Hand position for archery. Very social sport

Archery is a difficult process. To hit the target, you need full concentration of attention, correct breathing and precise movements. You will have to take into account a large number of various nuances. And if you are interested in how to shoot a bow correctly, you should read this review.

Weapon choice

Shooting training largely depends on the bow you have chosen. For a long period of time, our ancestors used this weapon in order to seek food and defend themselves from enemies and wild animals. At first, bows looked like a flexible rod or root, the ends of which were connected with veins, leather or fibers of vegetable origin. According to archaeologists, already in ancient times there were both simple and complex varieties of this weapon. The second type of bows was distinguished by increased wear resistance, durability and a higher firing range compared to simple ones. This is facilitated by the presence of a large number of blocks.

To understand how to shoot a bow correctly, you must first choose it correctly. If it turns out to bend the arc only a few millimeters, then the material is of high quality, elastic. For the training process, you will need to purchase arrows. They should not be sharp, otherwise you can easily get injured. For training, you need to find a deserted place. And if there is no desire for some archery section to do your training, you should understand that not only people, but also animals should not be on the shooting range. Otherwise, you may injure someone.

Shooting method

How exactly to shoot? The choice of method mainly depends on physical condition arrow, its weight, body structure. There are other parameters that cannot be called insignificant. If you want to figure out how to shoot a bow correctly, you must first learn a technique that resembles meditation. Its essence lies not in the exact hit or in the tension of the bowstring. First of all, you need to learn to control yourself. And it is desirable to focus on this art all the attention. Shooters who once learned to transform their own state are able to hit the target without even thinking about it.

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that it is important not only what kind of bows you use for shooting, but also what state you are in when hitting targets. Complete calm, harmony with the inner world will tell you at what point you should let go of the bowstring. Some shooters take years to achieve this state. And if you have time, you should think about this art.

The study of technology

Today there are a huge number of techniques that can be used. Which bows for shooting will be used in this case is not particularly important. In other words, you can take both standard weapons and sports ones. It all depends on your own preferences. One fairly popular technique should be described in more detail. Knowing this technique, you do not have to study in great detail how exactly the capture of arrows should take place, how to aim, etc. You will have to deal with these nuances on your own, bringing the convenience factor to the fore. First of all, it is necessary to achieve an increase in results. It is recommended to constantly improve your own skills.

Basic Rules

How to learn archery? It is necessary to stand with your left side to the target, legs apart shoulder-width apart for stability. Socks should be located on a straight line that leads to the goal. This is a side stand. The left, straightened, hand is required to take up the arsenal in the middle. It should be noted that some weapons (for example, sports weapons at this place have a special mark.

It is necessary to raise the shooting tool to shoulder level. The hand holding the weapon can interfere with shooting. Therefore, we must carefully monitor that this does not happen. Otherwise, you may be injured. The arrow must be held between two fingers - index and middle. Or rather, the place that is located between the first and second joints. By grasping the tail of the arrow in this way, you will subsequently pull back the bowstring. To ensure comfort and accuracy of shooting, it is recommended to achieve a uniform load on both fingers.

String tension and aiming

How to shoot a bow correctly? The arrow tension should be as close to the neck as possible. But you can also pull up to the chin. A similar technique would also be correct. It all depends directly on how it is more convenient for you and what results should be obtained. While holding the bow in a taut state, make sure that the forearm with the shoulder of the left hand are in line. It should also be noted that during the tension, the archer needs to pull the shoulder blades back. This allows you to minimize the work of the rest of the muscles of the body. If you have chosen a historical bow, then aiming will be carried out according to prompts from intuition. At sports This weapon has a special sight.

How to hit the target?

If you are interested in how to shoot accurately from a bow, hitting a target, you should familiarize yourself with some rules:

1. The weapon must be held confidently. Hands should not tremble. Do not change the height or slope. In such a situation, the arrow will fly anywhere, but not at the target. So if you want to get good results, you will need to devote a lot of time to training. For example, in ancient times, archers stood idle for hours, holding sticks in outstretched hands. A similar process helps to learn how to hold objects on weight.
2. When shooting, try to keep track of the position of your hands. One of the most common mistakes is not very good fixation of the left limb. An equally common oversight occurs when the archer's right hand moves behind the arrow immediately after the bowstring has been released. But you just need to unclench your fingers, leaving the brush in the same place where it was at the time of the shot.
3. Breathing should be measured. If it is too frequent, then the shot will be unsuccessful. The shooting technique implies that the bowstring should be released on a half-exhale, holding the breath slightly.
4. Every shot needs to be analyzed. For this reason, after the first salvo, you should not immediately proceed to the next. Try to mark the trajectory of the “projectile”, analyze the mistakes and draw certain conclusions so that the mistakes do not happen again.

Range selection

If the archery shooting range does not suit you, you do not want to visit special sections, you need to prepare a shooting area. To do this, it is recommended to take into account some important points:

• The selected site must be equipped. There must be only one shooting line. If there are several targets, it is desirable to place them at different distances. For example, the nearest target should be 18 meters, the farthest - 90.
• It is necessary to think about providing safe zones on the right and left sides of the shooting range. A fence or a special arrow catcher must be installed directly behind the targets. Such a precaution is necessary so as not to injure someone and not lose "ammunition".
• Ideally, targets should be larger than 122 cm in all directions.

Do not forget about safety

If you decide to learn how to shoot, purchase a weapon, prepare an archery target and a shooting range, then you should familiarize yourself with the basic safety recommendations:

1. It is necessary to shoot in specially designated places for this. Or on the platforms equipped according to all rules with protections.
2. It is desirable to shoot from the same line even if the targets are located at different distances.
3. It is recommended to place an arrow on a bowstring only at the moment when there are no people and animals between the target and the archer that can be injured due to careless and inattentive actions.
4. The tension of the bowstring should occur only from the line of fire and only in the direction of the selected target.
5. If you have already stretched the bow, you should forget about any conversations. In addition, it is forbidden to turn to the side, lose concentration. It is not recommended to call the archer.
6. You should approach the target only at the moment when the shooting was over, at the signal of the leader or the shooter himself, if you are training on your own.
7. Forget about shooting in the air, up.
8. Do not forget that the responsibility for any accident resulting from a violation of safety rules lies directly with the archer.

A little about targets

An archer needs to constantly improve, develop his skills, train. And in order for the classes to be effective, it is worth thinking about shooting targets. You can make an archery target yourself, but it’s better to think about buying a ready-made product. Today, there are a huge number of different options. There is even a division of all targets into groups. They can be curly or round. The former are unique in that they can follow the contours of a person or animals. The latter have special markings that allow you to count points. It is they who are more preferable for competitions.

Varieties of targets

As already mentioned, there are a huge number of different targets. The most popular ones should be listed:

• electronic target. It implies a shield equipped with special equipment and electronics. Such a stand works on a fairly simple principle. At the moment of hitting the “projectile”, all the necessary parameters are automatically calculated and registered. The results of each archer are summed up. For the first time such targets appeared in 1989. More advanced models designed for shooting at a moving target were developed in 2004. Such targets are quite often used in competitions.
• Paper target. It is the most optimal for those who want to figure out how to shoot a bow correctly. The main advantage is that it is easy to create it yourself. You just need to download the desired picture from the Internet, print it out and hang it on a special stand.
• Shields. If you are interested in the durability of arrows, then you should consider purchasing a shooting stand. It is the shield that will keep the “shells” in optimal condition. In addition, such an archery target is capable of withstanding multiple hits.
• Children's stands. On present stage you can find not only specialized targets for various sections and shooting ranges, but also children's options for shields. Usually it is a metal sheet on which there is a markup or a specific purpose. A children's bow should be understood as a weapon that shoots arrows on suction cups.

Target dimensions and distance

In the picture you can see a special table. It demonstrates such important concepts as the size of the target and the distance from it to the person leading the archery.

Conclusion

Now you know how to choose a bow, what a target can be, how to shoot correctly, taking into account the technique and basic safety recommendations. Try to study all the nuances, constantly improve, set new goals and objectives. And if you want to learn how to shoot a bow well, do not forget about regular training.

In addition to getting great pleasure from the process of shooting, there are many more reasons why you should start learning a bow. Here are 10 benefits of archery that will no doubt convince you to start the sport.

1. No restrictions!

Anyone can practice archery, not age, not your physical data can in any way become an obstacle to mastering archery, I will tell you more: many people with disabilities have achieved great heights in this sport!

2. Progress in physical development.

While it seems deceptively simple, in fact, the archer is under physical stress, and if at the very beginning you are offered a weak bow as a beginner, in the process of training you will quickly achieve the desired progress and be able to switch to more poundage bows, which in turn will help you develop your upper body muscles!

3. Thinking activity.

Archery is not limited to just physical development. Shooting is inextricably linked with mental activity, requiring and developing the shooter's attention, analysis of actions, calmness, concentration and mental flexibility.

4. Bow and financial component.

Archery is a very financially flexible sport. The novice archer has a choice from inexpensive traditional and classic bows to budget block systems.
However, if you want to dedicate yourself to a high sport or compete in tournaments against other shooters, then your costs may increase, and most importantly, you will need to devote more time and dedication to shooting.

5. Owning a bow is a hell of a lot of fun.

Whoever says what, but the ultimate goal of any archer is to have fun, or, if you like, enjoyment. The archer receives a charge of huge positive, seeing his progress and his potential. The archer always knows that there is an eternal rivalry between the arrow and the target, and if the archer is focused on this, and not on what is happening around, then, with this in mind, archery becomes much more fun.

6. Improves patience.

Archery is especially beneficial for young people as it teaches them the benefits of patience. Good performance in shooting, possible only with constant practice in training process, and as you know, the result is unattainable without patience and perseverance.

7. Workout all year round.

Archery can be practiced both indoors and outdoors, so the weather cannot be an obstacle to practice.

8. A very social sport.

People from many walks of life have associated themselves with archery. In competitive events, weight, height and how old you are are not important, you are initially on a par with others, and you have every chance to show yourself in all its glory. I’m not talking about the fact that there are no random people in this sport, here, either you have dedicated yourself to the bow, or not, and those who have dedicated, for the most part, are very peaceful, sociable and sociable. New interesting acquaintances and friendships are guaranteed!

9. Onions increase self-confidence.

As I said, shooting provides you with great satisfaction from the combination of mental and physical activity, while bringing the arrow a good bonus of raising self-esteem. Whatever the results of your today's training, one way or another, every archer is able to get satisfaction from the work done, realizing that he, first of all, defeats himself!

10. Teaches you to take safety seriously.

Archery can be extremely dangerous if taken carelessly. Archery instills in the archer a sense of responsibility for themselves and other participants, as well as for the equipment they use.

P.S. Leave all doubts behind, I guarantee that you will find yourself in the exciting and exciting world of ARCHERY!!

Archery - one of sports disciplines , the essence of which is to hit the target (target) with the help of this type of weapon and arrows.

The art of archery It has ancient history . The first mention of this sport dates back to the late Paleolithic or early Mesolithic era.

Archaeologists date the oldest finds VIII-IX centuries BC. This weapon was used most often for hunting and warfare.

Beginning since 1900, archery was included in the Olympic program. The winner of the competition is the one who manages to score the most points.

Fundamentals of target archery rules

Archery has its own rules.

The goal of the game for two, the number of players

Archery mission - score as many points as possible, ahead of the enemy or his team.

Important! Can fire on the same shield at the same time from one to four athletes. In team competitions, each participant releases two arrows, six in total(four arrows in mix teams) per group in a series.

And also quite often practiced such a variety as archery for two. In personal meetings, each of the participants in the competition shoots at their own target. His main task is to overtake the opponent in terms of points.

Photo 1. Archery for two. Two athletes stand next to each other and fire at the same time.

Distance

Depending on where the competition is held, different distances are set. So, according to the rules of the International Archery Federation, athletes indoors compete at distances:

1. 18 meters.
2. 30 m.
3. 50 m(for men).

On open air:

1. 30, 50, 70, 90 m for men.
2. 30, 50, 60, 70 m for women.

On Olympic Games the universal distance is used in 70 meters.

How to properly hold a bow

First of all, when shooting, you need to take the right position. Turn left side to the target, place your feet shoulder-width apart.

With your left hand, grasp the handle of the weapon approximately in the middle (usually there is a special grip on the bow itself). The hand that holds the weapon in the air checks on itself its elasticity when the bowstring is pulled. In no case do not allow the tremor of the hands, otherwise the arrow will move out, and you won't be able to fire a shot.

Reference. In the Middle Ages, future wars stood for hours with a stick and outstretched left hand, to make her strong.

The hand with which you hold the bow should not interfere with the course of the bowstring. Otherwise, the blow will either be very weak, or it will not work at all. By the way, in this case, there is a high probability of injury to the shooter. elbow joint needs to be moved aside rotational movement hands.

How to hold an arrow

An arrow is placed in a bowstring, holding it by the shank. It is necessary to ensure that the guide pen is located away from the bow. The arrow, as usual, is placed on the wrist of the hand that holds the bow.

Photo 2. The principle of holding the arrow. The projectile is held by the tail between two fingers, the bowstring is pulled with the same hand.

And there is also a technique in which the archer holds the arrow a little index finger. This allows it not to slip and is stronger in the bowstring.

Attention! Index finger for proper shooting technique should be held over the arrow, A middle and nameless place under it.

What is the maximum firing range

Thanks to the myths carefully maintained by the film industry, archery range is greatly exaggerated. You should not think that you, like the heroes from the films, will be able to shoot an arrow for several kilometers.

The main parameters that affect the firing range are the model of the weapon and the preparedness of the shooter himself. On average, a regular bow allows you to make a shot with a length up to 500 m, professional - up to 700 m.

How to play

As in any other sports game, archery implies strict rules for the actions of its participants.

In the case of a single series, the archer is given 36 arrows at each distance for both male and female athletes.

However, their number may vary depending on the series set at the competition. Duration is set in accordance with the regulations. Yes, there are:

1. York series for men: 72 arrows at 91.4 m; 48 arrows at 73.1 m; 24 booms at 54.8 m.
2. The American Series is held for all athletes, regardless of their gender: 30 arrows at 54.8; 45.7; 36.5 m.
3. Colombian series, women only: 24 arrows for each of the distances of 45.7; 36.5; 27.4 m

If we talk about the Olympic Games, they are held in two rounds - qualifying and dueling, where athletes compete in pairs. For the first stage, two series are provided, in each of which 36 arrows. In the final personal round, the player makes 12 shots for elimination.

Outdoor championships are usually held in three days, each representing a separate round: long distances qualifying round, short distances qualifying round, duel round.

At each stage, archers act in pairs. First stands under the letter "A", second - "B". If there is no opportunity to shoot at the same time, then the archers, with the permission of the referee commission, can do it in turn.

If there are three athletes in a group, then their order will look like this: AB-C, C-AB and so on.

During the team stage of the competition, the change of approaches is made in such a way that at each new line, a new pair started shooting. This allows to ensure equal position of all athletes.

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Recording results

Carried out by a special judge-counter. It is carried out in the presence of a senior judge, who controls the correctness of the recorded data.

In the individual standings, the personal result of the participant of the competition is recorded in a special form, in the group - the team result.

The athlete with the most points is the winner. Their number is determined by the judge according to the potholes on the target. The closer the player's shot is to the center, the more points he gets.

More about the rules of the competition

There are two types of championships: outdoors and indoors. The rules differ depending on the type of fight.

Photo 3. Archery competition. A lot of athletes get on one lane at once.

In competitions, players can shoot in series 3 or 6 arrows each. According to the standards of the International Federation of Archers on series of three arrows athlete can spend 2 minutes, on six- the allowable time is doubled.

The technique of archery is the basis of an accurate hit on the target. Without hard training, even the most expensive compound bow will not help you shoot accurately. And experienced hunters-archers accurately shoot even from simple in design, but difficult to operate, from straight and recurve bows.

Rack

Proper stance is the first step to accurate shooting. There are three main racks: open rack, side rack and closed rack. With a closed stance, the bowstring can injure the shoulder or arm, so it is rarely practiced.

The open stance is recommended for beginners in archery. The technique is as follows: feet shoulder width apart. The right leg is brought forward, the toes of the feet should be at an angle of 45 ° to the line of the shot. With an open stance, the target is best seen, the bowstring does not injure the hand and the hand with the bow has greater freedom of movement.

The side stance is practiced by experienced hunters. Feet shoulder width apart and in line. This position aligns the body along the line of the shot, turning the head becomes natural. So, it is more convenient to follow the target. Part of the body weight should be transferred to the left leg. This stance is also not traumatic.

grip

The next component of the archery technique is the position of the hand on the handle - the grip. It comes in three types: high, medium and low. The low grip is most comfortable for hunters. The brush experiences minimal stress. This means you can aim more accurately and longer.

It is impossible to squeeze the bow with force. He should only lean on the point between the index and thumb of the holding hand. The point of contact takes the weight of the bow when pulling. And the rest of the fingers should loosely cover the handle. If you strongly squeeze the handle of the bow with your whole palm, there will be a swing that knocks down the aim.

Arrow placement and proper bowstring tension

Having chosen a stance and grip, raise the bow in front of you and take an arrow. Put it on the bowstring without touching the shelf with plumage. Thread the bowstring into the cut of the arrow shank, then place the shaft on the shelf.

The next step is to apply the brush to the bowstring. When manually descending, use the middle, ring and index fingers. The ring and middle fingers should be under the arrow, and the index finger should be above it.

Beginners are recommended to completely capture the bowstring with the front phalanges of the fingers. Experienced hunters grab the bowstring for a clearer release with the very tips of your fingers. The bowstring must be hooked with the fingers like a hook, but not squeezed in the fingers.

It is much more convenient to use a mechanical release. For release tension, a bowstring or trigger loop is hooked under the arrow socket.

Stretching the bowstring

Holding the string, raise the bow towards the target. At the same time, raise the elbow of the working arm parallel to the ground. The shoulders and arms of the hunter should line up in a single line. Gently twist your elbow so that your hand does not fall under the bowstring. The bowstring must be pulled back evenly.

Aiming

During aiming, the pip-site reticle is aligned with the reticle and the selected target. When hunting, you need to aim quickly, since it is difficult to hold the bow in a taut state for a long time - vibration will begin. When shooting without a pip site, the crosshair moves slightly to the right or left of the string and aligns with the target.

Withdrawal of the bowstring and stretching

This The final stage shot, providing well-aimed stable shooting. The bowstring should be released in a relaxed, smooth manner. When shooting without a release, you just need to relax your fingers. When using the release, you need to smoothly press the button.

After the withdrawal of the bowstring, the body must continue the natural movement that was started during the shot. It is necessary to continue building up pressure on the bow handle in the direction of the shot and pull back the hand that held the arrow. This is stretching.

In order to properly finish the shot, it is very important to continue the “trigger” hand moving backwards when reaching. In addition, it is recommended to accompany the flight of the arrow with the eyes, even after the shot, focusing on the target.

Only exact observance of all stages will allow you to make targeted shooting. To achieve automatic movements, you will have to constantly train, regardless of hunting experience.

Archery technique is usually analyzed according to following elements: preparation, grip, capture, bow tension, release (descent), breath control, aiming.

fabrication
Leg position
Body position
grip
The position of the hand holding the bow
capture
Bow tension
Release (descent)
Breath control
Aiming

Archery - is the process of doing complex motor action, the main elements of which are the tension of the bow and the release of the bowstring. this optimal how to perform this movement. Each archer has his own shooting technique, since all people differ in physical development, body structure, body weight and other parameters. The technical elements in shooting from a sporting classic bow differ from the technique of shooting from compound bow.

MANUFACTURING.

The archer's position is determined by the position of the legs, torso, arms and head of the athlete. Consider each element of the manufacture of the archer separately.

Leg position.

The archer (right-handed) usually stands with his left side to the target. The legs, which are the support for the whole body, because shooting is carried out in a vertical position, must be straightened. The tension of the corresponding muscles creates a minimum of internal degrees of freedom for lower extremities and the lower part of the body, i.e. movements in all joints (ankle, knee, hip) should be minimal. This is prerequisite maintaining balance and reducing vibrations to ensure the immobility of the shooter-weapon system. Naturally, the overstrain of the muscles of the legs and torso is unacceptable, because. this can cause discoordination in the basic movement control system.

The feet are located approximately shoulder-width apart from each other, the socks are slightly turned to the sides. The position of the feet must be constant, not change from shot to shot. It is determined by the location of the characteristic points of the feet (anterior and posterior points of the axis passing through the middle of the heel and the middle of the big toe).

There are three main manufacturing options: open, lateral, closed.

The choice of one or another option depends on the individual characteristics of the archer. These options mainly differ in the position of the body relative to the target line, which is determined primarily by the position of the feet.

The figure shows the position of the legs in open, side and closed types of manufacture.

The most common at present is the lateral manufacture.

All three types of preparation in archery are divided into preliminary and main.

Preliminary preparation consists in performing movements that ensure the correct positioning of the feet relative to each other and the orientation of the body relative to the target line. The head is usually turned slightly towards the target. The bow is either held in the air with the left hand lowered along the body, or the lower shoulder rests on the left foot and is held with the left hand bent at the elbow joint.

The main preparation consists in performing the necessary actions for the shooter to take a position with a drawn bow up to touching certain (individual) orientation points on the face (chin, nose tip, etc.) with the bowstring.

Body position.

In the preparation of an archer, this position can be estimated by a conditional vertical axis. Depending on individual characteristics, this axis can be located strictly vertically or with a slight forward inclination. With this position of the torso, it is easier to reduce unwanted touch and pressure of the bowstring on the shooter's chest.

The position of the body must obey the main requirement - to create a biomechanical support and maintain it throughout the entire time of the shot. In this regard, the work of the muscles of the body should be as variable as possible, which requires constant training.

The position of the body is determined by the location of its characteristic points (abdomen, pelvis, as well as the axis passing through the hip joints).

Head position.

The shooter's head is turned to face the target. The muscles of the neck that hold the head upright and are involved in turning the head should not be overly tense. Otherwise, this can disrupt blood flow, lead to excessive tension in the muscles of the body and the arm that performs the bow tension, which, in turn, can cause discoordination of movements and, as a result, the occurrence of errors. The position of the head must be uniform and not change during the course of the shot, otherwise it may adversely affect the quality of aiming.

The distance between the eyes (the leading eye) and the shank of the arrow must always be constant, so the teeth must be tightly clenched. The points (point) of contact between the bowstring and the face (tip of the nose, middle of the chin, to the right of the face) must be constant.

The lower jaw should be in close contact with the upper part of the hand and fingertip, because. the hand that performs the bow tension moves along the jawbone and the same place of contact serves as a constant reference point for the correct movement of the hand.

The leading eye should be located at a certain (equal) distance from the plane of the shot so that the bowstring does not obscure the front sight.

The position of the hand holding the bow.

The left (usually) hand holding the bow is raised towards the target, straightened and located at an angle of approximately 90 ° with respect to the axis of the spinal column (the change in this angle depends on the shooting distance).

The arm should be straightened and fixed in the wrist, elbow and shoulder joints. This fixation is carried out due to the simultaneous tension of the antagonist muscles for each joint. The hand holding the bow actively resists the increasing pressure of the bow as it is drawn. The hand, forearm, and shoulder, while drawing and holding the drawn bow, must form a rigid system, together with shoulder girdle and head.

Grip.

The position of the hand is determined by the chosen method of holding the bow ( grip). To hold the bow, there are several types of grip, which differ in the location of the palm and fingers on the handle of the bow: low, medium, high.

Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. Common to all types of grip is that the bow handle is inserted into the "fork" formed by the thumb and forefinger.

With a low grip, the back of the handle rests tightly against the base of the thumb, and the side fits snugly against the muscles of the palm. The conditional axis of the wrist joint is located at an angle of 45 ° to the plane of the shot. The middle part of the hand is located approximately at an angle of 120 ° to the forearm. With a low grip, the contact area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe palm with the handle is the largest.

With an average grip, the contact area is significantly reduced due to the fact that the hand is straightened, the angle with respect to the forearm is approximately 180 ° and therefore there is almost no bend between the hand and forearm. The base of the thumb and the bottom of the palm do not touch the handle of the bow.

With a high grip, the hand is somewhat lowered in relation to the forearm, and the area of ​​​​its contact with the bow handle is even more reduced.

The position of the forearm is mainly dictated by the need to ensure the free passage of the bowstring when fired. To do this, the shoulder must be pronated in the shoulder joint so as to create a minimum of forearm surfaces protruding towards the plane of the shot. the articulation of the forearm with the shoulder must be rigid, these two links form a single whole. Due to internal forces, it is necessary to eliminate possible degrees of freedom in the elbow and wrist joints.

Right hand position.

This is the hand that makes capture, retention and release bowstrings, and also participates in bow tension.

Capture.

The archery grip is a way of holding the bowstring and can be deep or medium.

The most common is a deep grip. It is characterized by the fact that the gripping hand is perpendicular to the string (before drawing the bow). The bowstring is grasped with three (sometimes two) fingers in such a way that the load on them is as uniform as possible, and the bowstring itself is located on the extreme bend of the distal phalanges of the fingers (index, middle, ring). The rest of the fingers and palm should be as straight as possible. The thumb and little finger should be as relaxed as possible. With an average grip, the string is located approximately in the middle of the distal phalanges of the fingers. The shank of the arrow is placed between the index and middle fingers and must not touch or pinch when drawing the bow and releasing the arrow. For this purpose, an instep support is installed on the fingertip.

After the grip is completed, the left hand raises the bow, while the right hand, being in a half-bent state, holds the bowstring.

Before the start of tension, the right shoulder and forearm are located in a horizontal plane, while shoulder joint should be lowered if possible, elbow right hand slightly elevated relative to the longitudinal axis of the boom.

In the sport of compound archery, a special technical device called a release is usually used to grab and hold the bowstring.

In this case, the release, depending on the design, is either held by the fingers of the right hand (T-shaped), or fastened with a leather strap on the forearm (carpal).

Bow pull.

Moving all links of the right half of the belt upper limbs must be coordinated so that the string moves in the plane of the bow. When it is pulled, the position of the fingers on the bowstring and general position brush relative to the plane of the shot should not change.

The tension of the bow is carried out simultaneously by the muscles of the right arm and back. Initial phase the tension (first phase) of the bow is carried out mainly by the muscles of the right hand. The middle (second) and especially the final (third) phases of drawing the bow are performed mainly by contracting the back muscles, bringing the shoulder blade to the spine.

The final phase of drawing the bow is the most important. just before it begins, the hand involved in drawing the bow passes (or is fixed, depending on the type of technique) through certain points of contact located on the face (the tip of the nose and the middle of the chin or just the chin, etc.). In the event that the brush is fixed under the chin, it has some varieties depending on the position of the fingers: submandibular, maxillary, cervical.

Currently, the most widespread submandibular fixation, when the brush is under the chin, thumb and the little finger are as relaxed as possible. After fixing and refining aiming, the hand continues its movement along the jawbone due to the contraction of the muscles of the back and arm. This movement after the fixation is done is commonly called the “stretch”.

In another version of the technique, the right hand touches the face at the same points (the main thing is that these landmarks are always constant), but does not stop, and as the aiming becomes more precise, it slowly moves back along the jawbone, i.e. the effort to draw the bow does not stop.

During the final phase of drawing the bow, when the hand, under the chin, moves back along the jawbone due to the contraction of the muscles of the arm and back (the main work in this phase should fall on the muscles of the back), the arrow will come out from under the clicker, a click will be heard and release takes place. The main requirement for the final draw phase of the bow is that it must continue without stopping after the clicker click and at the moment the arrow is released.

When a compound bow is drawn, its character changes. this is due to the design features of the weapon (bow). The main effort to perform the draw develops in the initial (first) phase (70% of the draw force of the bow). In the second phase, there is a rather sharp decrease in the magnitude of the force (30% of the bow tension force). When performing the third (final) phase of drawing the bow, the muscle tension is much less than in its first phase. It is approximately 30% of the bow tension force and practically does not change as the hand approaches certain fixation points on the face.

Given these features, it is necessary to Special attention on the position and work of the hand holding the bow, because it is subject to increased requirements for maintaining a reliable emphasis on the bow both during the first and during the second phases of its tension.

It should also be noted that in sports shooting from a compound bow using an opener, the right hand in the final phase of the tension, as a rule, is located to the right of the face and touches the right cheek, and is not located under the jawbone; However, the tension of the muscles of the back and arm, performing the tension of the bow during the fixation of the hand and the descent (release) of the bowstring, should be sufficient to hold it, and even its increase should be subjectively felt. This can prevent uncontrolled relaxation of the muscles of the back and arm and the "surrender" of the right arm forward.

The movement of the trigger finger (pressing the release button or the disconnector trigger) must be smooth and autonomous so as not to cause an uncontrolled increase in tension on the muscle groups directly involved in this movement.

Release(descent).

Descent - This is the release of the bowstring from the grip. It is performed during the final phase of drawing the bow. The main requirement for release is instantaneous, simultaneous and complete relaxation of the fingers holding the bowstring. If this condition is met, the bowstring, as it were, opens completely relaxed fingers and leaves them with a minimum deviation from the plane of the shot.

The relaxation of the fingers and the release of the bowstring from the grip occurs at the click of the clicker, however, one must always remember that the tension of the bow after the click of the clicker and at the time of the release should not be interrupted.

In the case of using a release, the fingers of the hand that draws the bow and holds the bowstring are not directly involved in its release. The release in this case can be called a descent, because. depending on the design of the release, the archer presses the thumb or index finger on a special release button or trigger, which actuates the trigger to release the bowstring.

When using the release, it is possible to achieve a minimum deviation of the bowstring and bow from the plane of the shot, and due to this, the deformation of the arrow is reduced, which ultimately has a positive effect on the accuracy of fire.

Breath control.

When making a shot, the archer strives for the best stability of the "shooter-weapon" system. For this, it becomes necessary to stop breathing for the duration of its execution, i.e. exclude unwanted movements chest. Hold your breath for 10-15s. is not difficult even for an untrained person. This time is enough to complete the shot. As the bow is pulled and immediately in front of it, breathing becomes more and more shallow and the archer lingers on a natural respiratory pause, and the stop should be at a moment a little less than half an exhalation. This is the most rational and natural cessation of breathing, in which there remains a small tone of the respiratory muscles, corresponding to the general tone of the body.

The level of oxygen in the blood and its supply in the lungs is quite sufficient for the normal functioning of all body systems for 10-15 seconds. Moreover, as training progresses, the reflex threshold of the urge to inhale moves away with a decrease in oxygen in the blood.

With such a breath hold, the archer does not experience oxygen starvation, i.e. the state of hypoxia does not occur, and therefore there is no need for hyperventilation of the lungs. In the case of hyperventilation of the lungs, an undesirable phenomenon for the archer of oversaturation with blood oxygen can occur, which causes slight dizziness, uncoordination of movements and loss of stability.

Aiming.

The aiming technique consists in pointing and holding the front sight in the aiming area in the center of the target (as a rule). The front sight can be rectangular, trapezoidal, in the form of a point, round and annular. During aiming, the archer mainly sees the sight, bowstring and target. The device of the eye does not allow you to simultaneously see the aiming device, the bowstring and the target equally clearly; three disparate objects. Therefore, the eye is focused in such a way that the front sight is most clearly visible, the target is less clearly, and the bowstring is even less clearly. The bowstring can be to the right or left of the front sight, which is of no fundamental importance. The main requirement is that the bowstring should always be on the same side of the front sight and at the same distance from it.

When aiming with a classic bow, it must be remembered that the hand that performs the bow tension must touch the jawbone and slowly move back due to the contraction of the muscles of the arm and back. The mouth must be tightly closed.

These actions must be controlled, otherwise the distance between the eyes and the arrow may change, which will lead to an error in aiming.

When aiming with a compound bow, as a rule, a level is used to control the position of the bow in the horizontal plane, an optical sight and a pip-site (a special device with a small hole that is attached to the bowstring at the level of the eye involved in aiming). So we can talk about a certain combination of a diopter with optical sight. When the bow is fully drawn, the shooter's eye, the center of the hole (diopter) of the pip-site, the front sight and the aiming point are in a straight line.

The line formed by the pupil of the eye, the front sight and the aiming point is called aiming line.

target area - is the area of ​​a circle bounded by a circle centered on the aiming point. It can be more or less depending on the degree of stability of the bow position. The higher the skill level of the archer, the smaller the area of ​​\u200b\u200bfluctuation of the front sight.

The position of the head should provide the most advantageous position of the eyes. The muscles of the neck should never be overstretched, which can lead to discoordination of actions in the final phase of drawing the bow.

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