Freezing and canning fishing trawler (supertrawler) of the “Moonzund. Freezing and canning fishing trawler (supertrawler) of the Moonsund type Description of the fire-fighting systems of the Atlantic 488 project

Fishing trawler freezing and canning (super trawler) of Moonzund type
Atlantic 488 project

Trawler "Ester" in the port of Gdansk.
Vessel class and type
	"Volkswerft VEB", .
Commissioned
Status	exploited
Main characteristics
	9260
Length	120.47 m
Width	19.02 m
Height	12.22 m
	6.63 m
Engines	. 2 diesel engines . 2 auxiliary diesel generators . emergency diesel generator
	. 2 x 3600 main engines . 2 x 1200 hp auxiliary diesel generators . 200 HP emergency diesel generator
mover	1 adjustable step
	15,06
	96 days
	115 people

Fishing trawlers, freezing and canning type "Moonzund"(Project Atlantic 488) - a series of fishing boats built between 1986 and 1993 at the shipyard "" in,. By their own technical specifications belong to the category of supertrawlers. Between 1986 and 1993, 37 trawlers of this type were built in Germany.

They were intended for fishing with the help of bottom and mid-water fishing in the oceanic fishing zone, processing fish into frozen products (60 tons per day), with the possibility of storing or transferring it to transport refrigerators and coastal reception points. The trawlers also housed production lines for the production of canned fish (25,000 cans per day), semi-finished medical oil from fish liver (4 per day, depending on the quality of raw materials), feed fishmeal and technical oil (50-60 tons per day, per depending on the quality of raw materials).

And located in it, as well as household and part of the industrial premises are located in the bow of the hull. placed in its central part. On the working deck, starting behind the superstructure, there are two warp winches with drums for warps (steel cables carrying the trawl), two U-shaped metal portals, with auxiliary ones. An additional portal is available in the bow of the hull, in front of the superstructure. On the portals there are 8 cargo booms, each with a carrying capacity of 5 tons. There is a slipway in the stern of the trawler (a special inclined section of the deck along which the trawl is lowered and raised).

The ships have two refrigerated holds with a volume of 2705 each, with a cooling temperature of -28. Premises for the storage of canned fish (749 cubic meters), fishmeal (495.2 cubic meters) and tanks for fish oil with a total volume of 67 cubic meters.

Moonsund-type supertrawlers can operate autonomously at sea for up to 96 days. At present, several vessels of this class are operated by OJSC Murmansk Trawl Fleet, fishing enterprises in the Far East. More than half of the built trawlers of this type operate under foreign flags.

The fleet's need for ship repair is determined by the quantitative and qualitative composition of the fleet (the number of ships various types and purposes, their displacement, the nature of the technical equipment, the average age of the vessels), the characteristics of operation, the intensity of material and obsolescence technical means.

The efficiency of ship operation is reduced as a result of time losses caused by various downtimes, including downtimes necessary to eliminate defects. A set of measures aimed at ensuring the accident-free use of ships and reducing downtime caused by various malfunctions is commonly called technical operation. Technical operation consists in the direct use of equipment, its maintenance and repair.

Competent use of equipment by the ship's crew in the process of watchkeeping service is the key to reliable and economical operation of the vessel. Improving the technical use is to determine the optimal modes of operation of the materiel, improve the methods of daily control and establish the most rational forms of organization of the watch service. The purpose of maintenance during the period of operation is the performance of work to maintain the material part of the vessel within acceptable limits. It is carried out by the ship's crew with the involvement without maintenance.

Main indicators technical operation are: the duration of the operational period of the vessel, idle ratios, technical speed, crew productivity and the cost of transportation.

The main condition for the efficient operation and repair of a vessel is the establishment of its optimal overhaul periods based on the study of actual wear and tear limits for parts, hull structures, pipelines, electric cables, etc. The criterion determining the need for scheduled preventive maintenance of equipment, machinery, parts and the ship as a whole is not its complete wear, but the normalized maximum allowable. The overhaul periods of ship technical facilities are established based on the technically justified wear of their elements and the economic feasibility of repair, with the obligatory consideration of the actual operating conditions.

Figure 1.1 - General form RTMK-s "Moonzund"

The vessel has an unlimited navigation area and is intended for fishing by bottom and pelagic trawls in remote areas of the World Ocean in conditions of autonomous or expeditionary fishing, freezing of processed or uncut fish, processing of non-food by-catch and fish processing waste into fodder meal and "technical fat", production of canned fish and semi-finished medical fat, storage of products, delivery to transport ships or transportation of products to the port.

The ship complies with the requirements of the safety convention fishing boats(1977), International Convention on Load Lines (1966), International Convention on Marine Pollution (1973). The vessel also complies with the requirements of the Sanitary Rules for Sea Vessels (1964) and the Safety Rules for the Vessels of the Fishing Industry Fleet (1973).

1.2 General data

Project: Atlantic -488;

Marine Register class: KM ML1 1 A2 (fishing);

Plant-builder: "Volkswerft", Stralsund, GDR;

Year built: 1986

Essential elements:

Length, m:
the largest	120,7
between perpendiculars
Maximum width, m	19,02
Board height, m:
to the main deck	9,20
up to the upper deck	12,22
Draft, m:
empty
nose	4,46
stern	5,24
in cargo
nose	6,63
stern	6,63
the largest stern	6,65
Displacement, t:
empty
the greatest
Deadweight, t
Vessel capacity:
gross
clean
Carrying capacity, t	2047,7
Speed, knots	15.06 (at N=5035 kW, Δ=9166 t)
Fuel autonomy, days
Number of beds

1.3 Cargo spaces

Table 1.1 - Cargo spaces

1.7 Ballast, t:

1.8.2 Anchor

1.8.3 Steering

1.8.4 Mooring and towing

1.9 Fishing equipment

1.9.1 Fishing gear: bottom and pelagic trawl.

1.9.2 Mechanisms

Table 1.2 - Fishing winches (type of drive - electric)

Winch	brand	If-	Traction	Speed	Length	Diameter
		quality,	an effort	election,	rope	rope,
		PC.		m/min	m	m
Vaernaya	JTKW480		200(2)
Cable-
network	2JNW14		100(10)
exhaust	JHW160		160(16)	33,6
For
drying	5HW100		105(10,5)	40,2
trawl
For
pourings	5HW100		105(10,5)	40,2
catch
For
storage	JKSW37		18,7(1,9)	43,2
warp
For
reset	31,65		29,4(3)	37,2
trawl in
water

1.10 Life-saving appliances

1.11 Power plant

Type	Diesel gear
Main engine:
Type, brand	Diesel, 6VDS 42/48 AL-2
	2 x 2650
	8,55 (500)
Auxiliary engines:
Type, brand	Diesel, 8VD 26/20 AL-2
Quantity x power, kW	2 x 890
· speed, s-1 (rpm)	16,67 (1000)
Emergency engines:
Type, brand	Diesel, 8NVD 26.20
Quantity x power, kW	1 x 147
rotation frequency, s -1 (rpm)	12,5 (750)
Main gearbox:
Type, brand	Summing, 10AO-2 x 1400 x 3.275
Deadwood:
lubrication	oily
type of seal	DMR
Mover:
· type	VRSh
· quantity
material	Bronze
diameter, m
disk ratio	0,57
number of blades
speed, s -1 (rpm)	2,55 (153)
Auxiliary boilers:
brand	ESH
	1 x 6.3
pressure, MPa (kgf / cm 2)	0.6h0.8 (6.0h8.0)
Recovery boilers:
brand	AKSR
Quantity x productivity, t/h	2 x 1.28
pressure, MPa (kgf / cm 2)	0,9…1,2 (9,0…12,0)
Distillers:

1.12 PMP funds

1.13 Ship power sources

1.13.1 General

1.13.2 Emergency:

1.14 Industrial refrigeration plant
1. 14.1 General information
Purpose: cooling of holds, technological consumers, pre-cooling of fish, freezing of fish.
Marine Register Class: X M R
Coolant: Freon 22
Design temperatures, °С:

1.14.3 Cooling system

Holds of frozen products: air, direct cooling;

Hold of fishmeal: air, coolant;

Freezers: direct cooling;

Pre-cooling of fish and technological consumers: coolant.

1.14.4 Freezers:

Air conditioning system with autonomous air conditioners
1.15 Technological equipment

Types of products: canned food, frozen products, fish feed meal and technical fish oil, semi-finished medical oil.

1.15.1Productivity of technological production lines:

canned food, tubes/day
frozen products, t/day
fish feed meal and technical fish oil t/day (by raw material)	50-60
p / f medical fat, t / day (by raw material)

1.15.2 Performance of installed equipment

2. Ship power plant and features of its operation

2.1 General characteristics of the SPP

The power plant of the trawler includes:

Diesel-reduced unit with two main drive motors of the 6M32S type with a power of 2x2880 kW and a reduction gear of the YuAO-2X 1400X3.921 type;

Two auxiliary diesel generators with drive engines 8M20 and 6M20 with a capacity of 1520 and 1140 kW;

one auxiliary steam boiler type ESH 6.3 with a steam capacity of 6300 kg/h at a steam pressure of 0.7-0.8 MPa;

Emergency diesel generator with a drive engine type 6NVD26-2 with a power of 147 kW;

Auxiliary mechanisms and equipment.

The power plant of the vessel provides for automation, control and signaling in the scope that meets the requirements of the Register of the Russian Federation for the automation mark A2 (maintenance of the power plant with a central control panel during periodic bypass of the engine room on the move and off-duty service in the parking lot).

2.2 Diesel gear unit

In the aft part of the engine room, the main twin-engine power plant with a summing gearbox is installed. The scheme of the propulsion plant is shown in fig. 2.1

Figure 2.1 - Kinematic diagram of the DRA of the vessel of the project "Atlantic - 488"

1 - AC shaft generator DGFSO 1421-6;

2 - reduction gear 1 OJSC-2X 1400X3.921;

3 - coupling CAR 340;

4 - thrust bearing;

5 - coupling CAR 340;

6 - elastic coupling NEK 180 W-2-2;

7 - AC shaft generator DGFSO 1421-6;

8 - pitch change mechanism (MISH);

9 - adjustable pitch screw (VRSh).

A single-stage, cylindrical, reduction gear transmits the torque from the drive motors to a four-blade controllable pitch propeller (CVP) with a decrease in rotational speed up to 153 min-1, as well as to shaft generators (SH) of three-phase current with an increase in rotational speed up to 1000 min -1.

The water pipeline consists of three intermediate (support) shafts and a short shaft made of steel SK 35; the shafts are supported by five GS 50.3 cast steel bearings with babbitt filling. The shafts have riveted flanges and are connected by fitting bolts. On the bulkhead in the region of the thirty-ninth frame there is a bulkhead gland, and in the region of the seventeenth - a short circuit device. For installation work shaft retainer installed.

The main engines are connected to the gearbox by pneumatic couplings of the KAR 140 type. Power is taken from the gearbox to the AC shaft generators through flexible couplings of the HEK 180 W-2-2 type.

2.3 Design parameters of the auxiliary engine

Diesel engines of the SKL brand, type VD 26/20 AL - 2 (8 ChN 26/20) are non-reversible four-stroke single-acting engines of a trunk design. They are gas turbine powered. The entire range covers six - and eight-cylinder engines, designed according to the block principle from unified structural elements in every possible way.

In four-stroke engines, the slave cylinder consists of a starting stroke, a compression stroke, a power stroke, and an exhaust stroke. During the intake stroke, the charge enters the cylinders through the turbine of the gas turbocharger. During the compression stroke, the charge undergoes self-ignition of the fuel. The latter begins shortly before the end of the turn. During the working stroke, the charge burns out. The products of combustion expand and give their energy to the pistons. During the exhaust stroke, the exhaust gases are squeezed out of the cylinders by the pistons. The residual energy of the exhaust gases is used in the turbine of the gas turbocharger to drive the impeller. Structural basic parameters are given in table 2.2.

Table 2.2 - Structural dimensions

Name	Unit	Options
Engine type Construction	- -	8 VD 26/20 AL - 2 vertical, in-line, four-stroke diesel engine with water cooling and direct injection, non-reversible, with gas turbine supercharging and charge air cooling
Number of cylinders	-
Cylinder bore Stroke Displacement single	mm mm dm 3	8,16
cylinder Engine displacement Compression ratio	dm 3	65,28 12,5
Continuous power	kW (hp)	882(1200)
Rated speed	rpm
Starting speed	rpm
Average effective pressure	MPa (kgf/cm)	1,621 (16,53)
Max pressure	MPa (kgf / cm 2)	12,7 -1 (130 -10)

2.4 Foundation frame

The foundation frame serves as a supporting structure for the engine and for mounting the crankshaft support in it. The high location of the connector between the base frame and the cylinder block provides a high rigidity of the form, which requires, in order to create conditions for strict alignment of the bearing line. In addition, a favorable transmission of tensile forces in the base frame is thus possible.

The base frame and cylinder block are made of gray cast iron. Half anchors create a rigid connection between both parts of the frame and perceive the forces from the gas pressure transmitted to the crankshaft through the piston and connecting rod.

2.5 Cylinder bushings

Cylinder bushings are pressed into the cylinder block, which are washed by cooling water. In case of wear, the bushings are replaced with new ones.

2.6 Cylinder cover

The cylinder covers provide a seal between the cylinder block, bushing. The cylinder head has intake and exhaust valves. The valve actuators are pressure lubricated and individually enclosed in an oil-tight light metal cap. The starting, safety and indicator valves and the nozzle are located outside the cladding.

2.7 Pistons

The pistons are made of high quality aluminium-silicon alloy. They are equipped with three sealing and two oil scraper rings. The pistons are composite. They have screwed upper part steel and oil cooled.

The connecting rod is forged in a die. The rod of the connecting rod and the cover of the crank head are made with an oblique connector at an angle of 45. Connecting rod bearings consist of thin-walled liners without shoulders.

2.9 Crankshaft

The crankshaft is made of high quality steel, forged and machined. The shaft journals are not hardened. Counterweights are installed to the cheeks of the crankshaft.

The crankshaft is laid on frame bearings. The latter, like connecting rod bearings, are thin-walled liners without shoulders. The axial direction of the crankshaft is carried out by a guide bearing.

2.10 Camshaft

The engine has valve distribution. The camshaft is made of a composite length of two parts, and its drive is carried out from the crankshaft through the gears. The cam washers are individual and are keyed to the camshaft.
2.11 Fuel supply

A hydraulically powered governor driven by the fuel pump drive shaft keeps the engine speed approximately constant. It directly affects the regulation of the supply of the fuel pump through the adjusting lever system.

2.12 Starting the engine

Compressed air is used to start the engine. It is pumped by the starting compressor into the air cylinders. The air intake is controlled by the main start valve, start distribution spools and start valves.

2.13 Gas turbocharger

The gas turbocharger attached to the engine consists of a drive turbine and a compressor. It uses the energy contained in the exhaust gases for supercharging. After the gas turbine supercharger, there is a charge air cooler.

2.14 Fuel system

Fuel supply is carried out by a block fuel pump installed on the engine, to which a fuel priming pump is upstream. Fuel injection is performed by direct method. For this purpose, a nozzle with a multi-hole atomizer with a conical seat is used. A two-section switchable filter with cardboard cartridges serves to clean the fuel.

2.15 Lubrication system

The lubrication system is used to lubricate moving parts. Part of the lubricating oil is also used to cool the engine pistons. The rotary filter located in a parallel flow contributes to an additional fine purification of the oil. A fine oil filter is used to clean the lubricating oil for the gas turbocharger. The gear pump ensures sufficient oil circulation.

2.16 Cooling system

The engine is cooled by a centralized cooling system. The supply of cooling water in the external and internal circuits is carried out by centrifugal pumps installed separately, one in each circuit. In this case, the circulating water of the internal circuit is cooled

re sea water external circuit in a water cooler mounted centrally away from the engine.
Steps are located on the control side for easier access and reading of instrument readings.

2.17 Transporting the engine

For transportation, it is necessary to use two steel cables with a diameter d (tensile strength 1373 MPa - 140 kgf / mm 2) and a minimum length L. The engine suspension is carried out by a lifting device attached to the cylinder covers when the engine is delivered.

The repair of the ship is carried out according to the system of preventive maintenance, which provides for the periodic performance of inter-trip, extended inter-trip, medium and overhaul repairs in accordance with industry standards.

The same RTMK-S .....

Almost the same, below, in the pictures, the lead steamship of the entire RTMK-S series of the type, Moonsund "of the Atlantic 488 project and of course its name is. Moonsund" and its number is 901 .. it was built and they were at the shipyards in the city of Stralsund, in that very DDR .. at one time they were hoo, super-duper modern, with the latest (at that time, of course) filling in the fish shop (for example, on the next one, Georg Kask "fillet lines were installed, Swedish-VMK , the sailor who worked on her flight, after that received the category of senior sailor, which means an increase in the share when dividing the prey))), that is, the fish processor was compared with the sailor of the prey, you know))) it's like our first cosmonauts all became Heroes of the Soviet Union) )
I ended up on it on its third voyage, we left Tallinn in 87, in February, and crossed the diagonal of the Atlantic from NE to SW to Drake, and from there, having lingered on the fishery for half a year in the .40s, "rose to the port of Callao or, by land, to Lima))) the entire transition to fishing, rolled "canned food (K-in the abbreviation denotes precisely its ability, in addition to everything that is supposed to be a trawler, to roll up jars of fish, for which there was not a large one on board, but a very powerful workshop in terms of volumes, also with super-duper imported equipment and a special canning hold), having collected frozen fish in its port for this .. the transition lasted 35 days, until the first trawl ..
This is what I mean? This is what I mean by the fact that these days it was a steamer of this type called "Oleg Naydenov" was arrested by the Senegalese authorities .. these pictures are not himself, of course, this is the same one. Moonsund "(sold and drunk by the way, in 98, on,. needles, "bitches ((((, but from these pictures you can imagine what the Senegalese idiots encroached on ...
Here is his TTD-http://www.soviet-trawler.narod.ru/pages_r/ussr/moonzund_r.html
I don’t have my own photos, or rather they are, but in the form of slides they have already faded, so I had to steal the portraits "in Odnoklassniki, forgive me classmates))) ..

"RTMK-S, Moonsund"

On the fishery .. in this photo, somewhere in the holds, it carries me, the photo is marked 1987))