Pump pump for water

In suburban life, the use of pumps is constantly required: pump water from a well, pump water from a pool, pump dirty water from a flooded basement, water a garden or vegetable garden, and much more. Also, pumps are used not only to work with open sources, but also in the plumbing system to increase pressure, as well as in the sewer. There is a whole category of pumps called "pump pumps for water", which are indispensable in country life, construction, gardening, utilities and many other activities where pumping of various liquids is necessary. In order to be able to choose the right pump for water, in this article we will talk about their types, device and differences depending on the scope of application.

Types of pump pumps

Water pumps are used wherever large volumes of liquid are pumped or pressure is created. Its areas of application are varied:

Agriculture;
Gardening;
Construction;
In suburban areas;
in country houses;
In the public utility sector;
To extinguish fires;
In industry, for example, in oil;
Tunnel construction, etc.

Conventionally, all pump pumps can be divided into two categories: surface and submersible.

do not fall into the water, it is enough that they are near a water source, and the water is directly taken with a hose. These pumps are convenient, lightweight and easy to use. The suction depth of surface pumps is small, so they can only be used in places close to water. For example, for taking water from a well, a reservoir, for irrigating fields, draining a basement or pumping water from a pool, as well as fire fighting.

Surface pumps include:

garden pumps for watering the garden and garden, pumping water from the pool, etc.
Pressure- pumps in the water supply system to increase pressure.
Pumping stations- pumps equipped with an additional water tank and a control unit.

Submersible pumps completely immersed in water. Their body is made of corrosion-resistant material, and the main task is to lift water from a depth. There are several types in total.

used for pumping water from aquifers. Their body has an elongated cylindrical shape, and the cylinder diameter is small, this helps to suck up water from a great depth, and also allows the pump to be used in narrow wells. The thickness of borehole sediments is quite large.

well pumps are used to lift water from wells with clean or slightly polluted water. Their performance is quite large, and the noise level is low, so such pumps are often used for water supply to country houses.

Drainage pumps are used for pumping dirty water from flooded basements, drainage ditches, pits, trenches and other objects. It is allowed that the water contains sand, silt and other particles with a diameter of not more than 30 mm.

Fecal pump pumps are used for pumping water with a large amount of dirt and impurities. The pump is equipped with a cutting device that grinds long-fibre inclusions.

The next gradation of pump pumps is a source of energy for work. There are:

manual pump pumps that fit perfectly into country life;
motor-pump pumps running on gasoline or diesel engines are used in horticulture and at sites remote from electricity;
electric pumps. The latter category includes both small pumps for aquariums with fish, and powerful industrial pumps for pumping oil.

The category of household pump pumps includes surface, submersible, manual and motorized, as well as some electric models. The category of industrial pumps is large and varied, but we will not focus on it for now.

Manual pump pump for water: device and application

A manual pump pump is not very popular today, but this unit is indispensable for summer cottages. Using a pumping station to supply water is, of course, convenient. But at the same time, if the electricity is suddenly turned off, it is inconvenient to stay without water. Yes, and turning on the pump to collect a couple of buckets of water for urgent needs is not too far-sighted. Pumps do not like to be "pulled". But a manual water rocker - what you need, a couple of times he shook his hand - that's a bucket of water. Moreover, the hand pump and the electric pump can be connected to the same well and used freely at the same time or as needed.

A manual pump is a piston pump, the principle of operation of which is very similar to electric pumps, so knowledge of the device will give an understanding of the processes occurring inside the pump pump.

In the cylindrical body of a manual pump pump, a piston moves, due to the movement of which the liquid is pumped. The pump housing has an inlet through which water enters, an outlet through which water is supplied to consumers, as well as a flange with a rubber seal for the piston thrust. Check valves are installed in the lower water intake hole and in the piston itself, which play an important role in the operation of the entire pump.

When a person lowers the piston rod, the piston goes down and water rushes through the valve in the piston into the space above the piston. All this time, the check valve at the inlet is closed, as water presses on it. When a person raises the piston rod, the piston moves up, and water from the above-piston space rushes into the outlet pipe. At this time, the check valve on the piston is closed by water pressure. At the same time, a vacuum is formed in the space under the piston - the pressure drops and water from the source begins to be sucked into it through the check valve. As the cycle repeats, the water moves from the space below the piston to the space above the piston and then to the outlet pipe.

In fact, the operation of a pump pump is based on work with pressure: an increase in pressure in one chamber and a decrease in another.

Please note that the pipe entering the pump must be sufficiently rigid so as not to collapse when water is sucked in. For example, a garden hose is clearly not suitable. It must be a metal or plastic pipe.

The rod drive can be made in the form of a “Crane” flywheel, as in ancient Egypt. Such devices are convenient in that they require less effort to move, with just one or two large “swipes” you can pump up half a bucket.

Hand pumps can be used for sampling from shallow depths, a maximum of 8 m, at greater depths atmospheric pressure will interfere. It is very important that the pump piston has the same shape as the pump housing, and also “walks” tightly inside, creating pressure drops.

The second most important element is the check valve. It must be reliable, as it determines the performance of the entire pump. If the check valve leaks or, as they say, “poison”, water will go back and forth uselessly inside the pump, not pumping into the outlet pipe.

The check valve can be diaphragm or ball valve.

diaphragm valve It is a plate of thick rubber, fixed with rivets near the hole. The plate must completely cover the hole. The inlet check valve is mounted on the inside of the pump housing. The check valve on the piston is mounted on the side of the over-piston space. When the piston rises and a vacuum is created in the lower chamber, the valve opens (the plate is lifted by water) and water enters the chamber. At the same time, the check valve on the piston itself is firmly pressed down by the water pressure in the upper chamber. When the piston descends, the water pressure closes the check valve on the inlet and opens on the piston.

ball check valve similar to a membrane one, with the only difference being that the hole is covered by a ball, the size of which is perfectly matched. The movement of the ball is limited by a railing or net. The weight of the ball should be sufficient not to float in the water, but to sink, so ebonite balls or from dense heavy plastic are used.

A manual pump-action pump can be completely made independently and used in the country or in a country house as an "emergency".

How to choose a hand pump

If there is a need to purchase a ready-made hand pump for a well, this will not be difficult, since there are quite a few similar products on the market. Mostly pumps of domestic production under the name "column" are sold.

Models of hand pumps differ in the material of manufacture. In some models, the body is made of stainless steel, while in others it is made of cast iron. The inner chamber is mainly made of food grade plastic.

Also, the pumps differ in size, shape, structural elements and the location of the drain valve - gander. The suction depth of manual pumps is 6 - 9 m. The price of a manual pump pump ranges from 100 to 125 USD. But models made of carved cast iron of a bizarre shape will cost more - 180 - 200 USD. But more expensive than $200 there are no hand pumps.

Moto pump pumps for pumping water

Motorized pump pumps are indispensable if you need to pump out water from a flooded basement, from a pit or a well that has just been dug, as well as for taking water from an open source and watering fields and gardens.

Most pumps are equipped with centrifugal pump, which is put into operation using gasoline or diesel engines. The advantage of motor pumps is independence from the availability of a source of electricity, and as a disadvantage, a high level of noise and the presence of exhaust gases can be distinguished.

The principle of operation and the device of a motor pump:

Torque from the engine is applied to the pump shaft. On the shaft are blades that set the fluid in motion. The main working part of the motor pump is a wheel consisting of two disks connected by blades. These blades are curved in the direction opposite to the movement of the wheel. When the pump is running, the space between the vanes is filled with the pumped liquid. When the wheel rotates, centrifugal force acts on the liquid, therefore, a reduced / rarefied pressure is created in the middle, and on the periphery, on the contrary, increased pressure. Under the action of the pressure difference, the liquid moves from the outside to the center, and then is thrown out to the outlet.

Motorized pump water pump photo example.

Models of motor pumps with a gasoline engine most often they have low productivity, they are cheaper, but in the future they require high fuel costs.

Diesel Models more productive, have a longer engine life and consume less fuel than gasoline ones. But the cost of repair and maintenance of diesel units is higher.

Regardless of the installed engine, motor pumps do not pump air. In some models, to prevent overheating of the engine, water or other coolant is poured into the working part of the motor pump. Although modern models do not require such precautions. If the motorized pump pump is to be switched on with short breaks, restarting can be facilitated by installing a check valve on the inlet, as we already described in the hand pump.

The suction depth of motor pumps is about 5 - 8 m. The water supply through the outlet can be carried out at 35 m. If a large distance is required, it must be taken into account that the head loss for every 10 m is 1 m of head.

Motor pumps for pumping clean water and dirty water have serious design differences.

Motorized pump pumps for clean water or lightly contaminated water can pass particles no larger than 5 mm in diameter. Most often, such units are equipped with a two-stroke engine, have low productivity and are used for watering the garden in the country, pumping water into the fish garden, from the pool, and other needs.

Motor pumps with a four-stroke engine have a more impressive performance and are capable of pumping up to 120 m3 / h. These can be motorized fire pumps, pumps for soil erosion.

For a motorized water pump, the price depends on the performance. For example, a pump capable of pumping 600 - 800 l / min costs about 450 USD, with an average capacity of 900 - 1100 l / min - 600 USD, and with a high capacity of 1400 - 1800 l / min - 1500 USD .e. The last units are used for fire fighting.

Motorized pump pumps for pumping dirty water with impurities of sand, gravel, silt, small stones, fallen leaves and other fractions are equipped with special mesh filters that can pass particles up to 25 mm in diameter. The filter itself and its internal structure are made of high-strength materials, and in case of failure they are easily replaced. The impeller is also made of durable carbide metal. Another difference between pumps for dirty water is that such units are quite weighty, about 100 kg.

For quick cleaning, the motor pump is easy to open, and maintenance of such pumps is simple and quick. Motor pumps pump out dirty water from trenches, reservoirs, wells under construction, basements, pits, but they can also be used for fire fighting or pumping clean water, after cleaning or replacing the filter.

For a motorized water pump, the price also depends on performance, and it is an order of magnitude higher than for clean water pumps. For example, a pump for 600 - 800 l / min costs 1200 USD, for 1200 - 1300 l / min - 1600 USD, for 1600 - 2000 l / min - 2500 USD.

How to choose a motor pump

There are many manufacturers of motor pumps. Among the most famous are Daishin, Gardena, Forte, Hitachi, Honda, Hyundai, Kipor, Sadko, Caliber and Energomash.

Considering that the engine is not the last element in the motor pump, it makes sense to pay attention to those manufacturers who specialize not only in pumping equipment, but also have proven themselves in the production of engines. For example, Honda is the undisputed leader in this matter. Motor pumps of this manufacturer are reliable, durable and suitable for intensive use, but they are quite expensive. For example, a Honda WB20 motor pump with a capacity of 600 l / min costs 600 USD. While the Hyundai HY80 with a capacity of as much as 1000 l / min will cost 350 USD.

But the products of the SADKO company, for example, the WP-50 model with a capacity of 600 l / min will cost even less - 200 USD. This difference is primarily due to the fact that this manufacturer specializes in pumping equipment and units for summer cottages and gardens. But the cheapest are motor pumps of domestic production - Energomash. Model BP-87600 with a capacity of 1000 l/min, designed for pumping clean water, costs only $170.

Electric pumps

Electric pump pumps differ from motor pumps only in the drive, in this case the pump is powered by electricity.

Pumps for pumping water of various capacities.

Pump pumps for pumping sand and clay.
Pump pumps for pumping oil sludge. Used for pumping highly viscous liquids such as oil, molasses, latex and oil industry waste. Most often they are used for oil spill response, recovery from the bottom during a tanker spill, etc.
Pumps for pumping sludge, dirty water, sewage, sewage, etc.
Shredder pumps are a separate category. Designed to grind debris and other particles in the process of pumping water. Often used in the municipal sector, agriculture and industry for waste processing.

The production of drainage submersible pumps is not carried out by the same companies as motor pumps. Among the most famous are Aquatica, PEDROLLO, AL-KO, SPRUT, Dnipro-M, WILO and Grundfos. The cost of a submersible drainage pump depends on its performance and the maximum allowable particle size in the water, as well as the water pressure. Accordingly, the larger these parameters, the more expensive the pump.

The most affordable representatives are the products of Dnipro and Energomash - no more than 60 USD. for a pump with a capacity of 10,000 l / h.

A lot also depends on the reliability of the manufacturer and the promotion of the brand. The most expensive drainage pumps can be safely called the Metabo DP 28-10 S Inox models (capacity 54400 l / h) - 1350 USD, Aquario ADS-300 SUPERSAND (capacity 28000 l / h) - 1625 USD. And the PEDROLLO MC 30/50 pump with a capacity of 6600 / hour costs as much as 1200 USD. All these models are distinguished by the fact that their body is made of stainless steel.

An indisputable advantage of modern drainage pumps is their versatility. If the models are designed for pumping dirty water, they can easily cope with clean water, you just need to replace the filter.

Pumps for water are used in everyday life all the time, whether they belong to us or are on the balance sheet of a utility company, it is difficult to underestimate their importance. For life outside the city, buying a pump pump is quite justified. It can come in handy at any time, whether for supplying water to the water supply, or for pumping water from a tank or basement, or extinguishing a fire. For teams involved in the arrangement of wells, pits and trenches, a motor pump is an indispensable tool for work.