophane on it with a twist on the walls. This inversion should be at least 30-40 cm above the bottom of the pool.

On top of the film, pour another layer of sand of the same height - it will serve to ensure that the pebbles do not damage the cut-off waterproofing. Then lay a layer of crushed stone with a thickness of 5-7 cm on the sand (the larger the fraction, the thicker the layer).

On the pillow, before pouring concrete, lay a plaster mesh, but you can also make a crate of wire rod with a section of 6-8 mm with a cell of 200 × 200 mm or 150 × 150 mm.

Now you need to prepare concrete and for such a structure we will fit M300 or M350 (corresponding classification B22.5 and B25) - you can see the proportions in the table above. The screed layer must be made from 70 mm (more possible) in order to completely eliminate the possibility of cracking.

During pouring, you will need to slightly raise the plaster mesh or steel crate so that it turns out approximately in the middle of the concrete layer, make the level itself with a slight slope, using beacons for this.

While the concrete is hardening, do not waste time - dig a trench for laying pipes for the drain and pumping water and you can lay the pipes right away (32 mm polyethylene brazed pipes will do here). Try to keep the pumping pipe as close to the floor as possible at the deepest point of the pool and install a filter on it, only so that it can be changed later.

About a week later, when it will be possible to walk freely on the floor, the installation of a pool in the country house involves the installation of formwork for pouring walls, with the preliminary installation of cut-off waterproofing. Shields can be made from edged boards, tightly fitting it at the joints so that there are no scars on the monolith, which then have to be removed.

But it will be even more convenient to make such shields from thick plywood or OSB, fixing them with timber and slats so that the sheet does not bend.

Recommendation. If you are planning to build a pool in the country in rounded shapes, then you will have to make the shields from plywood or OSB. You can easily bend such sheets to a certain extent and fix them with a beam and slats.

It is possible that you and your neighbors have country houses made of block containers that are mounted on a column base, but you could still see how the strip foundation is poured and how a metal frame is made for it, such as in the upper image.

To do this, you will need reinforcement (preferably with a variable profile) section 10-12 mm and steel knitting wire. Knit the structure in such a way that all parts of the metal are immersed in the solution by at least 50 mm - this prevents rusting.

Now you just have to install the frame and fill the formwork with concrete, only if you don’t have a vibrator, be sure to tamp the solution with some sort of rail - this way you will remove possible voids and increase the density of the mixture. It will be much better if the walls of the pool are a few centimeters above the ground and such a “base” can be made later, but it’s better right away, making the inner formwork a little higher, and installing a side of timber from the outside.

Advice. There will be a cold seam between the floor and the wall, through which water can seep. To prevent this from happening, use special termination tools, for example, KT Tron-2.

We learned how to build a pool in the country, but around it it is desirable to concrete a platform on which you can lie or change clothes. Such a construction should be rigid and easy to clean, so you can tile it, as in the photo above.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it should be said that if your site is not electrified, then you have a way out, this is renting a diesel generator for a summer residence or buying it. And for additional water purification, you can use ultraviolet disinfection lamps ().

What summer resident does not dream of acquiring a private pool? What could be better than taking a dip in cool water in the summer heat? Or maybe not only plunge, but even swim a couple of circles. In addition, with the appearance of a pool on your site, your prestige in the eyes of your neighbors will increase significantly. So, if you decide that you need it, you need to decide whether you will make a pool in the country with your own hands, or it is better to choose among ready-made models. Let's look at all the possible options.

Types and features of pools

There are many variations on the theme of country pools. However, conceptually they can be divided into 3 main types.

1. Inflatable pools for summer cottages

Let's start with the simplest option. Its undoubted advantage is ease of installation and low cost. In addition, this model is mobile. When assembled and packed, it will easily fit in the trunk of a car. And this means that you can take it with you on a picnic or simply transfer it from one site to another without any problems.

Among the modern representatives of this category there are containers of very different sizes - from standard children's "paddling pools" to large inflatable pools designed for 20 tons of water.
The disadvantages of inflatable pools include, first of all, their fragility: they wear out in just a few seasons. It is also impossible not to mention their vulnerability to mechanical damage.

2. Frame pools for giving

They are also fairly simple structures. The advantages of this category of pools include high installation speed and mobility, which, in general, is typical of all prefabricated pools for summer cottages. And unlike inflatable ones, they are more resistant to mechanical stress. And their rigid frameworks are reliably protected from corrosion.

Nevertheless, inflatable pool will cost the owners much cheaper than a frame pool for a summer residence. Moreover, the service life of such pools, in general, is also limited, like that of any mobile structure.

3. Stationary pools

Let's start with the obvious disadvantages of these structures: of all types, they are the most expensive - in terms of not only arrangement, but also maintenance. However, the list of disadvantages ends there. Because stationary pools are a fundamental construction, as they say, for centuries.

There are stationary pools with a concrete or ready-made bowl. A concrete bowl allows the owner to build a pool of any, even the most creative form.

At the same time, pool bowls made of composite materials greatly facilitate the process of arranging the structure (composite-pool).

How to build a pool with your own hands

Despite the fact that the pool on the site is perceived by many as an attribute of the high status of the owner of the house, it is not so difficult to build this structure on your own.
So, first you need to decide on the location of the pool and its size. They are dictated primarily by the area and the nature of the layout of the site.
If you are making a pool in the country with your own hands, do not choose complex shapes. Circle, rectangle, square are the best options.

Work begins with marking the boundaries of your future pool. It is carried out using pegs, twine and a measuring tape.

Next, we dig a pit. It is important that it be somewhere 40-50 cm larger than the intended pool and slightly deeper. As for the optimal depth of the pool, it is about 1.5 m - give or take.
Try to make the walls of the pit with a slight slope on outside- about 5 degrees. Thanks to this technique, you will insure the pool from soil shedding and ensure the reliability and stability of the structure.
The bottom of the pit must be carefully leveled and compacted, and a layer of sand or gravel about 30 cm thick must be laid on top.

Behind the sand cushion is a layer of waterproofing. An option from the “cheap, cheerful and reliable” area is 2 layers of roofing material on bituminous mastic. It is desirable that he protrudes 20-25 cm beyond the bottom onto the walls of the future pool.
In order to build a pool in the country with your own hands no worse than professionals would have done, you need to install the formwork very carefully - because it directly determines the quality of the walls of the structure.

Waterproof plywood and boards are used as formwork material, which must first be protected with drying oil or varnish.
Liquid concrete is poured between the walls of the pit and the formwork. It is better to strengthen the structure by reinforcement. For these purposes, wire rod 4-8 mm in diameter will do. The wire is cut with rods along the height of the pit. The reinforcement should be tied in places where the bars overlap with wire and laid in such a way that it is in the thickness of the concrete.

It is important to provide in advance the possibility of supplying water to the pool. If it is carried out through a pipe, it must be laid in concrete - as well as all other communications, for example, holes for installing spotlights.
For pouring the structure, it is desirable to use hydroconcrete. If there is none, cement grade C500 is required. The solution is made from a mixture of cement and sand in a ratio of 2 to 1.

When the cement thicket has hardened, the formwork is removed, and inner side the pool with the help of cement milk (a solution of water and cement) and a construction brush is processed, due to which a waterproofing film remains on the surface.
The bottom of the pool bowl is lined with reinforced mesh. In order for the mesh to be inside the concrete layer, it is placed on the stones. The thickness of the concrete layer at the bottom of the pool should be about 20 cm. It is important to ensure that the bottom is absolutely smooth and has a slope of about 3-5 cm towards the drainage pit.
The next step is lining the bowl. For this purpose, mosaic or ceramic tiles are used.

A little secret: choosing dark-colored tiles for facing, you simplify the process of heating the pool.
If you do not have the opportunity to tile the pool, you can prime the walls and bottom, and then paint them with oil paint.
As you can see, the pool modern world- it's not a luxury. Any owner can afford it. suburban area. It is enough just to choose the most suitable option for you.

Photos of various pools for summer cottages

(19 ratings, average: 4,11 out of 5)

In the summer it is always nice to swim in cool water. However, it is not always possible to go to a river or lake. In this case, the best solution would be to build a pool with your own hands in the country or on the territory of a frequency house. So, you will always have your own reservoir at hand, near which you can have a great time and relax. In the article, we will consider how to build a pool with your own hands.

Features and types of pools

There are many variations on the theme of pools for summer cottages or country houses. But they can be conceptually divided into several main types.

Inflatable pools. Let's start with the simplest option. Its main advantage is low cost and ease of installation. In addition, this model is mobile.

When packed and assembled, it can easily fit in the trunk of a car. And this means that you can take it with you to nature, use it for a bath, or simply install this pool in your house without any problems with your own hands.

Among the modern models of this category can be found containers of various sizes- from mini-pools for giving like children's "paddling pools" to large inflatable structures that are designed for 10 tons of water or more.

The disadvantages are primarily fragility of inflatable pools: they wear out in just a few years. And also it is impossible not to say about their vulnerability from various kinds of mechanical influences.

Frame pools

They are also fairly simple structures. Their main advantages include mobility and high speed of installation, which, in principle, is characteristic of any prefabricated structures. At the same time, they are more resistant to mechanical damage, unlike inflatable ones. However, an inflatable pool for the owners will cost much less than a frame one. At the same time, the service life of these pools, according to by and large also limited, like every mobile design.

Portable bath pools

These structures consist of a PVC cover, walls and bottom. Given the depth, they can be located simply on flat surface- depth up to 0.8 m, partially - up to 1.3 meters or completely (more than 1.6 m) go deep into the ground.

Their any form can be, but, as a rule, there is an oval, round, in the form of a figure eight. If these structures are square or rectangular, then their corners are certainly rounded.

Such pools are good because they easy to install(especially those that do not need to be deepened) and just connect. Their disadvantage is the tightness of the connecting seams. However, if you buy a swimming pool in the bath of a trusted company, then it will serve you well for many years.

Stationary pools

We must begin with the obvious shortcomings of these designs: of all varieties, they are the most expensive- in terms of not only the arrangement of the pool, but also its further maintenance.

But this is where all the shortcomings end. Since stationary outdoor pools are fundamental structure so to speak, for centuries.

Stationary pools can be with a concrete bowl or already finished. A concrete bowl allows the owner to build any pool at home, even the most bizarre form. At the same time, pool bowls made of composite materials greatly facilitate the process of arranging a pool on the site.

Gallery: swimming pool in the country (25 photos)

Choice of location and optimal size

Because it stationary pool is considered “real”, then in the future we will talk about this particular design. So, when you have decided on the type, you need to think about the size and location of the artificial reservoir itself. For the most part, the choice of location will depend on the wishes of the owner. As a rule, the pool is installed close to recreation area, near the bathhouse, behind the house. But when choosing a place, it is necessary to take into account certain factors:

Presence of nearby vegetation. It is desirable that there are no bushes, let alone trees, near the reservoir. Plants are constantly drawn to moisture, and their root system is very strong and can easily break through a concrete thicket.
Direction of the wind. Since this summer cottage pool is outdoor, there is a high probability of all kinds of garbage getting into it. In order for you not to encounter dry leaves, scraps of paper, etc. while swimming, it is better if the pool is located on a site protected from the prevailing wind direction.
Priming. A lot depends on the properties of the soil. For starters, it is desirable that the soil is clay. In this case, you will additionally receive natural waterproofing. And also during the construction of a stationary bowl, you will need to dig a pit. When the soil is rocky at the chosen place, earthworks can be very time-consuming and complicated, especially if you make a pool with your own hands in the country without the help of special equipment.

When it comes to the size of the future reservoir, in this case there are no special requirements. It will depend from your preference and free space. For example, for swimming along one track, a width of 2.5 m and a length of four meters is sufficient. When two tracks are planned, the width can be increased to 5 meters.

The optimum water depth is 1.5 meters. But in this case, it all depends on the purposes for which you build it. When you have children and the main purpose of the pool is to entertain them, you don't need to make it very deep. And vice versa, when you are a fan of diving, the depth plays an important role.

Construction stages

By and large, the process of building a pool in a country house is divided into the following stages:

As you can see, there is a lot of construction work. Moreover, any of the stages is very important, since it depends not only appearance the whole structure, but also the operating time.

Bowl creation and earthworks

Let's go directly to the main question - how to make a pool in the country with your own hands. If you have decided on the installation location and dimensions, then you can proceed to earthworks. First to the site apply markings. For what you can use a rope stretched on pegs.

Then we start earthworks. This is the most time-consuming stage during construction. You need dig a pit desired depth and size. Moreover, it must be borne in mind that the depth, length and width must be made approximately 50 cm more.

This additional space is required for formwork. When the dimensions of the design you have conceived are very impressive, then you need to think about attracting special equipment.

Then, when the pit is dug, you can start making bowl. This stage of work includes the following activities:

The walls and bottom of the pit are well rammed.
A sand cushion is being made. Why a layer of sand 25–40 cm thick is poured onto the bottom and carefully rammed.
A layer of waterproofing is applied over the entire surface of the walls and on top of the pillow at the bottom. Now on the market you can see many materials that are an excellent barrier to water. The most budgetary is the use of bituminous mass and roofing material. These materials have shown themselves well and have been used for a long time.
First, a layer of roofing material is laid over the entire surface (on the walls and bottom, while the walls must be covered with material with a margin to the very top). After that, several (preferably 4–5) layers of bituminous mass are applied.
The next step is the installation of the drain system. This must be done before formwork. How many drain holes to make and in what place depends on the shape and size of the bowl.
Then we construct the formwork, it can be made from improvised materials and proceed to pouring concrete. And be sure to use reinforcement.
The formwork is removed after the concrete mass has set.

Lighting and decoration

Then you need to finish the bowl. But first, you need additional apply a layer of waterproofing.

And also you need to close up all the cracks that have formed so that the water does not leak out and damage the bowl. To do this, you can use mastic, film or impregnating materials.

After installing the waterproofing, proceed to the finishing work. As a rule, to cover the bowl is used tile. This material can easily withstand prolonged exposure to water, is very easy to clean and has an attractive appearance.

In addition to tiles, you can also use modern material, for example, PVC film. Today, manufacturers produce a huge range of this material. It is durable and strong. On this, the construction of the pool, in fact, is completed.

In artificial reservoirs, the water becomes polluted rather quickly and can be a favorable environment for the appearance of harmful bacteria. At the same time, dust, tree branches and fallen leaves all the time get into the outdoor pool.

For small pools build a cover, which will not allow the main part of the garbage to enter. Small particles that have fallen into the pond can be easily removed with a fine mesh net. Algae that formed on the walls, cleaned with a soft bristle brush.

The water in this pool is desirable replace at least once a week. For example, use for watering the garden. To purify water in large pools, the following methods are used:

Electrophysical disinfection - the use of equipment for saturating water with silver ions and ozonizers. UV lamps can be used to filter and purify water, they disinfect water by killing mold spores and microbes.
Chemical treatment - produced with the help of special substances. As a result, the pH level is normalized and the water is disinfected. The action of chemicals prevents the appearance of algae and eliminates the smallest particles of fat.
Physical cleaning - cleaning small and large debris with a net. Constant cleaning with a water filter. Cleaning the inner surface with a vacuum cleaner and a brush.

Features of water purification in the pool

The easiest way to purify water is a water filter. There are three types of systems with different degrees of filtration. sand filter based on finely crushed quartz removes harmful microparticles up to 25 microns in size.

Cartridge filters suitable for medium-sized artificial reservoirs with a diameter of no more than five meters. These filters are equipped with a special valve for getting rid of small debris and a water purification system from harmful elements up to 15 microns in size.

Diatomaceous earth filters are highly efficient and modern systems water purification. Fossil powder, kieselguhr, mountain flour, etc. are used as a cleaning agent. These particles remove the smallest elements up to one micrometer in size.

As compositions for chemical cleaning, means are used based on active oxygen, bromine and chlorine. Chlorine compounds are quite effective, but they need to be observed in a clear dosage. If the doses are exceeded, there is a high risk of damage to the skin and poisoning.

Bromine-based preparations are safer and do not have a pronounced odor. Cleansing with active oxygen is the most convenient and at the same time completely safe for health. The drug is added to the water immediately after filling the pool, taking into account the total volume of liquid.

A pool on a personal plot or in a country house is great place to relax on hot summer days. And building it with your own hands is not very difficult. You can build a reservoir from improvised materials, but it is much more reliable to make it from concrete.

Apply markings, make calculations, dig a pit, fill the bowl and finish. This main stages of work. A little financial investment and effort, and you will have a great vacation spot for the whole family.

Own pond, which you can plunge into on a hot day, is the dream of almost every summer resident. To some, it seems impossible, but someone gets down to business and proves that nothing is impossible. To help the latter, we will tell you how to make a pool with your own hands and give step-by-step instructions for this process.

Types of pools

There are four types of pools suitable for use in the country:

inflatable. Almost everyone is familiar with them, because they have probably seen children splashing in such rubberized fonts more than once. However, now manufacturers are also producing large pools with a displacement of several tons.

Of the advantages of this type, it is worth noting the cheapness and ease of transportation (when folded, they fit in the trunk of a car), of the minuses - fragility and susceptibility to mechanical damage;

frame. Prefabricated structures, easy to install, and therefore quite transportable. They last longer inflatable models but they are also more expensive.

The assembly and dismantling of such a pool does not cause difficulties, and they are less susceptible to mechanical damage. But like any mobile structure, frame pools do not differ in durability;

propylene. They are a bowl made of polypropylene and filled with water. They are distinguished by good waterproofing, long service life and ease of installation.

Of the shortcomings, the high cost and problematic delivery should be indicated, since most often the bowl is bought ready-made;

pits. Pools poured out of concrete in a pre-dug pit. Their construction is a rather laborious process, but this pool on the site is difficult to damage, and with proper care it will last for decades.

If you undertake to build on your own, then you will succeed inexpensive swimming pool yet durable and easy to use. Making such a country pool with your own hands is difficult, but possible. How - we will tell further.

Choosing a pool location

When choosing a site for a pool, be guided by the following recommendations:

keep the pool away from trees. Their roots can damage the waterproofing and create a water leak, and the foliage will add to the work of cleaning the bowl of debris;

the groundwater level under the pool must exceed 1 meter, otherwise they may come to the surface, and together with the artificial one you will have a natural reservoir resembling a swamp;

give preference to a site with clay soil. Clay does not pass moisture well and will become additional waterproofing;

consider the wind rose. The wind brings debris, so build your pool so that you have access to a place where this debris will accumulate.

How to make a pool with your own hands?

And now the promised step-by-step instruction, how to build a garden pool with your own hands.

1. Develop a preliminary project, which should take into account the location of the pool (we wrote about it above), the shape and size of the bowl and the supply of communications (water intake and water drain).

2. Mark the boundaries. Using a tape measure, pegs and rope (twine), mark the area.

3. Dig a pit. Its length, width and depth should be about half a meter more than the design ones, the walls should have an outward slope of 5-6 °, and the bottom should be inclined to one of the sides by 5 °.

4. Level and tamp the bottom, then fill it with a 30 cm layer of sand or gravel and lay two rows of roofing material on top of bituminous mastic, thus providing waterproofing to your pool.

5. Make a formwork from a wooden beam and boards. To strengthen and strengthen the structure, use reinforcement: rods with a diameter of 4-8 mm are suitable.

6. Pour the hydroconcrete, after installing the water supply pipe and drain. If hydro concrete is not available, use cement (grade C500) mixed with sand in a ratio of 2:1. When you remove the formwork, treat the walls with cement milk, applying it with a brush.

7. Line the pool. Suitable PVC film for swimming pools, tiles, mosaics.

It remains only to improve the remaining plot, in which our article will help you "10 budget ideas to make the garden picturesque", and enjoy your vacation.

We hope that with our instructions it will not be difficult to make a pool with your own hands in the country. If you still doubt your abilities, then take on a simpler frame version of a country pond:

To paraphrase the classic, we can say that the installation of a pool in a house, in a garden plot or in a country house is not a luxury, it is a necessity.

The construction of private pools on an individual site has become a standard phenomenon, like building or.

The difference is only in the design and scale: a small pool in the bathhouse, a decorative pool in the yard as part of a landscape design composition, or a building of large sizes and volumes - indoor and outdoor pools for swimming, which are located on the street, with all related fixtures and accessories.

Briefly about the main thing - how to get a pool

You can get what you want in two ways:

First, buy a finished pool.

But before buying, consider the following:

It costs expensive;

It is impossible to buy a concrete pool ready-made. This means that you will have to pay for the project, for materials and for work. Also return VAT to the state;

Secondly - make the pool yourself.

This only at first glance seems to be a difficult task. In fact, you already have everything you need: desire, opportunity and our instructions. So, the construction of the pool should not cause difficulties.

And physical fatigue will quickly pass when you splash in the pool, which is made by yourself.

Which pool is better to choose for a summer residence - types and types

Requires special knowledge for arrangement

It is cheap, easy to carry and store, but not very practical and has an extremely short service life.

Sold as a finished bowl.

The acquisition of such a design (especially of a significant size) entails difficulties with delivery and installation, which cannot be done without special equipment (trailer, crane, excavator).

Plus, it provides for digging a pit, which is also quite problematic.

Lightweight and durable. The constructive principle is similar to the previous version. Causes difficulties during transportation and installation.

The optimal and justified option from all of the above.

Such a pool is ideal for a summer residence or a country house, where you will use it seasonally.

It can be made from concrete blocks, but it is better to fill in a monolithic one. Despite the fact that this is the most complex and costly design, its reliability and durability are beyond doubt.

Disadvantages of a concrete pool and how to eliminate them

problems with the water supply system. As a rule, they appear as a result of errors during their laying and installation of pipeline systems. With proper implementation of work, there are no difficulties;

possible water leakage. This significant problem is eliminated with the help of several layers of good waterproofing, the use of high-quality concrete and compliance with all the rules for their installation;

peeling of ceramic tiles or mosaics. Eliminated using high-quality special-purpose glue;

spread of the fungus.

The appearance of the fungus is easy to level by regular cleaning and surface treatment of the bowl with special disinfection solutions.

Regular care and the implementation of the above actions is the prevention of the formation of fungus.

Pool Building Permit

In fact, outdoor pool on the territory of the yard or plot, you can build without the consent of Rostekhnadzor.

According to article 51 (paragraph 17) of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation, objects of auxiliary use do not require a documented building permit. But there are some nuances here, it all depends on the parameters of the structure, if it is a small decorative or Children's swimming pool, then no questions asked, but if the capital structure for swimming, i.e. sufficient depth, length and width, it is better to arrange documents.

If the pool is not registered in the BTI, accordingly, it will not be in the certificate of ownership, and it will not be included in the technical passport. In the future, it will be possible to legalize, only it will cost more than registering immediately.

Building a concrete pool with your own hands - instructions

Installation work - construction of a concrete bowl for a pool

Site preparation

To do this, standard procedures are performed: clear the area of shrubs and trees, as well as cut branches that may hang over the pool. Material from the site

Earthworks - digging a pit for a pool

Of course, digging a pit can be done without the use of special equipment. But only in cases where you have a small and shallow pool, you have a lot of time, effort and helpers.

As a rule, the cost of renting an excavator and the services of diggers will be approximately the same, the difference in time.

The device of a ditch for the pool

increase the dimensions of the pit. They should be larger than the size of the future bowl. This is done in order to place technical equipment there and equip a pillow for concrete. And also for the construction of formwork.

having an angle. When digging walls, make sure that there is an angle of their deviation relative to the vertical. This method will prevent the shedding of soil into an already dug pit.

presence of drainage systems. To ensure that the water that splashes out of the pool does not turn into puddles and does not destroy the landscape design, it is necessary to provide a place for its runoff.

first of all, it is necessary to lay all hydraulic communications.

provide for the possibility of draining water.

For draining, the bottom of the pool is sloped at 5-7% (2-3 cm of slope per 1 meter of bottom), which should be directed towards the drain hole.

Pillow arrangement

(footing)

A gravel-sand cushion is needed to provide better concrete pouring. Usually it is a mixture of sand and gravel, which is well compacted. Cushion height 300-350 mm.

Bottom waterproofing

The more variants of possible leakage we take into account and prevent, the longer the service life will be. concrete pool.

Come in handy.
For an oval pool, reinforcement no thicker than 10 mm is used. This is due to the fact that rebar of this diameter is sold in coils. And, therefore, you can independently adjust its length. The step of arranging the reinforcing ruts is 200x250 mm.

For a rectangular pool, arbitrary laying of reinforcement with piping in steps of 200x200 cm is allowed.

Under the reinforcement, you need to put something, for example, a brick, so that it remains in the middle of the concrete base during the process of pouring the concrete solution.

After the installation of the armoframe, we fill the bottom of the pool with a concrete solution. When pouring, try to avoid the presence of voids filled with air - this will reduce the quality of the surface.

We are waiting for the concrete to dry and it will be possible to safely move on it.

The principle of reinforcement is identical to the previous one.

The number of tiers is determined by the height of the bowl.

Installation of formwork for the pool

As a material for the formwork device, a wooden board (painted or profiled) or, more conveniently, plywood (preferably moisture resistant or laminated) is used. The use of plywood allows you to create curved shapes with a minimum of effort, which is important when building a pool of complex or oval shape.

In order to avoid deformation of the formwork under the pressure of the weight of the concrete solution, it is recommended to install stiffeners and spacers at a distance of 500 mm. For spacers, a bar with a section of 50x50 is suitable.

Installing plywood formwork is more expensive, but the surface quality of the concrete bowl is almost perfect.

Note:
the crate for steps is mounted separately.

Pouring the walls of the pool bowl with concrete

We are waiting for the concrete to harden. At the same time, it is better to cover it with something to avoid destruction from exposure to temperature or moisture. And also periodically moisten with water.

If you do not plan to use a metal ladder, and you want to make the procedure for immersion in water smooth, you need to provide for the presence of concrete steps.

The formwork under the steps is mounted when the entire concrete bowl for the pool is already ready.

For the manufacture of formwork, it is better to use plywood, because. it allows you to create bent shapes and does not require additional stripping.

Construction of a concrete pool - video on pouring a concrete bowl

Finishing and cladding of the pool bowl

The stage involves a set of activities:

Sanding pool walls

Grouting is done manually or using a special grinder.

Waterproofing is applied with special liquid solutions, between the layers of which a reinforcing fabric (mesh) is laid.

When doing this type of work Special attention should be given:

seams between the bottom and walls of the structure;
seams that appeared when pouring concrete;
place of input of communications;
chips, gouges and cracks.

Finishing

Before this, it is important to check the quality of the waterproofing. To do this, fill the pool with water. Measure the water level. Then wait 10-12 days. And check the water level again. Changes to this parameter are a warning sign. This means that the waterproofing is of poor quality and there is a leak somewhere.

The difference between these two indicators can say a lot. For example, a slight discrepancy would indicate that the water could simply evaporate under the influence of heat.

For finishing, the following materials are usually used:

facing tiles;

mosaic;

PVC film (the cheapest option).

The choice of material for finishing is influenced by factors such as:

Ease of care;
- availability;
- ease of installation;
- price;
- the possibility of replacement;
- appearance.