Interesting movie review "Upward movement", from my regular reader Dmitry Kondrashov

So...

About the film
(link in vk)

For as long as I can remember, I have always been indifferent to basketball.

However, the film "Move Up", based on the legendary story of the confrontation between the USSR and the USA in the final of the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich, made me radically change my attitude towards this greatest and original sports discipline, which is for many professional athletes- a real philosophy, and for a multi-million dollar army of basketball fans - a religion. Contrary to the latest "movie masterpieces" of the modern Russian film industry of a patriotic nature, such as: "Legend No. 17", a remake of the film "Crew", "Viking", etc. - this film exceeded all the wildest expectations.

"Upward movement"- indeed, one of the few Russian-made films in my memory that tells about the outstanding pages of Soviet sports, the formation of the national basketball school, a real TEAM, an unbending will to win, and most importantly, about the athlete’s desire not to become famous himself, but to glorify, first of all , his country, whose coat of arms is embossed with gold thread on his scarlet jersey.

The plot, in addition to the grandiose battle of two sports superpowers, is based on the family drama of the head coach of the USSR national basketball team Vladimir Garanzhin (the screen prototype of Vladimir Petrovich Kondrashin).

His son, Shurka, is a disabled wheelchair user who has lost the ability to walk, but there is hope for his recovery, an operation is needed, which at that time was not performed in the union, only in the West. However, there is no evidence of Kondrashin's wife in this regard (she was generally against this film).

However, the opinions of the real heroes of the film, from whom this film chronicle was written, I will give below, in addition, I will also present a number of sports facts and curious moments regarding this epoch-making battle, as well as the events that preceded it, both in Soviet and in world basketball and compare all the available episodes from life with what happened on the screen. But first things first. So, first, the cinematic component. To put his son on his feet is the main life goal of coach Garanzhin, who, of course, was great (but not flawless) played by Vladimir Mashkov (in general, it must be admitted, Mashkov is in his best traditions: “Thief”, “Liquidation”, “Motherland”, etc. . gave the picture a certain nerve, a kind of charisma, drive and, of course, drama). However, in the process of the film epic, we learn that the team in the life of a Soviet specialist means no less than his own family, or rather, a sports team and close relatives - this is one big family coach Garanzhin.

From the first frames, the picture literally captures the viewer. On the eve of the Olympics, the head coach of the USSR national basketball team is changing.

Freshly minted mentor Garanzhin ignites the team anew, revives it, through the introduction of innovative methods of training athletes, based on his many years of observations and developments, sets a new vector of development. The idea of ​​the fix is ​​to beat the founders of American basketball, who had never been defeated by that time, in the entire history of playing at the Olympic Games. An adventurous and seemingly impossible task, given the strength and power of the Stars and Stripes. Plus, the tense political situation between the two countries, due to the Cold War that has been going on for the third decade. The Soviet sports and party leadership (Garmash, Basharov, Smolyakov), predictably, is perplexed by the ambitions of the head coach, creating all sorts of obstacles and insuring himself at every step, trying to simultaneously keep a "hand on the pulse" and at the same time "lay straws for yourself » in case of a fiasco main team countries (unprecedented inspection of all team members at customs, the presence of informants in the team, and other "cultural enlightenment" of that time). But, as the people say, "the eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing."

Kirill Zaitsev as an attacking midfielder of the USSR national team, Sergei Belov

Tense, intense physical exercise alternate with thoughtful tactical exercises - Garanzhin's method in action. And the result was not long in coming, the Soviet Union basketball team wins one victory after another. First, we win the gold medals of the European Championship, the Yugoslav national team was defeated in the match for 1st place, then we go to Sao Paulo (Brazil) for the Intercontinental Basketball Cup, where we defeat the hosts of the tournament in the decisive match.

From left to right:
Georgian actor Irakli Mikava as attacking defender of the USSR national team, Zurab Sakandelidze; Russian actor Ivan Kolesnikov as USSR national team forward Alexander Belov; Georgian actor Otar Lortkipanidze as an attacking defender of the USSR national team, Mikhail Korkia (Mishiko)

Thus, the “red car” is confidently moving towards the main championship in history, where in the final, in one of the most spectacular and memorable matches of all time Olympic Movement, overthrows hitherto invincible Americans from the throne. A separate topic is, of course, the technical component of the picture, special effects, atmosphere on the screen. "Move Up" is filmed in the best traditions of modern "action games". I will share my own feelings. When there were only a few minutes left until the end of the final match, ours were still leading, but the Americans began to rapidly reduce the backlog in the score, the camera snatches out the Soviet fans on the podium and they throw a cry that is painfully familiar, dear to the heart - “puck!”, “Puck!”, In At that moment, I also wanted to jump to my feet and chant along with them ...

Kuzma Saprykin as USSR national team point guard Ivan Edeshko

And finally, the authors tried to convey the apotheosis of the film (Alexander Belov's winning throw in the last seconds of the final match with the Americans) using technical reception"Mannequin Challenge" is when within 55 seconds of gym, where the finals of the USSR-USA Olympic Games are taking place, it’s as if time stops, everyone around freezes (players, coaches, technical staff, spectators in the stands), and the camera hovers over the dome of the arena and shoots everything that happens.

In addition, the good sense of humor of its creators adds to the positive atmosphere of the film. For example, in my opinion, the fictitious episode of the “yard fight” between our guys and local basketball fans from American backyards, which happened during the tour of the USSR national team to the USA, was successfully interspersed in the general outline, as part of the head coach’s strategic idea (matches with student teams for experience of personal meetings with the founders of basketball).

A friendly match with fans of street basketball in the American slums, behind, in the center, former basketball player, and now actor Alexander Ryapolov as the center of the USSR national team, Alzhana Zharmukhamedova

Also, the Georgian wedding smiled, which, according to the director’s plan, our athletes attended in full force to support the groom and part-time teammate Mikhail Korkia (Mishiko), and at the same time train in the mountains to save sportswear and playing tone.

Georgian wedding Mishiko

Do not bypass the detective component. Touched upon the main "information bomb" of the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich - the hostage-taking in Olympic village, as well as the failed spy immigration to his relatives in the West, the obstinate Lithuanian Modest Paulauskas (Modya), who changed his mind at the last moment and remained faithful to the national team and its coach (another directorial idea).

Friendly match with the US student team, as part of the overseas tour of the USSR national team

And in conclusion, about the dramaturgy, which made the viewer really feel deeply. I saw with my own eyes that there was not a single person in the hall who would have been left indifferent by the sincere tears of gratitude of the head coach, to whom the players of the national team give their bonuses, having learned that he secretly donated all his personal savings (accumulated to his son for surgery) for treatment their terminally ill teammate. A curtain. Applause. Most have wet eyes.

Somewhere a fairy tale? Maybe. The film lacks fiction and spectacular scenes that are now so revered by the public, and young actors, at times, frankly overact. But this does not negate the main thing - the picture was a success and this is recognized by many, incl. participants of that superfinal, who seemed to be 45 years younger, having re-experienced everything that happens on the screen.

About history
(link in vk)

And now it's time to talk about what really happened.

This year marks 46 years since that momentous date for all domestic sports - the golden Olympic triumph of the Soviet Union basketball team over their counterparts from the United States of America. The founders of basketball, the Americans, for a long time in the world did not know their equals. However, at the end of the 40s of the XX century, the star of the USSR national team began to rise on the world stage. Our team was rapidly gaining momentum and soon became the strongest on the European continent.

USSR national team 1972, Sitting: (from left to right) Modestas Paulauskas (Modya), Mikhail Korkia (Mishiko), Zurab Sakandelidze, Ivan Edeshko, Sergey Belov, standing: Alzhan Zharmukhamedov, Gennady Volnov, Anatoly Polivoda, Sergey Kovalenko, Alexander Belov, Ivan Dvorny and Alexander Boloshev.

At four Olympiads in a row (from 1952 to 1964), the Soviet Union basketball team won silver, second only to the Americans. In 1959, at the World Cup in Chile, our team beat everyone, including the Americans, and in fact took first place, but did not become the winner of the world championship. The team was disqualified for refusing to play against Taiwan for political reasons.

Relations between the USSR and the PRC were of a friendly nature, and the party leadership forbade our athletes to go to the match against the island separated from China. In 1963, at the World Championships in Brazil, the USSR team took third place, while defeating the Americans - 75:74. And in 1967 in Montevideo (Uruguay), Soviet basketball players for the first time in their history became world champions. True, our team then lost to the US team - 58:59.

For many years our team was coached by Alexander Yakovlevich Gomelsky, a man-legend of national basketball, his wards respectfully called him “dad”. He actually built this wonderful sport from scratch. After the Soviet team took third place, first at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City, and then at the 1970 World Cup in Yugoslavia, Gomelsky was removed from his post as head coach for unsatisfactory results.

Honored Coach of the USSR, Alexander Yakovlevich Gomelsky ("daddy")

The preparation of the USSR national team for the 1972 Olympics in Munich was placed on the shoulders of his eternal rival in the national championship, Vladimir Petrovich Kondrashin, who, in turn, the pupils called "father".

Both coaches competed in the USSR Championship for a long time, Gomelsky coached Moscow CSKA, Kondrashin coached St. Petersburg Spartak. Under Kondrashin, the game of the national team became more diverse in tactical formations.

Master of Sports, Honored Coach of the USSR National Team, Vladimir Petrovich Kondrashin ("Father").

The atmosphere in the team returned to normal, the players, after a series of past failures, calmed down and managed to liberate themselves. The path to the dream match with the Americans lay through everyday, hard, monotonous work. The Soviet specialist tried in a new, creative way to training process, introduced a number of unique techniques ahead of time, incl. and our own invention, based on a more powerful, contact basketball (similar to overseas), in addition, an innovation with a large number of substitutions during the match was successfully implemented.

Also, under Vladimir Petrovich, he really opened up and sparkled main character final of the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich, Alexander Belov. In a word, Kondrashin managed to breathe a second life into the Soviet basketball team, the team had something to surprise its potential rivals. Unlike the director's version, the USSR team led by Kondrashin achieved its first successes in the international arena already in 1970 in Turin (Italy), winning the Universiade. Then, she won the gold medals of the 1971 European Championship in Germany, beating the Yugoslav national team in the final - 69:64.

The main start for our team - the 1972 Olympic tournament was held in Munich from August 27 to September 9. At the initial stage, the participating teams were divided into two groups of 8 teams. Teams that took 1-2 places in their groups went straight to the semi-finals of the competition. Ours reached the semi-finals from the first place in the group, having won 7 victories in 7 matches (the national teams of Senegal, the Philippines, Poland, Germany, Puerto Rico, Yugoslavia and Italy were beaten).

In the parallel group, the Americans achieved a similar result of victories in each match. September 7, in the semi-finals Olympic tournament the USSR national team beat the Cuban team not without difficulty, after the first 20 minutes the team from the Island of Freedom even led by one point, but in the second half of the match our guys managed to tip the scales in their favor, the final score was 67:61. In the other semi-final, the "stars and stripes" without special problems, in the class they defeated the Italian team - 68-38.

Final basketball tournament of the Olympic Games in Munich USSR - USA. According to the then rules, the match consisted of two halves of 20 minutes, three-pointers did not exist at that time, and it was also forbidden to score from above. In the last 3 minutes of the game, it was mandatory to cross the center line in at least 10 seconds, and there was no "zone" rule. In addition, in the event of a violation of the rules, the team that received the right to free kicks could refuse them and simply retain possession of the ball, this allowed them to play for time at the end of the match.

For the convenience of the overseas television audience, the final match began late in the evening of September 9, 1972, at 23:50 local time. Throughout the meeting, the USSR national team had an advantage, often the gap in the score reached 10 points. Without exaggeration, enchanting that evening on the floor - 10-ka team of the Soviet Union, Sergei Belov, who scored 20 points in the match! The Americans were clearly discouraged and did not expect such a agility from our basketball players. 9 minutes before the end of the match, the advantage of the USSR national team again reached 10 points.

An experienced mentor of the US national team Henry Aiba gives the instruction - "do not spare the opponent", and the Americans begin to put pressure, play aggressively, carrying out total pressure throughout the court, and a minute before the end, the advantage of the USSR national team was reduced to one point, our players were tired, they began to get nervous and be wrong. Eight seconds before the final siren, the Soviet Union team led 49:48. Our teammates passed the ball after the draw to Alexander Belov, and he, in turn, after a series of tricks and an unsuccessful attempt to throw from under the rings, gives the ball back and falls under the “block shot” of the American Tom McMillan. The interception of the Americans and ours had to be fouled in order to save the meeting, Zurab Sakandelidze “rescued out”, but Zhuglas Collins scored both free throws.

The score on the scoreboard, for the first time in the entire match, is in favor of the Americans - 49:50. At the same second, the coach of the USSR national team Vladimir Kondrashin asked for a time-out, but the judges did not notice this (or pretended to) and in the end they did not give it. Then, after a heated debate with the referee's table, our time-out was nevertheless granted. The referee stopped the meeting, there were only three seconds left to play. During a pause, Kondrashin reassures the guys: “What are you worried about? Time wagon! You can win and then lose again." And instead of Alzhan Zharmukhamedov, he releases Ivan Edeshko, recalling that he has a filigree passing technique, worked out when playing handball. After the break, Edeshko, who came on as a substitute, put the ball into the game, he passed to Paulauskas, who, in turn, passed to Alexander Belov, who was under the shield, but missed.

And at that moment the final siren sounded, joyful Americans poured onto the site and began to frantically celebrate their victory. As it turned out later, they rejoiced early ... The stopwatch was wrong. According to one version, the stopwatch was launched immediately after Ivan Edeshko's pass, and according to the rules of basketball, the time after the ball is put into play starts when the ball touches one of the players in the field, according to another version: he mixed up the buttons (the stopwatch read 50 seconds) and the final siren sounded only to stop the meeting, put right time on the stopwatch.

An interesting fact, this fool, who was lost in time, was called Joseph Blatter, the same old Sepp, who, 25 years later, will take over as president of FIFA. The altercation began again, now with the participation of representatives of both teams. Serious passions raged, the Americans refused to go out and finish the match, considering themselves winners by right.

Called them to order by the Secretary General of the International Basketball Federation, Dr. William Jones, who demanded to follow the rules of basketball. And the coach of the "stars and stripes" Henry Aiba eventually managed to persuade his wards to continue the match, incl. and the words that there was a simple formality - 3 seconds, the victory is in our pocket anyway.

William Jones

In the end, the judges managed to restore order on the site, clear it of fans and resume the game. The arbiter of the meeting handed the ball to Ivan Edeshko, in front of him, like a rock with his hands up, grew the 13th number of the US team, tall Tom McMillen. However, later, after the referee’s gesture symbolizing the wall (in fact, the referee meant that you can’t put your hands over the line of the site, thus depicting the border), the American stepped aside, taking this as a referee’s remark and freed him, thereby most, space to our player.

Without thinking twice, the point guard of the USSR national team sends a “homing” pass across the entire court under the ring to Alexander Belov, who at that moment was being held by two Americans, James Forbes and Kevin Joyce. Here is how Belov himself describes this fateful moment of the match: “There were two Americans. The tenth number is a little closer to the center than me, the fourteenth is between the front and me, closer to me. I showed a deceptive movement, then abruptly turned around and rushed to the shield. Paz was great. And he ended up under the shield all alone. I even turned around: no one was there. And I'm very careful right hand threw the ball."

Exactly. And that's it, the siren sounds about the end of the match. VICTORY, our commentator Irina Eremina exclaims loudly into the microphone! And at the same instant, beside himself with joy, the players of the USSR national team arrange a bunch of small under their ring. After the match, the Americans filed a protest. All night long, while the proceedings were going on, our players were in suspense. As a result, the protest was rejected: by three votes "against", two "for".

Curiously, one of the judges who made the decision was Hungarian by nationality. His parents died in 1956, when Soviet tanks entered Budapest, and, nevertheless, the voice of this referee was among those who advocated keeping the winning result for the USSR national team.

By the way, the Americans still consider themselves winners, not only did they refuse to receive silver medals, but also bequeathed to their descendants not to do this in any case. However, at the same time, they nevertheless recognized that Belov should have been kept tighter.

Changes in FIBA ​​Rules since SEASON 2010/11

1. The radius of the three-point arc increases from 6.25 to 6.75 m. On the flanks, the semicircle is "cut off", the distance in the corners will be 6.60 m. The dimensions of the site remain the same.

2. The shape of the three-second zone changes from a trapezoid to a rectangle.

3. A semi-circle with a radius of 1.25 m appears under the rings, inside which no offensive fouls are called.

4. In the last two minutes of the match, the throw-in after time-outs will be taken from the marks located 8.325 m from the end line.

5. If the team’s attack is interrupted by a foul that is not punishable by free kicks, or as a result of playing with the foot and more than 10 seconds have passed since the beginning of possession of the ball, then not the full 24 seconds are given for a second attack, as before, but only 14. Recall that the same The rule applies to the NBA.

6. For the first time in FIBA ​​rules, the minimum time for which a player can catch an out-of-bounds pass and perform a "traditional" field goal is 0.3 seconds. If there is less time left on the scoreboard, then the only legal way to score is with a “volleyball” finish or a one-jump overhead shot.

7. The referees are allowed to watch video replays in the last seconds of the periods to determine not only whether the player managed to score the ball or not, but also to assess the "cost" of the shot - two-point or three-point.

8. When a team is automatically withdrawn from the tournament for two technical defeats, all the results of its previous matches are cancelled. Previously, these results were valid.

Initially, the rules of the game of basketball were formulated by James Naismith and consisted of 13 points. The first international rules of the game (FIBA rules) were adopted in 1932 at the first FIBA ​​congress, the last changes were made in 2004. The rules have not changed since 2004.

Basketball is played by two teams of twelve people each, with five players from each team on the court at the same time. The goal of each team is to get the ball into the opponent's basket and prevent the other team from taking possession of the ball and putting it into their own team's basket. The game lasts four quarters of 10 minutes of pure time each (quarters of 12 minutes are played in the NBA).

The ball is played only with the hands. Don't: Run with the ball without hitting it on the floor, intentionally kicking it, blocking it with any part of the leg, or punching it. Accidental contact or touching the ball with the foot is not a violation of the rules.

The winner in basketball is the team with the most points at the end of playing time. If the score is equal after the end of the main time of the match, overtime is assigned (five minutes of extra time), if the score is equal at the end of it, the second, third, etc. are assigned, until the winner of the match is revealed.

For one hit of the ball into the ring, a different number of points can be counted:

1 point for each accurate throw free throw

2 points for shooting within the three-point line

3 points per shot from behind the 3-point line

The game officially begins with a drop ball (center teams jump and throw the ball to partners in the center circle). The match consists of four quarters of ten minutes each with breaks of two minutes between quarters. The duration of the break between the second and third quarters of the game is fifteen minutes. After a long break, the teams change baskets.

The size of the platform is 26x14 m. The shield is 180x120 cm in size. From the lower edge of the shield to the floor is 275 cm. The basket is a ring covered with mesh forming a basket without a bottom. It is fixed at a height of 3.05 m from the floor. Basically, for playing basketball, balls of sizes No. 5, No. 6, No. 7 are used.

Basketball infractions

Violation is not following the rules. The punishment is the transfer of possession of the ball to the opposing team and throwing it in from behind the line limiting the playing space (front line - behind the backboard, side line - along the edges of the court), performed by one of the players of the opposing team.

Types of violations:

out - the ball has left the playing area;

run - the player in control of the ball took more than 2 steps with the ball in his hands or took a step with his "support" foot.

Dribbling offenses involving dribbling (the player's hand is under the ball while dribbling) and double dribbling (a player has the right to move around the court while dribbling, having finished it by taking the ball in his hands - he cannot start dribbling again)

three seconds an offensive player is in the free throw zone for more than three seconds when his team is in possession of the ball in the offensive zone;

The team has eight seconds to get the ball out of the defense zone into the attack zone.

The team has 24 seconds to shoot the ring, if during this time the ball does not touch the basket, it goes to the opposing team.

The player cannot hold the ball in his hands for more than five seconds.

Zone rule - the team in possession of the ball in the offensive zone cannot transfer it to the defensive zone.

fouls in basketball

A foul is an infraction of the rules caused by physical contact or unsportsmanlike conduct by players.

Foul types:

personal;

technical;

non-athletic;

disqualifying.

A player who has received 5 fouls in a match has no right to continue the game (while he can remain on the bench). The player who receives a disqualifying foul must leave the court (the player is not allowed to remain on the bench).

The coach is disqualified if he commits 2 technical fouls;

Each foul counts for team fouls, except for a technical foul received by a coach, team official or bench player.

Personal foul - a foul due to physical contact.

Punishment:

If the foul is committed on a player who is not in the throwing stage, then:

if the team does not score 4 team fouls or the foul is committed by the player whose team was in possession of the ball, the affected team shall take a throw-in;

otherwise, the injured player takes 2 free throws;

If the foul is committed on a player who was in the throwing phase and

if the ball was driven into the ring, it counts and the injured player takes 1 free kick;

if the ball is not pocketed, then the injured player takes as many free throws as the team would have earned if the shot was successful.

An unsportsmanlike foul is a foul in which a player intentionally played outside the rules.

Punishment:

If a foul is committed on a player who was in the shooting stage and if the ball was pocketed into the ring, it counts and the injured player takes 1 free throw possession of the ball remains with the team taking the free throws. The ball is thrown from the center line;

if the ball is not pocketed, then the injured player takes as many free throws as the team would have earned if the shot was successful. Possession of the ball remains with the team taking the free throws. The ball is thrown in from the center line. The second unsportsmanlike foul against the same player within the same game is disqualifying.

A disqualifying foul is a foul for unsportsmanlike conduct. A disqualifying foul can be received by a player, substitute or team coach.

Punishment:

The number of free throws and the throw-in after them are awarded in the same way as for an unsportsmanlike foul.

Technical foul - a foul for violations related to the display of disrespect for the referees, the opponent, the delay of the game or those of a procedural nature.

Punishment:

2 free throws. After the throws have been made, the ball is put into play in the same way as an unsportsmanlike foul.

If nothing extraordinary happens, then for one attack the team can score from 1 to 4 points.

A simple hit from within the three-point zone is worth 2 points, from behind the arc - 3.

If the ball did not hit the ring, but the referee appointed free throws, then 1 point is given for each hit from the free throw line, and if only 1 free throw is thrown, then the team is content with 1 point.

The most interesting option for the attacking team is to score the ball, despite the violation of the rules by the opponent. Then the abandoned ball is counted (not always, more on that in the section on fouls and their penalties), and the player is entitled to one bonus free kick.

Ideally, a three-pointer with a foul can be thrown, and then another bonus free throw, which will give the team 3 + 1 = 4 points for one attack.

How can you score points over and over again without giving the ball to the opponent at all?

Purely theoretically, the attack of one of the teams can only end with a siren about the end of the quarter. To do this, you need to act according to the following algorithm: the opponent's foul on free throws - the last of the free throws is thrown into the arch of the ring - the ball is rebounded, a new attack begins - the opponent's foul on free throws - etc.

Sometimes this happens. But even 2 times in a row is extremely rare, not to mention a long game segment, because the defending team has an advantage in the fight for the rebound after a free throw. Please contact next time attention to how the players of the two teams are located during the execution of free throws.

Why is the goal scored after a foul sometimes credited and sometimes not?

"Delayed penalty" in basketball has much less depth in time than in football, where the whistle can blow even 20 seconds after the violation.

But if at the time of the violation the player has already started moving to attack the ring, then he is given the opportunity to complete this attacking action, despite the foul. Previously, the started movement of the hands to throw the ball was considered such an attacking action, now the episode is also interpreted in favor of the attacking player when he still takes steps on the ring without leading, preceding the throw.

In other cases, "deferred penalty" does not work, and scored ball after the violation is not counted.

There is also a difference from football in the disciplinary interpretation of “hitting on goal after the whistle”. In football, this is a yellow card, in basketball, such a throw on the basket is not punishable in any way, and players are happy to take the opportunity to once again correct their aim with a throw after the whistle.

Fouls "punching" and "non-piercing"

Why, after some exactly the same fouls, the ball is either put into play from behind the court line, then given away for a free throw?

If the foul was called before the attacking player had yet begun to attack the ring, then such a violation is not punished with a free throw, the offending side simply takes the ball out of the line.

However, in addition to the fact that the player who violated the rules receives a "personal remark" at the same time, the entire offending team is punished with a "team remark" mark.

Teams start each quarter with a zero in this column. But as soon as the team scores the 5th team foul, then by the end of the quarter, each of its violations in defense begins to be punished with free throws.

If you watch a television broadcast, then in competent credits this state of the team will be marked, for example, with a red dash under the team name, or a red number 5 next to the team name.

And the announcer in the arena, as a rule, will make an announcement: "Team has such and such 4 team remarks", warning that the next foul will be penetrating.

The exception is an offensive foul. A foul committed by a team during their attack is not punishable by a free throw, even if there is already a team foul. But such a foul is also included in the statistics of team violations.

Why is a foul after a throw also a foul?

When playing with amateurs, even with guys who are quite strong by amateur standards, you can very often hear indignantly bewildered: “ What are you like a grandmother? I hit you on the hands after your throw, you yourself missed! «

In fact, in such a situation, the attacker missed not only through his own fault.

For a correct defensive action, the defender must position himself in advance in the immediate vicinity of the throwing player, strictly on the line between the throwing player and the ring, and also raise both hands vertically upwards, optionally, you can also jump straight up from two legs, without putting forward either hands or legs. This is the correct defense: there is no violation of the rules, and the attacker received the maximum complication of his throw.

If the defender does not have time to reach his throwing player, he tries to perform these elements on the move, usually waving his arms in the direction of the throwing player, and then he creates an additional obstacle for him already in violation of the rules, since he undeservedly reduces the time available to the thrower to prepare for the throw. The ball flew towards the ring worse than it could, the defender with his own hands beats (or even just touches!) the hands (and sometimes feet - legs) of the thrower - that's all, this is a foul. The foul is absolutely deserved and punchy. And if the ball hit the basket, it will be counted, and a bonus free kick will be issued in addition.

Why do free throws hit even those who do not know how to do it at all?

There is such physiological feature for "big" players - sometimes they have difficulty shooting from an average distance, their percentage of hits in the game from the free throw line can be simply indecent - in the region of 50%.

However, you cannot pass the ball to a more accurate partner. It is the player who is fouled who must shoot, unless he is injured. I don't remember cases when teams would use simulation of an injury to replace a player on the penalty line: most likely, such simulation would be too obvious.

This feature is sometimes abused by the defending team, deliberately committing fouls on those players who obviously perform bad free throws. Counter weapons - throw the same free kicks for sure, inevitably punishing for fouls. Well, no one bothers to use the same technique under his ring.

3, 5, 8, 14, 24 seconds

In basketball, a strict time limit is imposed on a number of actions.

The 3 second rule

According to this rule, a player cannot be in the opponent's three-second zone ("paint") for more than 3 seconds in a row, unless he makes a ring attack. In practice, it looks like this: the player went into the "paint", offered himself to receive the ball, did not receive the ball - left.

If at this time the partners performed a throw on the ring, and the ball touched the bow, then 3 seconds are counted again, you can not leave the “paint”, but join the fight for the rebound, win it, and attack the ring again.

For a chic example of an army multiple attack with a permissible excess of the three-second limit, see 1:05 of the attached video - was in the three-second zone for more than 6 seconds in a row. In this video there is something to get aesthetic pleasure from!

It can also be noted that the judges count 3 seconds on their own and work out this rule intuitively.

The 5 second rule

The player, having received the ball from the referee to put it into play, is obliged to put it into play within 5 seconds.

Not such an easy task as it seems at first glance. There are 4 partners on the court against 5 opponents, who, if desired, can hold the pass receivers very tightly. Partners must actively move, sharply change directions in order to break away from tight guarding and open up for a pass. Sometimes the partner simply comes close to the ball that is taking it out of the line and takes it from the hands. However, even here you need to be very careful - the ball must fly at least a centimeter from hand to hand, otherwise it will be considered out of play.

Most likely, it is with this rule that the monstrously egregious episode is connected, when, at the key minutes of the Madrid semi-final, he “introduced” the ball with an accurate throw from behind the sideline around the ring. The shot, of course, was not counted, the ball was handed over to Olympiacos to enter the game, again from behind the line, but it was still better than putting the ball into the game with a sawn-off shotgun into the opponent’s hands. Another thing is that in this situation it was definitely necessary to stand and wait, could one of the partners suddenly be released? The referee could well forgive the extra 2-3 seconds, and in extreme cases, just whistle and pass the ball to the opponent to put it into play.

The 8 second rule

The ball must be transferred from own half of the field to the opponent's zone in the first 8 seconds of possession.

This rule is violated very rarely, in 99.9% of cases - under hard pressure.

As we said, the player with the ball always has an advantage over the opposing player, and therefore getting the ball to the other half is quite a feasible task. Another thing is that the attack development option may not turn out to be the best, and 8 seconds eaten from the time allotted for the attack will also affect its development.

The 24 second rule

24 seconds to organize a ring attack. Attack or give the ball to your opponent! In favor of the attacking team, the right to at least release the ball from the hands before the end of the attack time works, the ball can fly to the ring for additional seconds that are not included in the control count (the same, by the way, applies to the end of the quarter).

A wonderful rule that saves spectators from watching a dull overpass of the ball for a few minutes!

Do not have time - the siren will sound, and the game will stop.

Of course, the countdown to the end of the attack is extremely important. Players and spectators can see several scoreboards with this countdown at once. At least - above the shields. Often - also in the corners of the site. And for viewers, this countdown is also necessarily conducted in the credits of the game account.

At the same time, it happens that the siren sounding about the end of the possession time does not stop the game if it is obvious to everyone that the game can be continued, i.e. in the following cases:

1) if the ball itself falls into the hands of an opponent;

2) if the ball reaches the ring and hits the temple(If the ball was released before the expiration of 24 seconds and landed on the bow of the ring, then this is not considered a violation of the 24 seconds rule. The attack is considered complete, and the ball becomes "drawn" until someone picks it up).

The 14 second rule

To make the game even more dynamic, the 14 second rule was invented. Prior to the introduction of this rule, one attack without a throw on the ring could drag on much longer than 24 seconds in the game in two cases:

1) if a defending player deliberately kicked the ball;

2) if the defending player committed a "non-punching" foul.

In these situations, the attacking team throws in the ball from behind the field line, and the attack time counter was previously set back to 24 seconds. It was quite a serious punishment for the delinquent defense.

In principle, the element of such punishment has remained even now, only 24 seconds have been replaced by 14 seconds. At the same time, if there were more than 14 seconds left until the end of the possession, then, of course, the remaining attack time would not be reduced. But they will not add up to 24x, as it was before.

Well, the latest innovation was the 14-second limitation of the re-attack, that is, the attack after picking up the ball that bounced off the bow of the ring on someone else's shield.

Why is the ball sometimes counted, even if it did not hit the basket at all?

The height and jump of almost every professional player on the court, without exception, allows them to reach the space above the ring, which would allow any player to brilliantly cope with the function of “goalkeeper”, and it would be impossible to shoot the ball into the basket.

Therefore, the rule applies: a thrown ball can only be touched on its upward trajectory (in practice, only immediately after the ball has left the hands of the thrower). If the ball is already falling into the ring, or if the ball has already touched the backboard, then you cannot touch it: a hit will be counted. Again, the defenders can play on the falling ball either below the level of the ring, or only after it bounces off the bow.

Well, or the ball should fall very, very clearly past the shield, ring, etc.

The dramatic denouement of the final match of the basketball tournament of the 1972 Olympics between the teams of the USSR and the USA, known as the "three seconds of Munich", entered the history of world sports forever. American basketball players, who believe that they were unfairly deprived of gold medals, not only refused to receive silver medals, but even bequeathed to their descendants not to do so.

The historical three seconds that TV shows, books and films devote to have had a prehistory, knowing which one cannot agree that the outcome of the match in Munich is unfair. On the contrary, if the USSR national team lost this meeting, it would be the greatest injustice.

In the final of the 1952 Olympics, the USSR team lost to the Americans. Photo: Public Domain

catch up with america

The founders of basketball, the Americans, were unmatched on the world stage for decades. It's not about professionals from the NBA - at the world championships and Olympic Games confidently won the US team, made up of amateurs.

However, in the late 1940s, the USSR national team appeared on the world stage. Soviet basketball players very quickly became the strongest on the European continent, and gradually began to get closer to the Americans.

At four consecutive Olympics from 1952 to 1964, the USSR team won silver medals, second only to the US team.

But if it was not possible to defeat the Americans at the Olympics, then at the World Championships the situation was different.

First victories

In 1959, the USSR national team beat everyone, including the Americans, but did not become the champion. The team was disqualified for refusing to meet with the Taiwanese team. Since at that time the USSR had friendly relations with the PRC, then Soviet athletes was ordered not to go to the match against the team of the island that separated from China.

In 1963, the USSR national team took third place at the World Championships, but at the same time defeated the Americans - 75:74.

And in 1967, Soviet basketball players became world champions for the first time. True, ours then lost the meeting with the USA - 58:59.

USSR national basketball team, 1967. From right to left: team captain Gennady Volnov, Yuri Selikhov, Zurab Sakandelidze, Alexander Travin, Sergei Belov, Modestas Paulauskas, Gennady Chechura, Priit Thompson, Jaak Lipso, Anatoly Polivoda, Rudolf Nesterov, Vladimir Andreev. Photo: RIA Novosti / Yuri Somov

"Father" instead of "Daddy"

Coached the USSR national team Alexander Gomelsky, a legendary man who bore the respectful nickname "Papa". In addition to the national team, he headed the CSKA club, one of the strongest teams not only the Soviet Union, but also Europe.

The principal rival of Gomelsky was the mentor of the Leningrad "Spartak" Vladimir Kondrashin, whom the players called "Father". After the USSR national team took third place, first at the 1968 Olympics and then at the 1970 World Cup, Gomelsky was removed from the post of head coach - then such results were considered a failure in the Soviet Union.

He entrusted Vladimir Kondrashin with preparing the national team for the 1972 Olympics in Munich.

The Americans at the Olympics remained invincible, but, as already mentioned, at other tournaments, Soviet basketball players had already managed to feel the taste of victory over the Yankees. Therefore, our people knew that it was possible to defeat them.

Vladimir Kondrashin with the players of the USSR national team. International Tournament basketball, 1970. Photo: RIA Novosti / Boris Kaufman

Road to the final

The 1972 Olympic Games in Munich were held from August 27 to September 9. At the first stage, the teams were divided into two groups of 8 teams. To reach the semi-finals, it was necessary to take one of the first two places.

Kondrashin's team coped with this task brilliantly, scoring 7 victories in 7 matches - over Senegal, the Philippines, Poland, Germany, Puerto Rico, Yugoslavia and Italy.

In the other group, 7 victories in 7 matches were won by the Americans.

The semi-finals took place on 7 September. The Cuban team patted the nerves of the USSR national team from the heart - after the first half, the guys from the Island of Freedom even led with a one-point advantage. As a result, the Soviet team still prevailed, but with a slight margin - 67:61.

For the Americans, on the contrary, everything turned out easily in the match with Italy - 68:38. Fans and experts were impressed by the game of the US team, so before the final, preference was given to the "stars and stripes".

Unstoppable Sergey Belov

The final match began at 23:50 local time on September 9th. The late start of the game was due to the desire to provide a more convenient time for the game to be shown in North America.

For young American basketball players, winning Olympic gold was supposed to be a springboard to a career in the NBA. But very soon it became clear that there were serious problems with the springboard. The USSR national team defended very well and attacked even better. The Americans constantly lost a few points. The teams went to the break with the score 26:21.

Experienced American Mentor Henry Aiba For a long time he could not find justice for Kondrashin's team. The attacking defender was especially raging Sergey Belov, who scored 20 points in this match.

Basketball player Sergei Belov, 1970. Photo: RIA Novosti / Fred Greenberg

Mr. Aiba plays hard

Nine minutes before the end of the meeting, the USSR national team led with a difference of 10 points. But then ours, as they say, “floated”. Aiba ordered the Americans to play hard pressure, and under pressure, Soviet basketball players began to make mistakes more and more often. In addition, there were several misses from the penalty line. The advantage of the USSR national team in the last minute was reduced to one point.

It is important to know here that the rules of 1972 were very different from the modern ones. For example, in the event of a violation of the rules, the team that received the right to free kicks could refuse them and simply retain possession of the ball. This allowed us to play for time at the end of the meeting. In addition, there were no three-point shots then.

Alexander Belov. 1971 Photo: RIA Novosti / Rudolf Kucherov

“I really wanted to hit Alexander Belov”

The last seconds of the meeting were running out, the USSR national team led with a score of 49:48. “At the end of the match, I really wanted to hit Belova Alexandra...", - then the hero of the match Sergey Belov will say.

Why did Belov take up arms against Belov?

The fact is that 8 seconds before the end of the meeting, Alexander Belov got the ball. Both the Americans and ours agreed - Alexander could just hold the ball for five seconds, as the rules allowed. The ball would then follow, but the Americans would have less than three seconds to attack, and minimal chances of success. There was another option - to pass to Sergei Belov, who was four meters away and was not blocked by the Americans.

But Alexander Belov passed Zurabu Sakandelidze, and the ball intercepted nimble Doug Collins.

All that Sakandelidze could do was catch up with the American and foul him, preventing him from earning a quick two points. But Collins was accurate twice from the penalty line, and the US team took the lead for the first time in the match - 50:49.

“What are you worried about? Time is a wagon!

But this was not the denouement of the drama, but only its beginning.

There were only three seconds left. The referee gave the ball Alzhan Zharmukhamedov, then introduced him into the game with a pass to Sergei Belov, but the game was immediately stopped. The Soviet delegation sorted things out with the referee's table. The fact is that during the execution of free throws by the Americans, the USSR national team requested a time-out, but in the noise of the stands, the judges did not understand the situation.

After a heated debate, a time-out was nevertheless granted. Kondrashin removes Zharmukhamedov from the field, and releases Ivan Edeshko, who possessed amazing passing technique.

“I literally said this: “What are you worried about? Time wagon! You can win and then lose again." I, honestly, with a pass at first hoped for Modya ( Paulauskas). And then I remembered: in Druskininkai, the guys often played handball, and Vanya (Edeshko) had such an overwhelming blow, ”recalled Vladimir Kondrashin.

Muddler Joseph Blatter

After a time-out, the referee handed the ball to Edeshko, who, under pressure from the American, passed to Modestas Paulauskas. Modestas, in turn, passed to Alexander Belov, who was under the shield of the Americans, but missed. The final siren sounded, and the happy players and coaches of Team USA began to celebrate.

As it turned out, early. Basketball rules say that the time after the ball is put into play starts when the ball has touched one of the players in the field. And in this case, the timekeeper started the time right after Ivan Edeshko's pass.

Clutzer - the timekeeper's name was Joseph Blatter. A quarter of a century after the Munich Games, he will become the president of FIFA.

But then, in 1972, Blatter's mistake gave the USSR national team another chance. True, the Americans did not want to enter the field, believing that the match was over. But the experienced Henry Aiba put things in order, believing that it was just a formality.

“I even turned around: there was no one”

When the ball was put into play for the third time, the Americans made a fatal mistake. No one began to interfere with Ivan Edeshko to put the ball into play, everyone focused on guardianship of other Soviet basketball players.

Under the ring, two Americans took care of Alexander Belov. Despite this, Edeshko sent his “homing” pass to Belov across the entire field.

Here is how Alexander himself described what happened next: “There were two Americans. The tenth number is a little closer to the center than me, the fourteenth is between the front and me, closer to me. I showed a deceptive movement, then abruptly turned around and rushed to the shield. Paz was great. And he ended up under the shield all alone. I even turned around: no one was there. And I threw the ball very carefully with my right hand.”

The video shows that the Americans, having reacted to Belov's feint, as basketball players say, "flew to the buffet." Alexander just had not to miss from under the ring.

The final siren sounded at the score of 51:50 in favor of the USSR national team.

“And the national team of the Soviet Union scores the ball! Victory! ”, - the cry of commentator Nina Eremina went down in history as well as the throw of Alexander Belov himself.

Three against two

The game ended there, but the Americans did not like it. A protest was filed - the US representatives believed that the judges and the Soviet representatives had broken the rules in the end. The Americans demanded a replay.

"Replay" after 16 years, the Americans lost to Gomel and Sabonis

After 45 years, Americans refuse to admit they have lost.

A "replay" at the 1976 Olympics did not take place. The USSR national team, again led by Kondrashin, lost in the semifinals to the Yugoslav team - 84:89, and in the end remained only third, and the Americans, having defeated the Yugoslavs in the final, regained their Olympic gold.

The Americans will have a chance to get even with the USSR national team for Munich only in the semi-finals of the 1988 Olympics. The Soviet team this time will be led by Alexander Gomelsky. But the USSR national team, in which he will be the soloist Arvydas Sabonis, will again prevail - 82:76. Having defeated Yugoslavia in the final, Soviet basketball players for the second and last time will become Olympic champions.