How are the Muses and Pegasus related? Pegasus - Learn Svetlana Golshanskaya

How was the winged horse Pegasus born and how did it become a symbol of poetry? In Greek mythology, Pegasus is a winged horse, the son of Poseidon and the Gorgon Medusa, who was born together with the warrior Chrysaor from the dead body of a monster beheaded by Perseus. Bellerophon bridled

"Pegasus" In July 1942, under the leadership of D.L. Tomashevich, the project of a single-seat aircraft for the destruction of tanks and mobile enemy troops, the so-called "anti-tank air army aircraft", was completed. According to the plan of D.L. Tomashevich, the plane should be easy to

*** Pegasus *** The most intelligent of all known horses is Pegasus. Physiologically, he is primitive: just a horse with wings, flying. If you dig into the mythologies of the world, you will find several flying horses, however, Russian horses did not need wings for this - they flew,

Pegasus Winged Pegasus from Greek myths, a white horse with golden (and sometimes white) wings that can fly, is a magical mythical creature familiar to us. Different myths offer different versions of the origin of this magical horse. According to one legend, Pegasus was

Winged Sea Pegasus The Winged Sea Pegasus has front legs with hooves and the back of a fish. The seahorse in its many mythical forms (not the tiny seahorse we know) was often invoked by Poseidon/Neptune when this seagod struck with his

Pegasus is a large winged horse born from the decapitated head of the Gorgon Medusa. Pegasus was endowed with immortality. The owner of Pegasus was Bellerophon, who was patronized by Athena herself.

Once he sent Pegasus into battle against a fire-breathing monster - Chimera. Somehow, Bellerophon decided to climb Pegasus to Olympus itself, but Zeus, seeing such impudence, threw him along with Pegasus to the ground. However, then the supreme god returned Pegasus to Olympus and instructed him to be his assistant: to spread thunder and lightning. That is why Pegasus is also called the "thunder horse of Zeus."

In astronomy, the constellation Pegasus is known. It is noticeable in the spring. that the appearance of the star Pegasus in the sky precedes thunderstorms.

The name "Pegasus" is derived from two Greek words: "spring" and "jump".

Pegasus was also associated with the Muses. According to legend, the winged horse created a sacred spring - Hippocrene with a blow of his hoof. This happened during the participation of nine muses in a competition with Pierre's nine daughters on Mount Helikon.

In the stories that have come down to us, it is reported that at some point in the competition it became completely dark around - this is how the singing of Pierre's daughters affected the world around. When the Muses sang, the heavens, the sea and the rivers stood still to listen to the captivating singing. Mount Helikon immediately began to grow, trying to rise to the very Olympus.

But Pegasus was able to stop this growth by hitting the ground with his hoof. This is how the source of Hippocrene appeared. It is said that similar wells and wells created by Pegasus are found throughout Greece.

Pegasus in art

The image of a winged horse is often found in classical art: often Pegasus accompanies the chariot of the sun god Helios or the moon god Selene. In one of the myths, the hero Pelops was presented with a chariot drawn by a winged horse.

Some historical facts indicate that winged horses were considered a common animal species in the mysterious land of Ethiopia.

And Pausanias left a few notes about Pegasus. For example, Plato mentions the temple of Poseidon on the mythical land called Atlantis, where there was a sculpture of a god standing on a chariot drawn by six winged horses.

The image of Pegasus often appeared on Greek ceramics, the earliest finding dates back to the 7th century BC. The winged horse was also a popular image found on Corinthian coins. The most famous depiction of Pegasus in sculpture is the pediment of the Temple of Artemis in Corcyra (approximately 580 BC).

The myths about Pegasus excited the imagination of many artists and sculptors. Thus, Rubens depicted in his painting Perseus and Pegasus liberating Andromeda (1622), the same plot was used on his canvas by Dovanni Battista Tiepolo (c. 1730).

The image of a winged horse is found even in music: in the opera Bellerophon in the 18th century (authors - Jean-Baptiste Lully, Christoph Graupner, R. Keyser, Iobates, J. F. Binder von Kriglstein).

Since Byzantine times, the image of Pegasus has risen to be found in Christian stories. The winged horse began to be perceived as a protector. For example, Archangel Michael fought on a winged horse. In Furious Roland, Ariosto Pegasus faithfully serves the knight Astolfo, who manages to survive numerous adventures thanks to a winged helper.

Being a source of inspiration and wisdom, Pegasus symbolizes the flight of thoughts, as well as the path to truth, which is why he is often depicted with Apollo and the Muses. Parnassus Andrea Mantegna (1495-1497) depicts Pegasus next to the nine muses, accompanied by Hermes. Similar subjects are used in their creations by Andrea Schiavone, Gustav Moreau, Albert Pinkham Ryder and Giorgio de Chirico.

Giordano Bruno used the image of Pegasus in his satirical dialogue The Cabal of Pegasus (1585). Friedrich Schiller also wrote the ballad "Pegasus in Harness" (1795), where the winged horse appears as an ordinary working horse, which, falling into the hands of negative characters, loses its powerful strength.

Pegasus has become the logo for many companies (especially those involved in the transport of goods and passengers and mail delivery). Also, the image of a winged horse is found on the logo of the American oil company Mobil Oil (now called Exxon Mobil).

In Russia, one of the largest tour operators is named after Pegasus, providing holidays for those who wish almost anywhere in the world.

Pegasus in astronomy

The constellation Pegasus is considered one of the largest on the map of the starry sky. It is located in the northern hemisphere. Consists of 14 stars, adjacent to the constellations Andromeda, Cygnus, Dolphin, Aquarius, Fox and Pisces.

Astronomers say that the meteor shower (starfall) of the constellation Pegasus is often visible to the naked eye from the ground. This phenomenon is called the July Pegasid.

Pegasus is considered a symbol of eloquence, inspiration, glory, spiritual growth. In European heraldry, it was reproduced on the coats of arms of philosophers and sages, in the second world war his image, along with the rider, was the hallmark of the British Airborne Forces. Today his name is used to denote speed.

Who is Pegasus?

Pegasus is the son of Poseidon and terrifying. This favorite of the Muses is the patron of sciences and arts. He flew through the sky at the speed of the wind, knocked out mountain springs with a blow of a hoof and was the object of desire of many hunters who sought to possess a winged horse. But it was worth tracking down the animal and reaching out to him with a hand, trying to saddle him, as the incredulous horse ran up and soared into the sky. And to this day he lives in the sky, opening his eyes on clear cloudless nights in the form of a constellation of the same name, though already without huge wings.

How did Pegasus come about?

There are two versions of his birth:

1. The first legend about Pegasus says that he left the body of his mother Gorgon Medusa in the company of his warrior brother Chrysaor, when Perseus beheaded her and rid the world of a terrible and evil monster.
2. According to another version, the blood of his mother Gorgon Medusa, which fell to the ground, gave birth to the horse.

The father of the winged horse is Poseidon, the imperious and majestic god of the seas, and Pegasus was born near the shores of the ocean, which is why he received such a name, which means “stormy stream” in Greek. This horse was faithful assistant Perseus during the rescue of Andromeda and the Greek warrior Bellerophon, who took the life of the three-headed. Subsequently, Zeus gave Pegasus to the goddess of the Dawn, Eos, who found him a place in the sky, turning him into a constellation.

What does Pegasus look like?

Pegasus is a horse with wings, which was depicted with white, black, brown or golden hair. His enemies in mythology were considered hippogriffs, having the appearance of half-horses, half-birds and griffins - animals that had the body of a lion and the head of an eagle. This freedom-loving animal soared above the highest peaks. There is a legend about Pegasus, according to which Mount Helikon, delighted by the singing of the Muses, began to stretch to the very sky. Then, at will, the horse kicked her peak with his hoof, and she froze in place.

Where does Pegasus live?

According to legend, he had a stall in Corinth, but those who are interested in where Pegasus is located should answer that he spent most of his time in the mountains - on Parnassus in Phokis and Helikon in Boeotia. On the last mountain near the grove of Muses, after being hit with a hoof, the source of Hippocrene appeared, which is also called the “Key of the Horse”. Poets drew inspiration from it in their work.

Pegasus - mythology

It will become more clear who Pegasus is in ancient mythology if we recall the story of his rider Bellerophon. There are two versions of how he became its owner:

1. According to the first, Poseidon himself gave the horse to the hero.
2. According to the second, he ambushed the animal near the source of the Pyrenees, which is on the top of Acrocorinth. But Bellerophon was not immediately able to saddle his horse. This became possible only after the daughter of Zeus, Athena, presented the hero with a golden bridle. Throwing it around the horse's neck, Bellerophon boldly jumped on him and subsequently killed the formidable monster Chimera with his help.

That's who saddled Pegasus, but when Bellerophon set out to reach the very top of the sky on a horse and fly to Olympus, Zeus was angry with him for this and sent a horsefly to sting Pegasus under the tail. The animal, maddened with pain, threw Bellerophon down, and he died. According to other stories, he fell himself, looking down from a bird's eye view and was very frightened. And the horse remained to serve Zeus faithfully and for a long time delivered thunder and lightning to Olympus, which Hephaestus minted for him.

What does Pegasus symbolize?

The animal personifies the vitality and power of the horse, along with overcoming the earth's gravity, as birds do. This evokes associations with the unbridled inspiration of the poet, overcoming everything in its path. If we take into account that the source of Hippocrene, which arose after a hoof strike, was the source of the muses, then this gave rise to the popular expression: "Saddle Pegasus." Asking the question of who a person becomes by riding Pegasus, it is worth answering that he becomes a poet, creator, a person who rises above the ordinary and creates brilliant works.

In ancient Greek mythology, Pegasus is a winged horse. According to one version, he was born to the Gorgon Medusa from Poseidon. According to another, he jumped out of the body of Medusa along with his warrior brother Chrysaor after Perseus cut off her head. According to the third version, he was born by the blood of Medusa that fell on the ground. There is also the option that he was born from the waters of the ocean like Aphrodite. Immediately after his birth, Pegasus rushed to where thunder and lightning are born. According to some versions of the myth, Athena tamed him and gave him to Perseus, who flew on him to Ethiopia to help Andromeda. Pegasus is a later layer in the myth of Perseus, as he originally used the winged sandals he received from Hermes.

With the help of its powerful wings, Pegasus is able to fly faster than the wind and travel considerable distances. According to legend, he had a stall in Corinth; lived in the mountains more time spending on Parnassus in Phocis and Helicon in Boeotia.

Hesiod associates the name of Pegasus with the Greek pegai - a source, a well. However, it can also be correlated with the Luvian pihassas - lightning. Perhaps that is why he became the bearer of lightning for the Thunderer Zeus. In addition to the personal name, the word "pegasus" was also used as a common noun for all winged horses.

Everywhere where Pegasus beat the ground with his hooves, springs arose. So Mount Helikon, delighted by the singing of the Muses, began to grow to the sky, until, at the behest of Poseidon, Pegasus hit its peak with a hoof, thereby stopping growth and opening the source of Hippocrenus.

According to one story, Poseidon gave Pegasus to his son Bellerophon. According to another version, Bellerophon caught him at a watering place at the source of the Pyrenees after Athena promised him a horse in a dream, giving him a golden bridle, and he erected an altar to Athena the Horsewoman, Athena Halinitida. Thanks to Pegasus, Bellerophon was able to hit the Chimera from the bow from the air (other myths attribute this feat to Perseus). Pegasus helped the hero in other exploits until he set out to reach Olympus on a winged horse. Enraged by the sacrilege of Bellerophon, Zeus sent a gadfly that stung Pegasus. The horse went mad with pain and threw Bellerophon down. Zeus gave Pegasus to Eos. According to another story, Bellerophon tried to fly up to the sky, but looked down and fell from fear, Pegasus continued to fly, leaving Bellerophon to wander in sorrow, hated by the gods. Pegasus took refuge in the stalls of Olympus, and Zeus entrusted him with bringing lightning from the blacksmith god Hephaestus, who makes them.

In literature, it is customary to describe Pegasus as follows: “ His fur is as white as snow, and his magical flowing mane is as light as fluff. Eyes... even more beautiful and sad than a horse's. The body is slender, the gait is graceful and light. Hooves, usually not cloven, may be golden in color. This is such a dear and familiar creature, like a horse, only with the ability to fly! Pegasus can have a horn like a unicorn. Pegasus and unicorns, similar creatures. It's just that some have wings, others have a horn».

And although most often Pegasus is credited with a white suit, they are not found in fiction of any color.

Pegasus is one of the most famous magical animals, a symbol of inspired poetic creativity. Although such an understanding of this animal became widespread only in modern times after acquaintance with the ancient myth, according to which a wonderful horse opened the source of Hippocrene on Mount Helikon with a blow of his hoof. Symbolically, it combines the vitality and strength of a horse with a bird-like liberation from earthly gravity, which begs the association with the violent, overcoming earthly obstacles spirit of the poet. Hence the expression "saddle a Pegasus" - "become a poet."

There were statues of Pegasus in Corinth. The Templars put it on their coat of arms; Pegasus symbolized eloquence, glory and contemplation. According to scientists of the 19th century, born from a deadly monster at the end of the world and ascended to the sparkling peaks of Olympus, Pegasus is a symbol of the connection of all life. The winged horse is a symbol of Chrysostom, it is present on the coat of arms and flag of the city. During World War II, the Pegasus, along with Bellerophon on its back, was approved as the distinctive badge of the British Airborne Forces; nowadays used for air transport and speed.

1. Pegasus statue in Corinth.
2. Coat of arms of Chrysostom.
3. Monument to the emblem of Chrysostom.
4. Sculpture "Pegasus" in Monte Carlo
5. Statue of Pegasus on Tverskoy Boulevard

The ancient Roman astrologer Manilius indicates that people born at the time of the rising of the constellation Pegasus are endowed with speed of movement and the ability to perform any work. "Some will make the horse turn quickly when, sitting on its back, they will strike from a height, fighting - commanders and warriors at the same time. Others, shortening the stages, will rush so fast that no legs will be visible, and the earth will seem to disappear. Who with the message it will rush faster around the world, it will be easier to reach the ends of the earth? In addition, those born under this constellation "will heal the wounds of animals with healing juice, know herbs that are useful to the beast and man." According to Ptolemy, the bright stars in the constellation Pegasus are similar in astrological influence to Mars and Mercury.

winged magic horses found in many fairy tales ancient world. In Asia Minor, the winged horse was revered as the incarnation of the deity of the sky and weather. The image of the heavenly horse exists in many cultures of the world and is associated with the cult of the sun: heavenly horses carry the solar chariot across the sky (there were similar ideas in the Middle East, Ancient Greece, Scandinavia). However, these horses did not have wings; Obviously, this element of the image was added later (the wings act as a universal image of belonging to the heavenly space and, in accordance with the symbolism of the top, to the spiritual sphere). In medieval legends, the image of a winged hippogriff horse is common, which symbolizes the uplifting strength of the spirit. The image of Pegasus illustrates the positive aspect of the horse, whose image, on the other hand, could also take on sinister features.

NAME: black pegasus.
CLASS: magical.
HABITAT: unknown.
APPEARANCE: a black horse with webbed wings, fangs and red eyes.

The so-called black pegasi carry a completely different essence. They look like ordinary horses, but with large membranous wings, fangs and red eyes. The color is usually black with a dark purple tint. Loners. Black Pegasi have one incomprehensible oddity: they respect people and unicorns, but at the sight of ordinary Pegasus they go berserk, rush at them and tear them to shreds.

A little more about Pegasus.

1. In the cartoon "Hercules" the hero was accompanied by Pegasus. A magnificent horse with the brains of a bird, as Zeus put it.

2. In the movie "Clash of the Titans" to defeat the monster Kraken, Perseus, the son of a god who grew up among people, receives a gift from the gods of Pegasus, a black winged horse; a zealous beast, which is feared by other winged horses distinguished by a white color. Not a single person could ride Pegasus, but Perseus succeeded.

3. The sorcerer turns Princess Breta into a Pegasus in the cartoon "Barbie and Pegasus Magic".

4. In the book and film "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" a delegation from the French school of magic Sharmbaton is in a huge carriage that moves across the sky with a string of mighty winged horses.

5. In the book of Milena Zavoychinskaya "Aleta" the favorite of the main character Aleta was the black stallion Hammer, half-unicorn, half-pegasus. From one of the parents he got wings, from the other - a horn.

6. In the anime "Sailor Moon" you can also meet a magical Pegasus named Helios, who came to our world from the Land of Dreams. His horn is the focus of his power, the Golden Crystal. Able to take on a human form, although the horn is preserved in this hypostasis.